Delphi + Word = 数据库 + 公文处理

Delphi擅长做数据库类的MIS开发，但对于OA就有点力不从心了。不过随着Microsoft的COM技术逐渐成熟，现在普通Windows应用已经可以和Office97无缝结合了，尤其是在Delphi 5中提供了一组Servers组件，更是简化了程序开发。

最近接触了一个用户的案例，用Delphi控制Word做一个合同管理程序。办公人员先根据业务需要，写好合同的文字，但在用户名称、产品名称等变化的位置填写指定的标记字符串，然后通过Delphi把数据库中的实际数据替换掉Word中的文字，最后让Word打印出合同。

Delphi自带了一个简单的Word例题，但功能太简单。通过查找VBA的说明，再对照Delphi的VCL，编写了如下代码，实现了基本的公文管理功能。

启动Word时用如下代码：

begin
try
Wordapplication.Connect;
except
MessageDlg('Wordmaynotbeinstalled',mtError,[mbOk],0);
Abort;
end;
Wordapplication.Visible:=True;
WordApplication.Caption:='Delphiautomation';
end;

关闭Word用如下代码。如果想保存Doc文件，请修改SaveChanges变量的内容：

var
SaveChanges,OriginalFormat,RouteDocument:OleVariant;
begin
SaveChanges:=WdDoNotSaveChanges;
OriginalFormat:=UnAssigned;
RouteDocument:=UnAssigned;
try
WordApplication.Quit(SaveChanges,OriginalFormat,RouteDocument);
WordApplication.Disconnect;
except
onE:Exceptiondo
begin
Showmessage(E.Message);
WordApplication.Disconnect;
end;
end;
end;

让Word打开一个指定的文件，需要先放置OpenDialog，然后调用WordApplication.Documents.Open：

var
ItemIndex:OleVariant;
FileName,ConfirmConversions,ReadOnly,AddToRecentFiles,
PassWordDocument,PassWordTemplate,Revert,
WritePassWordDocument,WritePassWordTemplate,Format:OleVariant;
begin
ifnotdlgOpen.Executethen
Exit;

...{Opendocument}
FileName:=dlgOpen.FileName;
ConfirmConversions:=False;
ReadOnly:=False;
AddToRecentFiles:=False;
PassWordDocument:='';
PassWordTemplate:='';
Revert:=True;
WritePassWordDocument:='';
WritePassWordTemplate:='';
Format:=wdOpenFormatDocument;

WordApplication.Documents.Open(FileName,ConfirmConversions,
ReadOnly,AddToRecentFiles,PassWordDocument,PassWordTemplate,
Revert,WritePassWordDocument,WritePassWordTemplate,Format);

...{AssignWordDocumentcomponent}
ItemIndex:=1;
WordDocument.ConnectTo(WordApplication.Documents.Item(ItemIndex));

...{TurnSpellcheckingofbecauseittakesalongtimeifenabledandslowsdownWinWord}
WordApplication.Options.CheckSpellingAsYouType:=False;
WordApplication.Options.CheckGrammarAsYouType:=False;
end;

当我们安装delphi时选择的是xp样式的即使用WordXP时，这里的代码需要更改为这样

varItemIndex:OleVariant;
FileName,ConfirmConversions,ReadOnly,AddToRecentFiles,PasswordDocument,PasswordTemplate,Revert:OleVariant;
WritePasswordDocument,WritePasswordTemplate,Format:OleVariant;
Encoding,Visible,OpenAndRepair,DocumentDirection,NoEncodingDialog:OleVariant;

begin
ifnotdlgOpen.Executethen
Exit;

//...{Opendocument}
FileName:=dlgOpen.FileName;
ConfirmConversions:=False;
ReadOnly:=False;
AddToRecentFiles:=False;
PassWordDocument:='';
PassWordTemplate:='';
Revert:=True;
WritePassWordDocument:='';
WritePassWordTemplate:='';
Format:=wdFormatDocument;
//Encoding
Visible:=true;
WordApplication1.Disconnect;
WordApplication1.documents.Open(FileName,ConfirmConversions,
ReadOnly,AddToRecentFiles,
PasswordDocument,PasswordTemplate,
Revert,WritePasswordDocument,WritePasswordTemplate,Format,
Encoding,Visible,OpenAndRepair,DocumentDirection,NoEncodingDialog);
WordApplication1.Visible:=true;
...{AssignWordDocumentcomponent}
ItemIndex:=1;
WordDocument1.ConnectTo(WordApplication1.Documents.Item(ItemIndex));

...{TurnSpellcheckingofbecauseittakesalongtimeifenabledandslowsdownWinword}
WordApplication1.Options.CheckSpellingAsYouType:=False;
WordApplication1.Options.CheckGrammarAsYouType:=False;

end;

让Word替换标记字符串要使用WordDocument.Range.Find.Execute，这里用Delphi替换了<#Name>：

var
FindText,MatchCase,MatchWholeWord,MatchWildcards,MatchSoundsLike,
MatchAllWordForms,Forward,Wrap,Format,ReplaceWith,Replace:OleVariant;
begin
FindText:='<#Name>';
MatchCase:=False;
MatchWholeWord:=True;
MatchWildcards:=False;
MatchSoundsLike:=False;
MatchAllWordForms:=False;
Forward:=True;
Wrap:=wdFindContinue;
Format:=False;
ReplaceWith:='Delphi';
Replace:=True;

WordDocument.Range.Find.Execute(FindText,MatchCase,MatchWholeWord,
MatchWildcards,MatchSoundsLike,MatchAllWordForms,Forward,
Wrap,Format,ReplaceWith,Replace);

end;

上面这4段代码完成了公文管理的基本功能，再把它和数据库结合起来，就可以开发一个与Lotus Notes类似的产品了。