CentOS Nginx PHP MySQL Memcached 安装 配置 优化 （二）

接上篇  CentOS Nginx PHP MySQL Memcached 安装 配置 优化

四、配置篇
4.1 mysql配置

1. mkdir -p /var/mysql/
   
2. mkdir -p /var/mysql/data/
   
3. mkdir -p /var/mysql/log/
   
4. chown -R mysql:mysql /var/mysql/
   
5. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db \
   
6. --defaults-file=/var/mysql/my.cnf \
   
7. --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
   
8. --datadir=/var/mysql/data \
   
9. --user=mysql
   
10. vi /var/mysql/my.cnf

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请复制以下内容至 my.cnf 文件：

1. 
   
2. [client]
   
3. #character-set-server = utf8
   
4. port = 3306
   
5. socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
   
6. [mysqld]
   
7. character-set-server = utf8
   
8. replicate-ignore-db = mysql
   
9. replicate-ignore-db = test
   
10. replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
    
11. user = mysql
    
12. port = 3306
    
13. socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
    
14. basedir = /usr/local/mysql
    
15. datadir = /var/mysql/data
    
16. log-error = /var/mysql/log/error.log
    
17. pid-file = /var/mysql/mysql.pid
    
18. open_files_limit = 10240
    
19. back_log = 600
    
20. max_connections = 5000
    
21. max_connect_errors = 6000
    
22. table_cache = 614
    
23. external-locking = FALSE
    
24. max_allowed_packet = 32M
    
25. sort_buffer_size = 1M
    
26. join_buffer_size = 1M
    
27. thread_cache_size = 300
    
28. #thread_concurrency = 8
    
29. query_cache_size = 512M
    
30. query_cache_limit = 2M
    
31. query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
    
32. default-storage-engine = MyISAM
    
33. thread_stack = 192K
    
34. transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
    
35. tmp_table_size = 246M
    
36. max_heap_table_size = 246M
    
37. long_query_time = 3
    
38. log-slave-updates
    
39. log-bin = /var/mysql/log/binlog
    
40. binlog_cache_size = 4M
    
41. binlog_format = MIXED
    
42. max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
    
43. max_binlog_size = 1G
    
44. relay-log-index = /var/mysql/log/relaylog
    
45. relay-log-info-file = /var/mysql/log/relaylog
    
46. relay-log = /var/mysql/log/relaylog
    
47. expire_logs_days = 30
    
48. key_buffer_size = 256M
    
49. read_buffer_size = 1M
    
50. read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
    
51. bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
    
52. myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
    
53. myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
    
54. myisam_repair_threads = 1
    
55. myisam_recover
    
56. interactive_timeout = 120
    
57. wait_timeout = 120
    
58. skip-name-resolve
    
59. #master-connect-retry = 10
    
60. slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396
    
61. #master-host = 192.168.1.2
    
62. #master-user = username
    
63. #master-password = password
    
64. #master-port = 3306
    
65. 
    
66. server-id = 1
    
67. innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
    
68. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
    
69. innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:256M:autoextend
    
70. innodb_file_io_threads = 4
    
71. innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
    
72. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
    
73. innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
    
74. innodb_log_file_size = 128M
    
75. innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
    
76. innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
    
77. innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
    
78. innodb_file_per_table = 0
    
79. #log-slow-queries = /var/mysql/log/slow.log
    
80. #long_query_time = 10
    
81. [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32M
    

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4.2 PHP配置

1. vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

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查找 extension_dir = "ext"（809行左右），在后面添加以下几行：

1. extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/"
   
2. extension=apc.so
   
3. extension=imagick.so
   
4. extension=memcache.so

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按shift+g键跳到配置文件的末尾，添加以下配置信息：

1. [APC]
   
2. apc.enabled=1
   
3. apc.ttl=7200
   
4. apc.shm_size=32

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4.3 PHP-FPM配置

1. cd /usr/local/php/etc/
   
2. cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
   
3. vi php-fpm.conf

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请根据以下内容修改文件 php-fpm.conf 的具体内容：

1. 
   
2. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
   
3. ; FPM Configuration ;
   
4. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
   
5. 
   
6. ; All relative paths in this configuration file are relative to PHP's install
   
7. ; prefix (/usr/local/web/php). This prefix can be dynamicaly changed by using the
   
8. ; '-p' argument from the command line.
   
9. 
   
10. ; Include one or more files. If glob(3) exists, it is used to include a bunch of
    
11. ; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the
    
12. ; file.
    
13. ; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:
    
14. ;  - the global prefix if it's been set (-p arguement)
    
15. ;  - /usr/local/web/php otherwise
    
16. ;include=etc/fpm.d/*.conf
    
17. 
    
18. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
    
19. ; Global Options ;
    
20. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
    
21. 
    
22. [global]
    
23. ; Pid file
    
24. ; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/web/php/var
    
25. ; Default Value: none
    
26. ;pid = run/php-fpm.pid
    
27. pid = /var/run/php-fpm.pid
    
28. 
    
29. ; Error log file
    
30. ; If it's set to "syslog", log is sent to syslogd instead of being written
    
31. ; in a local file.
    
32. ; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/web/php/var
    
33. ; Default Value: log/php-fpm.log
    
34. ;error_log = log/php-fpm.log
    
35. error_log = /var/log/php-fpm.log
    
36. 
    
37. ; syslog_facility is used to specify what type of program is logging the
    
38. ; message. This lets syslogd specify that messages from different facilities
    
39. ; will be handled differently.
    
40. ; See syslog(3) for possible values (ex daemon equiv LOG_DAEMON)
    
41. ; Default Value: daemon
    
42. ;syslog.facility = daemon
    
43. 
    
44. ; syslog_ident is prepended to every message. If you have multiple FPM
    
45. ; instances running on the same server, you can change the default value
    
46. ; which must suit common needs.
    
47. ; Default Value: php-fpm
    
48. ;syslog.ident = php-fpm
    
49. 
    
50. ; Log level
    
51. ; Possible Values: alert, error, warning, notice, debug
    
52. ; Default Value: notice
    
53. ;log_level = notice
    
54. 
    
55. ; If this number of child processes exit with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS within the time
    
56. ; interval set by emergency_restart_interval then FPM will restart. A value
    
57. ; of '0' means 'Off'.
    
58. ; Default Value: 0
    
59. ;emergency_restart_threshold = 0
    
60. emergency_restart_threshold = 10
    
61. 
    
62. ; Interval of time used by emergency_restart_interval to determine when
    
63. ; a graceful restart will be initiated.  This can be useful to work around
    
64. ; accidental corruptions in an accelerator's shared memory.
    
65. ; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
    
66. ; Default Unit: seconds
    
67. ; Default Value: 0
    
68. ;emergency_restart_interval = 0
    
69. emergency_restart_interval = 1m
    
70. 
    
71. ; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master.
    
72. ; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
    
73. ; Default Unit: seconds
    
74. ; Default Value: 0
    
75. ;process_control_timeout = 0
    
76. process_control_timeout = 5m
    
77. 
    
78. ; The maximum number of processes FPM will fork. This has been design to control
    
79. ; the global number of processes when using dynamic PM within a lot of pools.
    
80. ; Use it with caution.
    
81. ; Note: A value of 0 indicates no limit
    
82. ; Default Value: 0
    
83. ; process.max = 128
    
84. 
    
85. ; Send FPM to background. Set to 'no' to keep FPM in foreground for debugging.
    
86. ; Default Value: yes
    
87. ;daemonize = yes
    
88. daemonize = yes
    
89. 
    
90. ; Set open file descriptor rlimit for the master process.
    
91. ; Default Value: system defined value
    
92. ;rlimit_files = 1024
    
93. rlimit_files = 65535
    
94. 
    
95. ; Set max core size rlimit for the master process.
    
96. ; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
    
97. ; Default Value: system defined value
    
98. ;rlimit_core = 0
    
99. rlimit_core = 0
    
100. 
     
101. ; Specify the event mechanism FPM will use. The following is available:
     
102. ; - select     (any POSIX os)
     
103. ; - poll       (any POSIX os)
     
104. ; - epoll      (linux >= 2.5.44)
     
105. ; - kqueue     (FreeBSD >= 4.1, OpenBSD >= 2.9, NetBSD >= 2.0)
     
106. ; - /dev/poll  (Solaris >= 7)
     
107. ; - port       (Solaris >= 10)
     
108. ; Default Value: not set (auto detection)
     
109. ; events.mechanism = epoll
     
110. 
     
111. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
     
112. ; Pool Definitions ;
     
113. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
     
114. 
     
115. ; Multiple pools of child processes may be started with different listening
     
116. ; ports and different management options.  The name of the pool will be
     
117. ; used in logs and stats. There is no limitation on the number of pools which
     
118. ; FPM can handle. Your system will tell you anyway :)
     
119. 
     
120. ; Start a new pool named 'www'.
     
121. ; the variable $pool can we used in any directive and will be replaced by the
     
122. ; pool name ('www' here)
     
123. [www]
     
124. 
     
125. ; Per pool prefix
     
126. ; It only applies on the following directives:
     
127. ; - 'slowlog'
     
128. ; - 'listen' (unixsocket)
     
129. ; - 'chroot'
     
130. ; - 'chdir'
     
131. ; - 'php_values'
     
132. ; - 'php_admin_values'
     
133. ; When not set, the global prefix (or /usr/local/web/php) applies instead.
     
134. ; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix.
     
135. ; Default Value: none
     
136. ;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool
     
137. 
     
138. ; Unix user/group of processes
     
139. ; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
     
140. ;       will be used.
     
141. user = www
     
142. group = www
     
143. ;user = nobody
     
144. ;group = nobody
     
145. 
     
146. ; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
     
147. ; Valid syntaxes are:
     
148. ;   'ip.add.re.ss:port'    - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific address on
     
149. ;                            a specific port;
     
150. ;   'port'                 - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses on a
     
151. ;                            specific port;
     
152. ;   '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
     
153. ; Note: This value is mandatory.
     
154. listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
     
155. 
     
156. ; Set listen(2) backlog.
     
157. ; Default Value: 128 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)
     
158. ;listen.backlog = 128
     
159. 
     
160. ; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write
     
161. ; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many
     
162. ; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
     
163. ; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
     
164. ;                 mode is set to 0666
     
165. ;listen.owner = nobody
     
166. ;listen.group = nobody
     
167. ;listen.mode = 0666
     
168. 
     
169. ; List of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect.
     
170. ; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original
     
171. ; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address
     
172. ; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be
     
173. ; accepted from any ip address.
     
174. ; Default Value: any
     
175. ;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
     
176. 
     
177. ; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes.
     
178. ; Possible Values:
     
179. ;   static  - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes;
     
180. ;   dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the
     
181. ;             following directives. With this process management, there will be
     
182. ;             always at least 1 children.
     
183. ;             pm.max_children      - the maximum number of children that can
     
184. ;                                    be alive at the same time.
     
185. ;             pm.start_servers     - the number of children created on startup.
     
186. ;             pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'
     
187. ;                                    state (waiting to process). If the number
     
188. ;                                    of 'idle' processes is less than this
     
189. ;                                    number then some children will be created.
     
190. ;             pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'
     
191. ;                                    state (waiting to process). If the number
     
192. ;                                    of 'idle' processes is greater than this
     
193. ;                                    number then some children will be killed.
     
194. ;  ondemand - no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when
     
195. ;             new requests will connect. The following parameter are used:
     
196. ;             pm.max_children           - the maximum number of children that
     
197. ;                                         can be alive at the same time.
     
198. ;             pm.process_idle_timeout   - The number of seconds after which
     
199. ;                                         an idle process will be killed.
     
200. ; Note: This value is mandatory.
     
201. pm = dynamic
     
202. 
     
203. ; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the
     
204. ; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.
     
205. ; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
     
206. ; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
     
207. ; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
     
208. ; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't
     
209. ; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.
     
210. ; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'
     
211. ; Note: This value is mandatory.
     
212. pm.max_children = 128
     
213. 
     
214. ; The number of child processes created on startup.
     
215. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
     
216. ; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2
     
217. pm.start_servers = 8
     
218. 
     
219. ; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
     
220. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
     
221. ; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
     
222. pm.min_spare_servers = 8
     
223. 
     
224. ; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
     
225. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
     
226. ; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
     
227. pm.max_spare_servers = 64
     
228. 
     
229. ; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed.
     
230. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'ondemand'
     
231. ; Default Value: 10s
     
232. ;pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s;
     
233. 
     
234. ; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.
     
235. ; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For
     
236. ; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.
     
237. ; Default Value: 0
     
238. ;pm.max_requests = 500
     
239. pm.max_requests = 1024
     
240. 
     
241. ; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be
     
242. ; recognized as a status page. It shows the following informations:
     
243. ;   pool                 - the name of the pool;
     
244. ;   process manager      - static, dynamic or ondemand;
     
245. ;   start time           - the date and time FPM has started;
     
246. ;   start since          - number of seconds since FPM has started;
     
247. ;   accepted conn        - the number of request accepted by the pool;
     
248. ;   listen queue         - the number of request in the queue of pending
     
249. ;                          connections (see backlog in listen(2));
     
250. ;   max listen queue     - the maximum number of requests in the queue
     
251. ;                          of pending connections since FPM has started;
     
252. ;   listen queue len     - the size of the socket queue of pending connections;
     
253. ;   idle processes       - the number of idle processes;
     
254. ;   active processes     - the number of active processes;
     
255. ;   total processes      - the number of idle + active processes;
     
256. ;   max active processes - the maximum number of active processes since FPM
     
257. ;                          has started;
     
258. ;   max children reached - number of times, the process limit has been reached,
     
259. ;                          when pm tries to start more children (works only for
     
260. ;                          pm 'dynamic' and 'ondemand');
     
261. ; Value are updated in real time.
     
262. ; Example output:
     
263. ;   pool:                 www
     
264. ;   process manager:      static
     
265. ;   start time:           01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
     
266. ;   start since:          62636
     
267. ;   accepted conn:        190460
     
268. ;   listen queue:         0
     
269. ;   max listen queue:     1
     
270. ;   listen queue len:     42
     
271. ;   idle processes:       4
     
272. ;   active processes:     11
     
273. ;   total processes:      15
     
274. ;   max active processes: 12
     
275. ;   max children reached: 0
     
276. ;
     
277. ; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either
     
278. ; 'html', 'xml' or 'json' in the query string will return the corresponding
     
279. ; output syntax. Example:
     
280. ;   http://www.foo.bar/status
     
281. ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?json
     
282. ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?html
     
283. ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?xml
     
284. ;
     
285. ; By default the status page only outputs short status. Passing 'full' in the
     
286. ; query string will also return status for each pool process.
     
287. ; Example:
     
288. ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?full
     
289. ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?json&full
     
290. ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?html&full
     
291. ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?xml&full
     
292. ; The Full status returns for each process:
     
293. ;   pid                  - the PID of the process;
     
294. ;   state                - the state of the process (Idle, Running, ...);
     
295. ;   start time           - the date and time the process has started;
     
296. ;   start since          - the number of seconds since the process has started;
     
297. ;   requests             - the number of requests the process has served;
     
298. ;   request duration     - the duration in μs of the requests;
     
299. ;   request method       - the request method (GET, POST, ...);
     
300. ;   request URI          - the request URI with the query string;
     
301. ;   content length       - the content length of the request (only with POST);
     
302. ;   user                 - the user (PHP_AUTH_USER) (or '-' if not set);
     
303. ;   script               - the main script called (or '-' if not set);
     
304. ;   last request cpu     - the %cpu the last request consumed
     
305. ;                          it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
     
306. ;                          because CPU calculation is done when the request
     
307. ;                          processing has terminated;
     
308. ;   last request memory  - the max amount of memory the last request consumed
     
309. ;                          it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
     
310. ;                          because memory calculation is done when the request
     
311. ;                          processing has terminated;
     
312. ; If the process is in Idle state, then informations are related to the
     
313. ; last request the process has served. Otherwise informations are related to
     
314. ; the current request being served.
     
315. ; Example output:
     
316. ;   ************************
     
317. ;   pid:                  31330
     
318. ;   state:                Running
     
319. ;   start time:           01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
     
320. ;   start since:          63087
     
321. ;   requests:             12808
     
322. ;   request duration:     1250261
     
323. ;   request method:       GET
     
324. ;   request URI:          /test_mem.php?N=10000
     
325. ;   content length:       0
     
326. ;   user:                 -
     
327. ;   script:               /home/fat/web/docs/php/test_mem.php
     
328. ;   last request cpu:     0.00
     
329. ;   last request memory:  0
     
330. ;
     
331. ; Note: There is a real-time FPM status monitoring sample web page available
     
332. ;       It's available in: ${prefix}/share/fpm/status.html
     
333. ;
     
334. ; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
     
335. ;       anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
     
336. ;       may conflict with a real PHP file.
     
337. ; Default Value: not set
     
338. pm.status_path = /status
     
339. 
     
340. ; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no
     
341. ; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside
     
342. ; that FPM is alive and responding, or to
     
343. ; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such);
     
344. ; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing);
     
345. ; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7).
     
346. ; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
     
347. ;       anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
     
348. ;       may conflict with a real PHP file.
     
349. ; Default Value: not set
     
350. ;ping.path = /ping
     
351. 
     
352. ; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The
     
353. ; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code.
     
354. ; Default Value: pong
     
355. ;ping.response = pong
     
356. 
     
357. ; The access log file
     
358. ; Default: not set
     
359. ;access.log = log/$pool.access.log
     
360. 
     
361. ; The access log format.
     
362. ; The following syntax is allowed
     
363. ;  %%: the '%' character
     
364. ;  %C: %CPU used by the request
     
365. ;      it can accept the following format:
     
366. ;      - %{user}C for user CPU only
     
367. ;      - %{system}C for system CPU only
     
368. ;      - %{total}C  for user + system CPU (default)
     
369. ;  %d: time taken to serve the request
     
370. ;      it can accept the following format:
     
371. ;      - %{seconds}d (default)
     
372. ;      - %{miliseconds}d
     
373. ;      - %{mili}d
     
374. ;      - %{microseconds}d
     
375. ;      - %{micro}d
     
376. ;  %e: an environment variable (same as $_ENV or $_SERVER)
     
377. ;      it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the env
     
378. ;      variable. Some exemples:
     
379. ;      - server specifics like: %{REQUEST_METHOD}e or %{SERVER_PROTOCOL}e
     
380. ;      - HTTP headers like: %{HTTP_HOST}e or %{HTTP_USER_AGENT}e
     
381. ;  %f: script filename
     
382. ;  %l: content-length of the request (for POST request only)
     
383. ;  %m: request method
     
384. ;  %M: peak of memory allocated by PHP
     
385. ;      it can accept the following format:
     
386. ;      - %{bytes}M (default)
     
387. ;      - %{kilobytes}M
     
388. ;      - %{kilo}M
     
389. ;      - %{megabytes}M
     
390. ;      - %{mega}M
     
391. ;  %n: pool name
     
392. ;  %o: ouput header
     
393. ;      it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the header:
     
394. ;      - %{Content-Type}o
     
395. ;      - %{X-Powered-By}o
     
396. ;      - %{Transfert-Encoding}o
     
397. ;      - ....
     
398. ;  %p: PID of the child that serviced the request
     
399. ;  %P: PID of the parent of the child that serviced the request
     
400. ;  %q: the query string
     
401. ;  %Q: the '?' character if query string exists
     
402. ;  %r: the request URI (without the query string, see %q and %Q)
     
403. ;  %R: remote IP address
     
404. ;  %s: status (response code)
     
405. ;  %t: server time the request was received
     
406. ;      it can accept a strftime(3) format:
     
407. ;      %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
     
408. ;  %T: time the log has been written (the request has finished)
     
409. ;      it can accept a strftime(3) format:
     
410. ;      %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
     
411. ;  %u: remote user
     
412. ;
     
413. ; Default: "%R - %u %t \"%m %r\" %s"
     
414. ;access.format = "%R - %u %t \"%m %r%Q%q\" %s %f %{mili}d %{kilo}M %C%%"
     
415. 
     
416. ; The log file for slow requests
     
417. ; Default Value: not set
     
418. ; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set
     
419. ;slowlog = log/$pool.log.slow
     
420. slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm.log.slow
     
421. 
     
422. ; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be
     
423. ; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'.
     
424. ; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
     
425. ; Default Value: 0
     
426. ;request_slowlog_timeout = 0
     
427. request_slowlog_timeout = 30s
     
428. 
     
429. ; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will
     
430. ; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option
     
431. ; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'.
     
432. ; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
     
433. ; Default Value: 0
     
434. ;request_terminate_timeout = 0
     
435. 
     
436. ; Set open file descriptor rlimit.
     
437. ; Default Value: system defined value
     
438. ;rlimit_files = 1024
     
439. 
     
440. ; Set max core size rlimit.
     
441. ; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
     
442. ; Default Value: system defined value
     
443. ;rlimit_core = 0
     
444. 
     
445. ; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an
     
446. ; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used.
     
447. ; Note: you can prefix with '$prefix' to chroot to the pool prefix or one
     
448. ; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix
     
449. ; will be used instead.
     
450. ; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever
     
451. ;       possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot
     
452. ;       (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...).
     
453. ; Default Value: not set
     
454. ;chroot =
     
455. 
     
456. ; Chdir to this directory at the start.
     
457. ; Note: relative path can be used.
     
458. ; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot
     
459. ;chdir = /var/www
     
460. chdir = /var/www
     
461. 
     
462. ; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and
     
463. ; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs.
     
464. ; Note: on highloaded environement, this can cause some delay in the page
     
465. ; process time (several ms).
     
466. ; Default Value: no
     
467. ;catch_workers_output = yes
     
468. 
     
469. ; Limits the extensions of the main script FPM will allow to parse. This can
     
470. ; prevent configuration mistakes on the web server side. You should only limit
     
471. ; FPM to .php extensions to prevent malicious users to use other extensions to
     
472. ; exectute php code.
     
473. ; Note: set an empty value to allow all extensions.
     
474. ; Default Value: .php
     
475. ;security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5
     
476. 
     
477. ; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from
     
478. ; the current environment.
     
479. ; Default Value: clean env
     
480. ;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
     
481. ;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
     
482. ;env[TMP] = /tmp
     
483. ;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
     
484. ;env[TEMP] = /tmp
     
485. 
     
486. ; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings
     
487. ; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the
     
488. ; same as the PHP SAPI:
     
489. ;   php_value/php_flag             - you can set classic ini defines which can
     
490. ;                                    be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'.
     
491. ;   php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won't be overwritten by
     
492. ;                                     PHP call 'ini_set'
     
493. ; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no.
     
494. 
     
495. ; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from
     
496. ; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not
     
497. ; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value
     
498. ; instead.
     
499. 
     
500. ; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix
     
501. ; (pool, global or /usr/local/web/php)
     
502. 
     
503. ; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and
     
504. ;                specified at startup with the -d argument
     
505. ;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f [e-mail]
     
506. ;php_flag[display_errors] = off
     
507. ;php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log
     
508. ;php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on
     
509. ;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M
     

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4.3Nginx配置

1. 
   
2. cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
   
3. cp nginx.conf.default nginx.conf
   
4. vi nginx.conf

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请根据以下内容修改文件 nginx.conf 的具体内容：

1. 
   
2. 
   
3. 
   
4. #user  nobody;
   
5. user  www www;
   
6. worker_processes  4;
   
7. 
   
8. error_log  /var/log/nginx_error.log crit;
   
9. #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
   
10. #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
    
11. 
    
12. #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
    
13. pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
    
14. 
    
15. 
    
16. events {
    
17.     worker_connections  65535;
    
18. }
    
19. 
    
20. 
    
21. http {
    
22.     include       mime.types;
    
23.     default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
24. 
    
25.     #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    
26.     #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    
27.     #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    
28. 
    
29.     #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    
30.     charset utf-8;
    
31.     server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
    
32.     client_header_buffer_size 32k;
    
33.     large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
    
34.     client_max_body_size 8m;
    
35.     sendfile on;
    
36.     tcp_nopush on;
    
37. 
    
38.     #tcp_nopush     on;
    
39. 
    
40.     #keepalive_timeout  0;
    
41.     keepalive_timeout  65;
    
42. 
    
43.     tcp_nodelay on;
    
44.     fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
    
45.     fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    
46.     fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    
47.     fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
    
48.     fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
    
49.     fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
    
50.     fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
    
51.     #gzip  on;
    
52.     gzip on;
    
53.     gzip_min_length 1k;
    
54.     gzip_buffers 4 16k;
    
55.     gzip_http_version 1.0;
    
56.     gzip_comp_level 2;
    
57.     gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
    
58.     gzip_vary on;
    
59. 
    
60.     server {
    
61.         listen       80;
    
62.         server_name  localhost;
    
63. 
    
64.         index index.html index.htm index.php;
    
65.         root /var/www;
    
66.         #charset koi8-r;
    
67. 
    
68.         #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
69. 
    
70.         location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
    
71.                 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
    
72.                 fastcgi_index index.php;
    
73.                 include fastcgi.conf;
    
74.         }
    
75. 
    
76.         #error_page  404              /404.html;
    
77. 
    
78.         # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    
79.         #
    
80.         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    
81.         location = /50x.html {
    
82.             root   html;
    
83.         }
    
84. 
    
85.         # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    
86.         #
    
87.         #location ~ \.php$ {
    
88.         #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    
89.         #}
    
90. 
    
91.         # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    
92.         #
    
93.         #location ~ \.php$ {
    
94.         #    root           html;
    
95.         #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    
96.         #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    
97.         #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    
98.         #    include        fastcgi_params;
    
99.         #}
    
100. 
     
101.         # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
     
102.         # concurs with nginx's one
     
103.         #
     
104.         #location ~ /\.ht {
     
105.         #    deny  all;
     
106.         #}
     
107.         log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
     
108.                 '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
     
109.                 '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
     
110. 
     
111.         access_log  /var/log/access.log  main;
     
112.     }
     
113. 
     
114. 
     
115.     # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
     
116.     #
     
117.     #server {
     
118.     #    listen       8000;
     
119.     #    listen       somename:8080;
     
120.     #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
     
121. 
     
122.     #    location / {
     
123.     #        root   html;
     
124.     #        index  index.html index.htm;
     
125.     #    }
     
126.     #}
     
127. 
     
128. 
     
129.     # HTTPS server
     
130.     #
     
131.     #server {
     
132.     #    listen       443;
     
133.     #    server_name  localhost;
     
134. 
     
135.     #    ssl                  on;
     
136.     #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
     
137.     #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
     
138. 
     
139.     #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
     
140. 
     
141.     #    ssl_protocols  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
     
142.     #    ssl_ciphers  ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP;
     
143.     #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;
     
144. 
     
145.     #    location / {
     
146.     #        root   html;
     
147.     #        index  index.html index.htm;
     
148.     #    }
     
149.     #}
     
150. 
     
151. }
     

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五、启动篇
启动MySQL

1. 
   
2. cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/
   
3. chkconfig --add mysql.server ←加入service和开机启动
   
4. /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server start ←手动启动，下面设置root密码
   
5. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
   
6. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown ←手动关闭
   

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启动memcached

1. 
   
2. chmod 0777 /var/run ←允许普通用户程序写入pid文件
   
3. /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -p 11211 -d -u www -P /var/run/memcached.pid -m 64M -c 1024
   

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参考命令格式：
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -p 11211 -l 127.0.0.1 -d -u nobody -P /var/run/memcached.pid -m 64M -c 1024

几个参数的解释：
-p memcached监听的TCP端口
-l 监听的ip地址，127.0.0.1是本机，当然也可以写上你的服务器IP，如：61.150.91.26，这是我服务器的IP地址，如果你需要多个服务器都能够读取这台memcached的缓存数据，那么就必须设定这个ip
-d 以daemon方式运行，将程序放入后台
-u memcached的运行用户，我设定的是nobody
-P memcached的pid文件路径
-m memcached可以使用的最大内存数量
-c memcached同时可以接受的最大的连接数
如果你希望以socket方式来访问memcached，那么在启动的时候就必须去掉 -l和-p参数，并加上-s参数：
-s memcached的socket文件路径

启动mephp-fpm和nginx

1. 
   
2. ulimit -SHn 65535
   
3. /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
   
4. /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
   

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以将这3条语句写入/etc/rc.local文件，
这样每次开机就可以启动php-fpm和nginx了。

优化Linux内核参数

1. vi /etc/sysctl.conf

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在文件末尾增加以下内容：

1. 
   
2. # append
   
3. net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
   
4. net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768
   
5. net.core.somaxconn = 32768
   
6. 
   
7. net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
   
8. net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
   
9. net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
   
10. net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
    
11. 
    
12. net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
    
13. net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
    
14. net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2
    
15. net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
    
16. #net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1
    
17. net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
    
18. net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
    
19. net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
    
20. 
    
21. #net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
    
22. #net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
    
23. net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
    
24. 
    

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使配置立即生效：

1. /sbin/sysctl -p

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六． References & thanks
 http://blog.s135.com/nginx_php_v6/
 http://blog.csdn.net/shagoo/archive/2008/08/05/2772418.aspx
 http://php-fpm.org/download/
 http://janwer.javaeye.com/blog/210952
 http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/31547/showart_493408.html
 http://www.yanghengfei.com/archives/294/
 http://bbs.linuxsky.org/thread-5561-1-1.html