Objective-C 字符串和数组NSString NSArray操作

给下面一个这样的字符串去处理让人好头大,在java里的处理貌似很简单,ArrayList<String>貌似就解决的差不多了

NSString *str=@”0000##17#4#32@?????????????@002@@2010-03-16 11:25:24.834259*31@??????????????@002@@2009-12-15 15:51:57.203038*30@?????????????? ??????@002@@2009-12-12 22:04:52.985329*29@?????917????6? 11????1660@002@@2009-12-12 22:02:31.859998*28@?????????????????700??@002@@2009-12-12 22:00:26.393976*#”;

1

//创建字符串对象数组

NSArray *array = [str componentsSeparatedByString:@"@"];//就是以@为标示 输出看看啦

int count=[array count];

int i;

for(i=0;i<count;i=i+4)

{

printf(“%i: %s\n”,i,[[array objectAtIndex:i] UTF8String]);

}

2 可变的字符串类

NSMutableString *song=[[NSMutableString alloc] init];

[song appendString:@"Deaf Leppard"];

printf(“%s\n”,[song UTF8String]);

c

NSRange range=[song rangeOfString:@"Deaf"];//获取字符串”Deaf”字串的范围

[song replaceCharactersInRange:range withString:@"Def"];//替换

printf(“%s\n”,[song UTF8String]);

[song insertString:@"Animal by " atIndex:0];

printf(“%s\n”,[song UTF8String]);

[song release];

3

字典加数组操作

NSArray *keys=[@"on<wbr>e two three" componentsSeparatedByString:@" "];</wbr>

NSArray *value=[@"two bravo a" componentsSeparatedByString:@" "];

NSDictionary *dic=[[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjects:value forKeys:keys];

printf(“%s\n”,[[dic description] UTF8String]);

/*******************************************************************************************

NSString

*******************************************************************************************/

//一、NSString

/*—————-创建字符串的方法—————-*/

//1、创建常量字符串。

NSString *astring = @”This is a String!”;

//2、创建空字符串，给予赋值。

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] init];

astring = @”This is a String!”;

[astring release];

NSLog(@”astring:%@”,astring);

//3、在以上方法中，提升速度:initWithString方法

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@”This is a String!”];

NSLog(@”astring:%@”,astring);

[astring release];

//4、用标准c创建字符串:initWithCString方法

char *Cstring = “This is a String!”;

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithCString:Cstring];

NSLog(@”astring:%@”,astring);

[astring release];

//5、创建格式化字符串:占位符（由一个%加一个字符组成）

int i = 1;

int j = 2;

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.This is %i string!",i,j]];

NSLog(@”astring:%@”,astring);

[astring release];

//6、创建临时字符串

NSString *astring;

astring = [NSString stringWithCString:"This is a temporary string"];

NSLog(@”astring:%@”,astring);

/*—————-从文件读取字符串:initWithContentsOfFile方法—————-*/

NSString *path = @”astring.text”;

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:path];

NSLog(@”astring:%@”,astring);

[astring release];

/*—————-写字符串到文件:writeToFile方法—————-*/

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@”This is a String!”];

NSLog(@”astring:%@”,astring);

NSString *path = @”astring.text”;

[astring writeToFile: path atomically: YES];

[astring release];

/*—————-比较两个字符串—————-*/

//用C比较:strcmp函数

char string1[] = “string!”;

char string2[] = “string!”;

if(strcmp(string1, string2) = = 0)

{

NSLog(@”1″);

}

//isEqualToString方法

NSString *astring01 = @”This is a String!”;

NSString *astring02 = @”This is a String!”;

BOOL result = [astring01 isEqualToString:astring02];

NSLog(@”result:%d”,result);

//compare方法(comparer返回的三种值)

NSString *astring01 = @”This is a String!”;

NSString *astring02 = @”This is a String!”;

BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;

NSLog(@”result:%d”,result);

//NSOrderedSame判断两者内容是否相同

NSString *astring01 = @”This is a String!”;

NSString *astring02 = @”this is a String!”;

BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedAscending;

NSLog(@”result:%d”,result);

//NSOrderedAscending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02大于astring01为真)

NSString *astring01 = @”this is a String!”;

NSString *astring02 = @”This is a String!”;

BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedDescending;

NSLog(@”result:%d”,result);

//NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)

//不考虑大小写比较字符串1

NSString *astring01 = @”this is a String!”;

NSString *astring02 = @”This is a String!”;

BOOL result = [astring01 caseInsensitiveCompare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;

NSLog(@”result:%d”,result);

//NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)

//不考虑大小写比较字符串2

NSString *astring01 = @”this is a String!”;

NSString *astring02 = @”This is a String!”;

BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02

options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch | NSNumericSearch] = = NSOrderedSame;

NSLog(@”result:%d”,result);

//NSCaseInsensitiveSearch:不区分大小写比较 NSLiteralSearch:进行完全比较，区分大小写 NSNumericSearch:比较字符串的字符个数，而不是字符值。

/*—————-改变字符串的大小写—————-*/

NSString *string1 = @”A String”;

NSString *string2 = @”String”;

NSLog(@”string1:%@”,[string1 uppercaseString]);//大写

NSLog(@”string2:%@”,[string2 lowercaseString]);//小写

NSLog(@”string2:%@”,[string2 capitalizedString]);//首字母大小

/*—————-在串中搜索子串—————-*/

NSString *string1 = @”This is a string”;

NSString *string2 = @”string”;

NSRange range = [string1 rangeOfString:string2];

int location = range.location;

int leight = range.length;

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Location:%i,Leight:%i",location,leight]];

NSLog(@”astring:%@”,astring);

[astring release];

/*—————-抽取子串 —————-*/

//-substringToIndex: 从字符串的开头一直截取到指定的位置，但不包括该位置的字符

NSString *string1 = @”This is a string”;

NSString *string2 = [string1 substringToIndex:3];

NSLog(@”string2:%@”,string2);

//-substringFromIndex: 以指定位置开始（包括指定位置的字符），并包括之后的全部字符

NSString *string1 = @”This is a string”;

NSString *string2 = [string1 substringFromIndex:3];

NSLog(@”string2:%@”,string2);

//-substringWithRange: //按照所给出的位置，长度，任意地从字符串中截取子串

NSString *string1 = @”This is a string”;

NSString *string2 = [string1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];

NSLog(@”string2:%@”,string2);

//扩展路径

NSString *Path = @”~/NSData.txt”;

NSString *absolutePath = [Path stringByExpandingTildeInPath];

NSLog(@”absolutePath:%@”,absolutePath);

NSLog(@”Path:%@”,[absolutePath stringByAbbreviatingWithTildeInPath]);

//文件扩展名

NSString *Path = @”~/NSData.txt”;

NSLog(@”Extension:%@”,[Path pathExtension]);

/*******************************************************************************************

NSMutableString

*******************************************************************************************/

/*—————给字符串分配容量—————-*/

//stringWithCapacity:

NSMutableString *String;

String = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:40];

/*—————在已有字符串后面添加字符—————-*/

//appendString: and appendFormat:

NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@”This is a NSMutableString”];

//[String1 appendString:@", I will be adding some character"];

[String1 appendFormat:[NSString stringWithFormat:@", I will be adding some character"]];

NSLog(@”String1:%@”,String1);

*/

/*——–在已有字符串中按照所给出范围和长度删除字符——*/

/*

//deleteCharactersInRange:

NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@”This is a NSMutableString”];

[String1 deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 5)];

NSLog(@”String1:%@”,String1);

/*——–在已有字符串后面在所指定的位置中插入给出的字符串——*/

//-insertString: atIndex:

NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@”This is a NSMutableString”];

[String1 insertString:@"Hi! " atIndex:0];

NSLog(@”String1:%@”,String1);

/*——–将已有的空符串换成其它的字符串——*/

//-setString:

NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@”This is a NSMutableString”];

[String1 setString:@"Hello Word!"];

NSLog(@”String1:%@”,String1);

/*——–按照所给出的范围，和字符串替换的原有的字符——*/

//-setString:

NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@”This is a NSMutableString”];

[String1 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4) withString:@"That"];

NSLog(@”String1:%@”,String1);

/*————-判断字符串内是否还包含别的字符串(前缀，后缀)————-*/

//01：检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头- (BOOL) hasPrefix: (NSString *) aString;

NSString *String1 = @”NSStringInformation.txt”;

[String1 hasPrefix:@"NSString"] = = 1 ? NSLog(@”YES”) : NSLog(@”NO”);

[String1 hasSuffix:@".txt"] = = 1 ? NSLog(@”YES”) : NSLog(@”NO”);

//02：查找字符串某处是否包含其它字符串 – (NSRange) rangeOfString: (NSString *) aString，这一点前面在串中搜索子串用到过;

/*******************************************************************************************

NSArray

*******************************************************************************************/

/*—————————创建数组——————————*/

NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:

@”On<wbr>e”,@”Two”,@”Three”,@”Four”,nil];</wbr>

self.dataArray = array;

[array release];

//- (unsigned) Count;数组所包含对象个数；

NSLog(@”self.dataArray cound:%d”,[self.dataArray count]);

//- (id) objectAtIndex: (unsigned int) index;获取指定索引处的对象;

NSLog(@”self.dataArray cound 2:%@”,[self.dataArray objectAtIndex:2]);

/*————————–从一个数组拷贝数据到另一数组(可变数级)—————————-*/

//arrayWithArray:

NSArray *array1 = [[NSArray alloc] init];

NSMutableArray *MutableArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:

@"a",@"b",@"c",nil];

NSLog(@”array:%@”,array);

MutableArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:array];

NSLog(@”MutableArray:%@”,MutableArray);

array1 = [NSArray arrayWithArray:array];

NSLog(@”array1:%@”,array1);

//Copy

//id obj;

NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:

@"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];

NSLog(@”oldArray:%@”,oldArray);

for(int i = 0; i < [oldArray count]; i++)

{

obj = [[oldArray objectAtIndex:i] copy];

[newArray addObject: obj];

}

//

NSLog(@”newArray:%@”, newArray);

[newArray release];

//快速枚举

//NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:

@"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];

NSLog(@”oldArray:%@”,oldArray);

for(id obj in oldArray)

{

[newArray addObject: obj];

}

//

NSLog(@”newArray:%@”, newArray);

[newArray release];

//Deep copy

NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:

@"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];

NSLog(@”oldArray:%@”,oldArray);

newArray = (NSMutableArray*)CFPropertyListCreateDeepCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, (CFPropertyListRef)oldArray, kCFPropertyListMutableContainers);

NSLog(@”newArray:%@”, newArray);

[newArray release];

//Copy and sort

NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:

@"b",@"a",@"e",@"d",@"c",@"f",@"h",@"g",nil];

NSLog(@”oldArray:%@”,oldArray);

NSEnumerator *enumerator;

enumerator = [oldArray objectEnumerator];

id obj;

while(obj = [enumerator nextObject])

{

[newArray addObject: obj];

}

[newArray sortUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];

NSLog(@”newArray:%@”, newArray);

[newArray release];

/*—————————切分数组——————————*/

//从字符串分割到数组－ componentsSeparatedByString:

NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@”On<wbr>e,Two,Three,Four”];</wbr>

NSLog(@”string:%@”,string);

NSArray *array = [string componentsSeparatedByString:@","];

NSLog(@”array:%@”,array);

[string release];

//从数组合并元素到字符串- componentsJoinedByString:

NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@”On<wbr>e”,@”Two”,@”Three”,@”Four”,nil];</wbr>

NSString *string = [array componentsJoinedByString:@","];

NSLog(@”string:%@”,string);

/*******************************************************************************************

NSMutableArray

*******************************************************************************************/

/*—————给数组分配容量—————-*/

NSArray *array;

array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:20];

/*————–在数组末尾添加对象—————-*/

//- (void) addObject: (id) anObject;

NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:

@"On<wbr>e",@"Two",@"Three",nil];</wbr>

[array addObject:@"Four"];

NSLog(@”array:%@”,array);

/*————–删除数组中指定索引处对象—————-*/

//-(void) removeObjectAtIndex: (unsigned) index;

NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:

@"On<wbr>e",@"Two",@"Three",nil];</wbr>

[array removeObjectAtIndex:1];

NSLog(@”array:%@”,array);

/*————-数组枚举—————*/

//- (NSEnumerator *)objectEnumerator;从前向后

NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:

@"On<wbr>e",@"Two",@"Three",nil];</wbr>

NSEnumerator *enumerator;

enumerator = [array objectEnumerator];

id thingie;

while (thingie = [enumerator nextObject]) {

NSLog(@”thingie:%@”,thingie);

}

//- (NSEnumerator *)reverseObjectEnumerator;从后向前

NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:

@"On<wbr>e",@"Two",@"Three",nil];</wbr>

NSEnumerator *enumerator;

enumerator = [array reverseObjectEnumerator];

id object;

while (object = [enumerator nextObject]) {

NSLog(@”object:%@”,object);

}

//快速枚举

NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:

@"On<wbr>e",@"Two",@"Three",nil];</wbr>

for(NSString *string in array)

{

NSLog(@”string:%@”,string);

}

/*******************************************************************************************

NSDictionary

*******************************************************************************************/

/*————————————创建字典————————————*/

//- (id) initWithObjectsAndKeys;

NSDictionary *dictionary = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjectsAndKeys:@”On<wbr>e”,@”1″,@”Two”,@”2″,@”Three”,@”3″,nil];</wbr>

NSString *string = [dictionary objectForKey:@"On<wbr>e"];</wbr>

NSLog(@”string:%@”,string);

NSLog(@”dictionary:%@”,dictionary);

[dictionary release];

/*******************************************************************************************

NSMutableDictionary

*******************************************************************************************/

/*————————————创建可变字典————————————*/

//创建

NSMutableDictionary *dictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

//添加字典

[dictionary setObject:@"On<wbr>e" forKey:@"1"];</wbr>

[dictionary setObject:@"Two" forKey:@"2"];

[dictionary setObject:@"Three" forKey:@"3"];

[dictionary setObject:@"Four" forKey:@"4"];

NSLog(@”dictionary:%@”,dictionary);

//删除指定的字典

[dictionary removeObjectForKey:@"3"];

NSLog(@”dictionary:%@”,dictionary);

/*******************************************************************************************

NSValue（对任何对象进行包装）

*******************************************************************************************/

/*——————————–将NSRect放入NSArray中————————————*/

//将NSRect放入NSArray中

NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

NSValue *value;

CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 480);

value = [NSValue valueWithBytes:&rect objCType:@encode(CGRect)];

[array addObject:value];

NSLog(@”array:%@”,array);

//从Array中提取

value = [array objectAtIndex:0];

[value getValue:&rect];

NSLog(@”value:%@”,value);

/*******************************************************************************************

从目录搜索扩展名为jpg的文件

*******************************************************************************************/

NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];

NSString *home;

home = @”../Users/”;

NSDirectoryEnumerator *direnum;

direnum = [fileManager enumeratorAtPath: home];

NSMutableArray *files = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

//枚举

NSString *filename;

while (filename = [direnum nextObject]) {

if([[filename pathExtension] hasSuffix:@”jpg”]){

[files addObject:filename];

}

}

//快速枚举

//for(NSString *filename in direnum)

//{

// if([[filename pathExtension] isEqualToString:@”jpg”]){

// [files addObject:filename];

// }

//}

NSLog(@”files:%@”,files);

//枚举

NSEnumerator *filenum;

filenum = [files objectEnumerator];

while (filename = [filenum nextObject]) {

NSLog(@”filename:%@”,filename);

}

//快速枚举

//for(id object in files)

//{

// NSLog(@”object:%@”,object);

//}