Redis 发布订阅，事务，备份恢复，监控

Redis 发布订阅


##在一个客户端开启订阅频道redisChat
[redis@zabbix Desktop]$  redis-cli -h localhost -p 6379 -a redis
#订阅给定的一个或多个频道的信息
localhost:6379> SUBSCRIBE redisChat
Reading messages... (press Ctrl-C to quit)
1) "subscribe"
2) "redisChat"
3) (integer) 1

在另一个客户端向频道发布消息
[root@zabbix bin]# redis-cli -h localhost -p 6379 -a redis
#将信息发送到指定的频道。
localhost:6379> PUBLISH redisChat "Redis is a great caching technique"
(integer) 1
localhost:6379> 

这时候查看订阅客户端可以看到以下信息
1) "message"
2) "redisChat"
3) "Redis is a great caching technique"


Redis 事务

#标记一个事务块的开始。
localhost:6379> MULTI
OK
localhost:6379> set name donald
QUEUED
localhost:6379> get name
QUEUED
localhost:6379> sadd user rain jamel
QUEUED
localhost:6379> smembers user
QUEUED
#执行所有事务块内的命令
localhost:6379> exec
1) OK
2) "donald"
3) (integer) 2
4) 1) "rain"
   2) "jamel"
localhost:6379> 


Redis 连接

localhost:6379> auth redis
OK
localhost:6379> ping
PONG
localhost:6379> echo hello
"hello"
#切换数据库，默认数据库为0，最大为databases
# Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select
# a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where
# dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1
databases 16

localhost:6379> select 0
OK
localhost:6379> get name
"donald"
localhost:6379> smembers user
1) "rain"
2) "jamel"
localhost:6379> 



Redis 服务器

##服务器key数量
localhost:6379> dbsize
(integer) 3
##异步执行一个 AOF（AppendOnly File） 文件重写操作
localhost:6379> BGREWRITEAOF
Background append only file rewriting started
#在后台异步保存当前数据库的数据到磁盘
localhost:6379> BGSAVE
Background saving started
#获取服务器时间
localhost:6379> time
1) "1482283953"
2) "871588"
##服务器角色
localhost:6379> role
1) "master"
2) (integer) 0
3) (empty list or set)
##获取 Redis 服务器的各种信息和统计数值
localhost:6379> info

#服务器
# Server
redis_version:3.0.5
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:2b4372a303619568
redis_mode:standalone
os:Linux 3.10.0-327.22.2.el7.x86_64 x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:epoll
gcc_version:4.8.5
process_id:4839
run_id:887dbc822c9f9d497c05fc11cc34a6a822357c18
tcp_port:6379
uptime_in_seconds:1314
uptime_in_days:0
hz:10
lru_clock:5888962
config_file:/usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf

#客户端
# Clients
connected_clients:1
client_longest_output_list:0
client_biggest_input_buf:0
blocked_clients:0

#内存
# Memory
used_memory:815592
used_memory_human:796.48K
used_memory_rss:8212480
used_memory_peak:835392
used_memory_peak_human:815.81K
used_memory_lua:36864
mem_fragmentation_ratio:10.07
mem_allocator:jemalloc-3.6.0

##持久化状态
# Persistence
loading:0
rdb_changes_since_last_save:0
rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0
rdb_last_save_time:1482283929
rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok
rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:0
rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1
aof_enabled:1
aof_rewrite_in_progress:0
aof_rewrite_scheduled:0
aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:0
aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok
aof_last_write_status:ok
aof_current_size:172
aof_base_size:172
aof_pending_rewrite:0
aof_buffer_length:0
aof_rewrite_buffer_length:0
aof_pending_bio_fsync:0
aof_delayed_fsync:0
##
# Stats
total_connections_received:3
total_commands_processed:25
instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0
total_net_input_bytes:711
total_net_output_bytes:564
instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00
instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00
rejected_connections:0
sync_full:0
sync_partial_ok:0
sync_partial_err:0
expired_keys:0
evicted_keys:0
keyspace_hits:9
keyspace_misses:0
pubsub_channels:0
pubsub_patterns:0
latest_fork_usec:764
migrate_cached_sockets:0

##集群
# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:0
master_repl_offset:0
repl_backlog_active:0
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0
repl_backlog_histlen:0
##CPU
# CPU
used_cpu_sys:2.25
used_cpu_user:0.12
used_cpu_sys_children:0.35
used_cpu_user_children:0.00

# Cluster
cluster_enabled:0

# Keyspace
db0:keys=3,expires=0,avg_ttl=0
localhost:6379> 
#实时打印出 Redis 服务器接收到的命令，调试用
localhost:6379> MONITOR
OK
1482284030.614149 [0 127.0.0.1:46386] "AUTH" "redis"
1482284033.695838 [0 127.0.0.1:46386] "get" "name"
1482284045.407687 [0 127.0.0.1:46386] "set" "name" "rain"
#删除当前数据库的所有key
localhost:6379> FLUSHDB
OK
localhost:6379> dbsize
(integer) 0
localhost:6379> 

Redis 数据备份与恢复

localhost:6379> 
#创建redis 备份文件也可以使用命令 BGSAVE，该命令在后台执行
localhost:6379> bgsave
Background saving started
恢复数据
如果需要恢复数据，只需将备份文件 (dump.rdb) 移动到 redis 安装目录并启动服务即可
##获取数据目录
localhost:6379> CONFIG GET dir
1) "dir"
2) "/redis/data"


Redis 安全

##获取验证密码
localhost:6379> CONFIG get requirepass
1) "requirepass"
2) "redis"
localhost:6379> 
localhost:6379> auth redis
OK
localhost:6379> 
#设置密码
CONFIG set requirepass "redis


Redis 客户端连接

#返回连接到 redis 服务的客户端列表
localhost:6379> client list
id=2 addr=127.0.0.1:46380 fd=7 name= age=2699 idle=140 flags=O db=0 sub=0 psub=0 multi=-1 qbuf=0 qbuf-free=0 obl=56 oll=0 omem=0 events=rw cmd=monitor
id=5 addr=127.0.0.1:46386 fd=6 name= age=1383 idle=0 flags=N db=0 sub=0 psub=0 multi=-1 qbuf=0 qbuf-free=32768 obl=0 oll=0 omem=0 events=r cmd=client
#设置当前连接的名称
localhost:6379> client setname rain
OK
#获取通过 CLIENT SETNAME 命令设置的服务名称
localhost:6379> client getname
"rain"