Build, Install, Configure and Run Apache Hadoop 2.2.0 in Microsoft Windows OS

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Hadoop生态圈(hadoop/hbase/pig/hive/zookeeper)

Good news for Hadoop developers who want to use Microsoft Windows OS for their development activities. Finally Apache Hadoop 2.2.0 release officially supports for running Hadoop on Microsoft Windows as well. But the bin distribution of Apache Hadoop 2.2.0release does not contain some windows native components (like winutils.exe, hadoop.dll etc). As a result, if we try to run Hadoop in windows, we'll encounter ERROR util.Shell: Failed to locate the winutils binary in the hadoop binary path.

In this article, I'll describe how to build bin native distribution from source codes, install, configure and run Hadoop in Windows Platform.

Tools and Technologies used in this article :

Build Hadoop bin distribution for Windows

Download and install Microsoft Windows SDK v7.1.
Download and install Unix command-line tool Cygwin.
Download and install Maven 3.1.1.
Download Protocol Buffers 2.5.0 and extract to a folder (say c:\protobuf).
Add Environment Variables JAVA_HOME, M2_HOME and Platform if not added already.
Add Environment Variables:

Note : Variable name Platform is case sensitive. And value will be either x64 or Win32 for building on a 64-bit or 32-bit system.

Edit Path Variable to add bin directory of Cygwin (say C:\cygwin64\bin), bin directory of Maven (say C:\maven\bin) and installation path of Protocol Buffers (say c:\protobuf).
Edit Path Variable:
Download hadoop-2.2.0-src.tar.gz and extract to a folder having short path (say c:\hdfs) to avoid runtime problem due to maximum path length limitation in Windows.

Select Start --> All Programs --> Microsoft Windows SDK v7.1 and open Windows SDK 7.1 Command Prompt. Change directory to Hadoop source code folder (c:\hdfs). Execute mvn package with options -Pdist,native-win -DskipTests -Dtar to create Windows binary tar distribution.

Windows SDK 7.1 Command Prompt

Setting SDK environment relative to C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1\.
Targeting Windows 7 x64 Debug
 

C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1>cd c:\hdfs
C:\hdfs>mvn package -Pdist,native-win -DskipTests -Dtar

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Build Order:
[INFO] 
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Main
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Project POM
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Annotations
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Assemblies
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Project Dist POM
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Maven Plugins
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Auth
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Auth Examples
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Common
[INFO] Apache Hadoop NFS
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Common Project
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HttpFS
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS BookKeeper Journal
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS-NFS
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS Project
[INFO] hadoop-yarn
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-api
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-common
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-common
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-nodemanager
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-web-proxy
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-resourcemanager
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-tests
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-client
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-core
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-site
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-project
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-common
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-app
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-plugins
[INFO] Apache Hadoop MapReduce Examples
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce
[INFO] Apache Hadoop MapReduce Streaming
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Distributed Copy
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Archives
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Rumen
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Gridmix
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Data Join
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Extras
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Pipes
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Tools Dist
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Tools
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Distribution
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Client
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Mini-
[INFO]                                                                         
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Apache Hadoop Main 2.2.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-enforcer-plugin:1.3.1:enforce (default) @ hadoop-main ---
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-site-plugin:3.0:attach-descriptor (attach-descriptor) @ hadoop-main ---

        

Note : I have pasted only the starting few lines of huge logs generated by maven. This building step requires Internet connection as Maven will download all the required dependencies.

If everything goes well in the previous step, then native distribution hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz will be created insideC:\hdfs\hadoop-dist\target\hadoop-2.2.0 directory.

Install Hadoop

Extract hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz to a folder (say c:\hadoop).
Add Environment Variable HADOOP_HOME and edit Path Variable to add bin directory of HADOOP_HOME (sayC:\hadoop\bin).
Add Environment Variables:

Configure Hadoop

Make following changes to configure Hadoop

File: C:\hadoop\etc\hadoop\core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--

  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 
    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 
  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->
 
<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
 
<configuration>

    <property>

        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>

        <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>

    </property>

</configuration>

fs.defaultFS:

The name of the default file system. A URI whose scheme and authority determine the FileSystem implementation. The uri's scheme determines the config property (fs.SCHEME.impl) naming the FileSystem implementation class. The uri's authority is used to determine the host, port, etc. for a filesystem.

File: C:\hadoop\etc\hadoop\hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--

  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 
    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 
  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->
 
<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
 
<configuration>

    <property>

        <name>dfs.replication</name>

        <value>1</value>

    </property>

    <property>

        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>

        <value>file:/hadoop/data/dfs/namenode</value>

    </property>

    <property>

        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>

        <value>file:/hadoop/data/dfs/datanode</value>

    </property>

</configuration>

dfs.replication:

Default block replication. The actual number of replications can be specified when the file is created. The default is used if replication is not specified in create time.

dfs.namenode.name.dir:

Determines where on the local filesystem the DFS name node should store the name table(fsimage). If this is a comma-delimited list of directories then the name table is replicated in all of the directories, for redundancy.

dfs.datanode.data.dir:

Determines where on the local filesystem an DFS data node should store its blocks. If this is a comma-delimited list of directories, then data will be stored in all named directories, typically on different devices. Directories that do not exist are ignored.

Note : Create namenode and datanode directory under c:/hadoop/data/dfs/.

File: C:\hadoop\etc\hadoop\yarn-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!--

  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 
    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 
  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->

<configuration>

    <property>

       <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>

       <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>

    </property>

    <property>

       <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>

       <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>

    </property>

</configuration>

yarn.nodemanager.aux-services:

The auxiliary service name. Default value is omapreduce_shuffle

yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class:

The auxiliary service class to use. Default value is org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler

File: C:\hadoop\etc\hadoop\mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--

  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 
    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 
  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->
 
<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
 
<configuration>

    <property>

       <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>

       <value>yarn</value>

    </property>

</configuration>

mapreduce.framework.name:

The runtime framework for executing MapReduce jobs. Can be one of local, classic or yarn.

Format namenode

For the first time only, namenode needs to be formatted.

Command Prompt

Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601]
Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
 
C:\Users\abhijitg>cd c:\hadoop\bin
 
c:\hadoop\bin>hdfs namenode -format

13/11/03 18:07:47 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG:
/************************************************************
STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode

STARTUP_MSG:   host = ABHIJITG/x.x.x.x

STARTUP_MSG:   args = [-format]
STARTUP_MSG:   version = 2.2.0
STARTUP_MSG:   classpath = <classpath jars here>
STARTUP_MSG:   build = Unknown -r Unknown; compiled by ABHIJITG on 2013-11-01T13:42Z
STARTUP_MSG:   java = 1.7.0_03
************************************************************/
Formatting using clusterid: CID-1af0bd9f-efee-4d4e-9f03-a0032c22e5eb

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO namenode.HostFileManager: read includes:
HostSet(
)

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO namenode.HostFileManager: read excludes:
HostSet(
)

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO blockmanagement.DatanodeManager: dfs.block.invalidate.limit=1000

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map BlocksMap

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO util.GSet: VM type       = 64-bit

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO util.GSet: 2.0% max memory = 888.9 MB

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO util.GSet: capacity      = 2^21 = 2097152 entries

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: dfs.block.access.token.enable=false

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: defaultReplication         = 1

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxReplication             = 512

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: minReplication             = 1

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxReplicationStreams      = 2

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: shouldCheckForEnoughRacks  = false

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: replicationRecheckInterval = 3000

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: encryptDataTransfer        = false

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner             = ABHIJITG (auth:SIMPLE)

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup          = supergroup

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled = true

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: HA Enabled: false

13/11/03 18:07:48 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Append Enabled: true

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map INodeMap

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO util.GSet: VM type       = 64-bit

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO util.GSet: 1.0% max memory = 888.9 MB

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO util.GSet: capacity      = 2^20 = 1048576 entries

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO namenode.NameNode: Caching file names occuring more than 10 times

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.threshold-pct = 0.9990000128746033

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.min.datanodes = 0

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.extension     = 30000

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Retry cache on namenode is enabled

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Retry cache will use 0.03 of total heap and retry cache entry expiry time
is 600000 millis

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map Namenode Retry Cache

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO util.GSet: VM type       = 64-bit

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO util.GSet: 0.029999999329447746% max memory = 888.9 MB

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO util.GSet: capacity      = 2^15 = 32768 entries

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory \hadoop\data\dfs\namenode has been successfully formatted.

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO namenode.FSImage: Saving image file \hadoop\data\dfs\namenode\current\fsimage.ckpt_00000000000000
00000 using no compression

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO namenode.FSImage: Image file \hadoop\data\dfs\namenode\current\fsimage.ckpt_0000000000000000000 o

f size 200 bytes saved in 0 seconds.

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO namenode.NNStorageRetentionManager: Going to retain 1 images with txid >= 0

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO util.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 0

13/11/03 18:07:49 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:
/************************************************************

SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at ABHIJITG/x.x.x.x
************************************************************/

Start HDFS (Namenode and Datanode)

Command Prompt

1 2	`C:\Users\abhijitg>cd` `c:\hadoop\sbin` `c:\hadoop\sbin>start-dfs`

Two separate Command Prompt windows will be opened automatically to run Namenode and Datanode.

Start MapReduce aka YARN (Resource Manager and Node Manager)

Command Prompt

1

2

3

C:\Users\abhijitg>cd c:\hadoop\sbin
c:\hadoop\sbin>start-yarn
starting yarn daemons

Similarly, two separate Command Prompt windows will be opened automatically to run Resource Manager and Node Manager.

Command Prompt - Resource Manager & Node Manager

Verify Installation

If everything goes well then you will be able to open the Resource Manager and Node Manager at http://localhost:8042 andNamenode at http://localhost:50070.

Node Manager: http://localhost:8042/

Browser - Resource manager and Node manager

Namenode: http://localhost:50070

Stop HDFS & MapReduce

Command Prompt

C:\Users\abhijitg>cd c:\hadoop\sbin
c:\hadoop\sbin>stop-dfs
SUCCESS: Sent termination signal to the process with PID 876.
SUCCESS: Sent termination signal to the process with PID 3848.
 
c:\hadoop\sbin>stop-yarn
stopping yarn daemons
SUCCESS: Sent termination signal to the process with PID 5920.
SUCCESS: Sent termination signal to the process with PID 7612.
 
INFO: No tasks running with the specified criteria.

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