Perl之HTTP::Request

use URI::Escape;#URL编码

use JSON;

 

#发送GET请求

use LWP::Simple;

 

my $tmp = "您本次操作的验证码为：$code";

my $smsmsg = uri_escape_utf8($tmp); #URL编码

my $args="http://xxx?p=".$phone."&c=$smsmsg";

my $response = get($args);

 

或者：

use HTTP::Request;

use HTTP::Headers;

use LWP::UserAgent;

my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;

$ua->timeout(10); #设置超时时间10s, 默认是180s

my $header = HTTP::Headers->new( Content_Type => 'text/html; charset=utf8', ); #设置head

$request = HTTP::Request->new('GET', $url, $header);

my $response = $ua->request($request);

my $res = "";

if ($response->message ne "OK" && $response->is_success ne "1") { #出错，或者timeout了

    $res = "error or timeout";

} else {

    $res = decode("utf-8",$response->content);

}

 

 

#发送POST请求

use HTTP::Request;

use HTTP::Headers;

use LWP::UserAgent;

use JSON;

 

my $url="http://xxx?p=".$phone."&c=$smsmsg";

my $json = JSON->new();

my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new(); 

my $req = HTTP::Request->new('POST', $url); 

my $response = $ua->request($req);

my $ret = $json->decode($response->decoded_content());

 

#复杂点的,PSOT内容为xml格式，请求为https

my $request_xml = create_xml_data($tmp); #构造 xml格式的字符串

my $header = HTTP::Headers->new( Content_Type => 'text/xml; charset=utf8', );

my $http_request = HTTP::Request->new( POST => "https://xxx", $header, $request_xml);

my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new(ssl_opts => { verify_hostname => 0, SSL_verify_mode => 0x00 });

my $response = $ua->request($http_request);

 

# PSOT内容为JSON格式

my $header = HTTP::Headers->new( Content_Type => 'application/json; charset=utf8', );

my $param_json_str =$json->encode($post_data); #构造JSON格式的字符串

my $http_request = HTTP::Request->new( POST => "https://xxxxx", $header, $param_json_str );

 

#特殊POST， https服务器需要客户端上传证书

#以微信现金红包发放API为例，https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wiki/doc/api/tools/cash_coupon.php?chapter=13_4&index=3

#证书说明：https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wiki/doc/api/tools/cash_coupon.php?chapter=4_3

#

my $header = HTTP::Headers->new( Content_Type => 'text/xml; charset=utf8', );

my $http_request = HTTP::Request->new( POST => "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/mmpaymkttransfers/sendredpack", $header, $request_xml);

my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new(

  ssl_opts => { 

    verify_hostname => 0, 

    #SSL_verify_mode => 0x00, 

    #SSL_ca_file => '/var/wechat/rootca.pem' # 如果客户端也要去验证微信服务器，则需要导入CA证书

    SSL_use_cert => 1,

    SSL_cert_file => '/var/wechat/apiclient_cert.pem', # 证书文件pem格式

    SSL_key_file => '/var/wechat/apiclient_key.pem', # 证书密钥pem格式

    SSL_passwd_cb => sub { $config->{mch_id} },# 证书密码

  },

);

my $response = $ua->request($http_request);

 

 

#特殊POST，服务器要求Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded格式post

#必须采用下列方式，因为接口要求Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

#参考perl网站：https://metacpan.org/pod/HTTP::Request::Common

 

use HTTP::Request::Common

use LWP::UserAgent;

use JSON;

 

方式一：

my $response = $ua->request(POST 'https://xxxxx', 

    [

        distributionid => $ID,

        distributionkey => $KEY,

        request_type => 1,

        send_type => 1,

        industry => "互联网/电子商务",

        sent_way => 3,

        merchants => "xxxx",

        device_id => "9823413111"

      ]

);

 

方式二：

my $params = {

        distributionid => $ID,

        distributionkey => $KEY,

        request_type => 1,

        send_type => 1,

        industry => "互联网/电子商务",

        sent_way => 3,

        merchants => "xxxx",

        device_id => "9823413111"

};

 

my $tmp = join( '&',

map { sprintf( '%s=%s', $_, $params->{$_} ) } 

sort { $a cmp $b } keys %$params );

my $content = uri_escape_utf8($tmp); # 区别于方式一，这里需要自行做urlencode

my $header = HTTP::Headers->new( Content_Type => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf8', );

my $http_request = HTTP::Request->new( POST => 'https://xxxxx', $header, $content );

 

my $ret;

if ($response->message ne "OK" && $response->is_success ne "1") {

        $ret->{msg} = "error";

} else { 

        my $json = JSON->new();

        $ret = $json->decode($response->decoded_content());

}

 

 

# 使用代理方式发送请求

$ua->timeout(2);

$ua->proxy(['http'], "http://$proxyAddr");  # $proxyAddr 可以是ip加端口例如 "172.1.1.1:128"， 相应的也可以用https代理

 

# 添加http协议头

my @header = ( "Accept" => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",

        "Accept-Charset" => "utf-8, iso-8859-1, utf-16, *;q=0.7",

        "User_Agent" => "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 6.0.1; zh-cn; MI 3W Build/MMB29M)",

        "X-Requested-With" => "com.android.browser",

        #"X-Forward-For" => $ip

);

my $req = HTTP::Request->new( GET => $url);

$req->header(@header);

my $response = $ua->request($req);