Xamarin.Android 入门开发

一，HelloWorld

这个阶段主要完成目标：Xamarin价格收费标准考察和分析。Xamarin.Android 部署安装。第一个Xamarin.Android工程HelloWorld，熟悉Android工程新建、运行、打包整个流程。第二个Xamarin.Android工程，一个手机拨号应用；完成对Xamarin.android 开发的基本了解。

阶段结论：Xamarin.android 支持Android基本开发。

注意事项：Xamarin.android 所打包比原生系统所打包 大3.02M

1.1 新建一个solution

1.2 运行工程

1.3 导出应用程序

1.3.1 选择工程

选中HelloWorld工程，在Tabbar栏，project–>Publish Android Application

1.3.2 填写签名证书

1.3.3 选择存放位置以及文件名，点击Create生成一个安装包

1.4 代码结构介绍

1.5 Xamarin Studio 介绍

二，手机拨号应用

2.1 整体界面效果

2.2 应用实现以及涉及知识点：

2.2.1 axml 界面布局使用

与Android 在eclipse中开发类似：允许使用界面布局选择器Toolbox将布局控件拖拽到页面上。也允许在Source中进行代码实现。

2.2.2 组件获取

Button mBtnCall = FindViewById<Button> (Resource.Id.CallButton);

2.2.3 添加事件

 mBtnCall.Click += (object sender, EventArgs e) =>{};

2.2.4 对话框

var callDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
callDialog.SetMessage("Call " + translatedNumber + "?");
callDialog.SetNeutralButton("Call", delegate {
  // do other thing
});
callDialog.SetNegativeButton("Cancel", delegate { });
// Show the alert dialog to the user and wait for response.
callDialog.Show();

2.2.5 页面跳转

var intent = new Intent(this, typeof(CallHistoryActivity));
intent.PutStringArrayListExtra("phone_numbers", phoneNumbers);
StartActivity(intent);

2.2.6 打印输出

Console.WriteLine ("Test Output Str");

2.2.7 新建类

右键工程，选择Add 可以新建以下类文件

三，附上主要代码类：

using System.Text;
using System;
namespace PhoneCallDemo
{
		public static class PhonewordTranslator
		{
			public static string ToNumber(string raw)
			{
				if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(raw))
					return "";
				else
					raw = raw.ToUpperInvariant();
				var newNumber = new StringBuilder();
				foreach (var c in raw)
				{
					if (" -0123456789".Contains(c))
						newNumber.Append(c);
					else {
						var result = TranslateToNumber(c);
						if (result != null)
							newNumber.Append(result);
					}
					// otherwise we've skipped a non-numeric char
				}
				return newNumber.ToString();
			}
			static bool Contains (this string keyString, char c)
			{
				return keyString.IndexOf(c) >= 0;
			}
			static int? TranslateToNumber(char c)
			{
				if ("ABC".Contains(c))
					return 2;
				else if ("DEF".Contains(c))
					return 3;
				else if ("GHI".Contains(c))
					return 4;
				else if ("JKL".Contains(c))
					return 5;
				else if ("MNO".Contains(c))
					return 6;
				else if ("PQRS".Contains(c))
					return 7;
				else if ("TUV".Contains(c))
					return 8;
				else if ("WXYZ".Contains(c))
					return 9;
				return null;
			}
		}
	}

using System;
using Android.App;
using Android.Content;
using Android.Runtime;
using Android.Views;
using Android.Widget;
using Android.OS;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace PhoneCallDemo
{
	[Activity (Label = "PhoneCall", MainLauncher = true, Icon = "@drawable/icon")]
	public class MainActivity : Activity
	{
		static readonly List<string> phoneNumbers = new List<string>();
		protected override void OnCreate (Bundle bundle)
		{
			base.OnCreate (bundle);
			// Set our view from the "main" layout resource
			SetContentView (Resource.Layout.Main);
			// Get our button from the layout resource,
			// and attach an event to it
			EditText mEditPhoneNum = FindViewById<EditText> (Resource.Id.PhoneNumberText);
			Button mBtnCall = FindViewById<Button> (Resource.Id.CallButton);
			Button mBtnTrans = FindViewById<Button> (Resource.Id.TranslateButton);
			Button mBtnCallHistory = FindViewById<Button> (Resource.Id.callhistoryButton);

			mBtnCall.Enabled = false;
			mBtnCallHistory.Enabled = false;
			string translatedNumber = string.Empty;
			mBtnTrans.Click += (object sender, EventArgs e) => {
				translatedNumber = PhoneCallDemo.PhonewordTranslator.ToNumber(mEditPhoneNum.Text);
				if (String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(translatedNumber))
				{
					mBtnCall.Text="Call";
					mBtnCall.Enabled = false;
				}else
				{
					mBtnCall.Text = "Call " + translatedNumber;
					mBtnCall.Enabled = true;
				}
			};
			mBtnCall.Click += (object sender, EventArgs e) => {
				var callDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
				callDialog.SetMessage("Call " + translatedNumber + "?");
				callDialog.SetNeutralButton("Call", delegate {
					phoneNumbers.Add(translatedNumber);
					mBtnCallHistory.Enabled = true;
					// Create intent to dial phone
					var callIntent = new Intent(Intent.ActionCall);
					callIntent.SetData(Android.Net.Uri.Parse("tel:" + translatedNumber));
					StartActivity(callIntent);
				});
				callDialog.SetNegativeButton("Cancel", delegate { });
				// Show the alert dialog to the user and wait for response.
				callDialog.Show();
			};

			mBtnCallHistory.Click += (sender, e) =>
			{
				var intent = new Intent(this, typeof(CallHistoryActivity));
				intent.PutStringArrayListExtra("phone_numbers", phoneNumbers);
				StartActivity(intent);
			};

		}
	}
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Android.App;
using Android.Content;
using Android.OS;
using Android.Runtime;
using Android.Views;
using Android.Widget;
namespace PhoneCallDemo
{
	[Activity (Label = "CallHistoryActivity")]			
	public class CallHistoryActivity : ListActivity
	{
		protected override void OnCreate (Bundle bundle)
		{
			base.OnCreate (bundle);
			// Create your application here
			var phoneNumbers = Intent.Extras.GetStringArrayList("phone_numbers") ?? new string[0];
			this.ListAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<string>(this, Android.Resource.Layout.SimpleListItem1, phoneNumbers);
		}
	}
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/PhoneNumberText"
        android:hint="TEL:123456" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/TranslateButton"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/text_translate" />
    <Button
        android:text="Call"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/CallButton" />
    <Button
        android:text="@string/CallHistory"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/callhistoryButton" />
</LinearLayout>

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