XSLT教程

XML文档树

1） XML可以转化文档树

2） XSLT对XML的转化过程

内建模板规则

根	调用<xsl:apply-templates>处理根节点的儿子。处理时，使用调用时相同的模式
元素	调用<xsl:apply-templates>处理该节点的儿子。处理时，使用调用时相同的模式
属性	拷贝属性值到结果树，结果作为文本而不是属性节点
文本	拷贝文本到结果树
注释	不做任何事
处理指令	不做任何事
命名空间	不做任何事

XSLT 1.0支持的五种数据类型

number、boolean、string、node-set、tree

相互之间的转化

到 从	boolean	number	string	node-set	tree
boolean	/	false -> 0 true -> 1	false -> ‘false’ true -> ‘true’	不允许	不允许
number	0 -> false 非0-> true	/	转化为十进制数	不允许	不允许
string	null-> false 其他 -> true	解析为十进制	/	不允许	不允许
node-set	empty -> false 其他 -> true	通过string转化	文档顺序中第一个节点的字符串值	/	不允许
tree	通过string转化	通过string转化	连接所有的文本节点	不允许	/

说明：

Tree很少见，只有在xsl:variable中才出现。xslt2.0已经取消该类型。另外，转化为node-set，标准xslt1.0不提供，但是扩展接口通常都是提供的。比如微软提供了msxsl:node-set。

XPath

基本概念

绝对路径的写法

上下文节点（context node）

即XPath中直接包含的，和当前节点等同。上下文节点可以通过“.”得到。

position()可以得到上下文节点的当前值。

last()可以得到上下文节点的大小

可以修改上下文节点的xslt标签

xsl:apply-templates xsl:for-each

xsl:for-each一个常用的特色就是修改context node

Axes

参见P282

Axes	Description
ancestor::	The ancestors of the context node. The ancestors of the context node consist of the parent of the context node and the parent's parent and so on; thus the ancestor:: axis always includes the root node unless the context node is the root node.
ancestor-or-self::	The context node and its ancestors. The ancestor-or-self:: axis always includes the root node.
attribute::	The attributes of the context node. This axis will be empty unless the context node is an element.
child::	The children of the context node. A child is any node immediately below the context node in the tree. However, neither attribute or namespace nodes are considered children of the context node.
descendant::	The descendants of the context node. A descendant is a child or a child of a child and so on; thus the descendant:: axis never contains attribute or namespace nodes.
descendant-or-self::	The context node and its descendants.
following::	All nodes that are after the context node in the tree, excluding any descendants, attribute nodes, and namespace nodes.
following-sibling::	All the following siblings of the context node. The following-sibling:: axis identifies just those children of a parent node who appear in the tree after the context node. This axis excludes all other children that appear before the context node. If the context node is an attribute node or namespace node, the following-sibling:: axis is empty.
namespace::	The namespace nodes of the context node. There is a namespace node for every namespace which is in scope for the context node. This axis will be empty unless the context node is an element.
parent::	The parent of the context node, if there is one. The parent is the node immediately above the context node in the tree.
preceding::	All nodes that are before the context node in the tree, excluding any ancestors, attribute nodes, and namespace nodes. One way to think of the preceding axis is all nodes whose content occurs in their entirety before the start of the context node.
preceding-sibling::	All the preceding siblings of the context node. The preceding-sibling:: axis identifies just those children of a parent node who appear in the tree before the context node. This axis excludes all other children that appear after the context node. If the context node is an attribute node or namespace node, the preceding-sibling:: axis is empty.
self::	Just the context node itself.

几种简写方式

self::	.
attribute::	@
parent::	..
child::
/descendant-or-self::node()	//

Filter

[] 里面的值是boolean类型，如果不是（数值除外）就会发生强制类型转化成boolean。

数值的特性

其他

NameTest *

Union |

XPath部分函数

Node-Set函数

count()、local-name()、name()、position()、last()

String函数

concat()、contains()、starts-with()、string()、string-length()、substring ()、substring-after()、substring-before()、translate()

    <xsl:variable name="UpCaseHttp" select="translate($ItemValue, 'htp', 'HTP')"/>

Boolean函数

boolean()、false()、not()、true()

Number函数

ceiling()、floor()、number()、round()、sum()

XSLT标签

xsl:template xsl:call-template xsl:apply-templates xsl:param xsl:with-param

 <xsl:template name="JSButton">

    <xsl:param name="Name"/>

    <xsl:param name="JS"/>

    <img src="../images/empty.gif" width="5" height="1"/>

    <span class="clsButtonFace">

      <a onclick="javascript:{$JS};">

        <xsl:value-of select="$Name"/>

      </a>

    </span>

 </xsl:template>

 <xsl:template name="ea:SaveNoNewButton">

    <xsl:call-template name="JSButton">

      <xsl:with-param name="Name" select="' 保存'"/>

      <xsl:with-param name="JS" select="'verify(&quot;Save&quot;)'"/>

    </xsl:call-template>

 </xsl:template>

 <xsl:apply-templates select="Ebanswers/PAGE">

 <xsl:template match="PAGE">

 </xsl:template>

xsl:foreach

          <xsl:for-each select="$CodeTable">

            <option value="{CODE_VALUE}">

              <xsl:if test="CODE_VALUE = $AValue">

                <xsl:attribute name="selected"/>

              </xsl:if>

              <xsl:value-of select="CODE_NAME"/>

            </option>

          </xsl:for-each>

xsl:sort

<xsl:sort

 select = string-Expression

 lang = { nmtoken }

 data-type = { "text" | "number" | QName }

 order = { "ascending" | "descending" }

 case-order = { "upper-first" | "lower-first" }

 />

紧随xsl:apply-templates或xsl:for-each

    <xsl:apply-templates select="/Toolkit/tk:Table/tk:Field[tk:List]">

      <xsl:sort select="tk:List/@Order" data-type="number"/>

    </xsl:apply-templates>

xsl:variable

注意字符串变量

 <xsl:variable name="Test" select="'title'"/>

xsl:value-of xsl:text

<xsl:value-of

 select = Expression

 disable-output-escaping = "yes" | "no"

</xsl:value-of>

<xsl:text

 disable-output-escaping = "yes" | "no">

</xsl:text>

 <xsl:template name="ea:WhiteSpace">

    <xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&amp;nbsp;</xsl:text>

 </xsl:template>

xsl:element xsl:attribute xsl:attribute-set

XML File (item.xml)

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="element.xsl" ?>

<root>

   <item>My Item</item>

</root>

XSLT File (element.xsl)

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"

      xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" >

<xsl:template match="item">

   <xsl:element name="xsl:template">

      <xsl:attribute name="match">cost</xsl:attribute>

      <xsl:attribute name="xml:space">preserve</xsl:attribute>

      <xsl:apply-templates/>

   </xsl:element>

</xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

Output

This is the formatted output:

My Item

The following is the processor output, with line breaks added for clarity.

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<xsl:template match="cost"

      xml:space="preserve"

      xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

My Item</xsl:template>

 <xsl:attribute-set name="ea:WrapAttrs">

    <xsl:attribute name="nowrap"/>

 </xsl:attribute-set>

 <!--不能为空的字段的显示名称的td的attribute-set-->

 <xsl:attribute-set name="ea:NonEmptyAttrs" use-attribute-sets="ea:WrapAttrs">

    <xsl:attribute name="align">right</xsl:attribute>

    <xsl:attribute name="bgcolor">#E2EBF6</xsl:attribute>

 </xsl:attribute-set>

xsl:if xsl:choose xsl:when xsl:otherwise

        <a href="{$HttpRef}">

          <xsl:if test="$Target != ''">

            <xsl:attribute name="target"><xsl:value-of select="$Target"/></xsl:attribute>

          </xsl:if>

          <xsl:value-of select="$ItemValue"/>

        </a>

      <xsl:choose>

        <xsl:when test="$BigHrefType='HREF'">

          <a href="{$HrefAddress}">

            <xsl:value-of select="$Value"/>

          </a>

        </xsl:when>

        <xsl:when test="$BigHrefType='EMAIL'">

          <a href="mailto:{$Value}">

            <xsl:value-of select="$Value"/>

          </a>

        </xsl:when>

        <xsl:otherwise>

          <xsl:call-template name="ea:ProcessText">

            <xsl:with-param name="Text" select="$Value"/>

          </xsl:call-template>

        </xsl:otherwise>

      </xsl:choose>

xsl:import xsl:include

 <xsl:import href="PublicUtil.xslt"/>

xsl:copy-of xsl:output

 <xsl:output method="html" indent="no"/>

 <xsl:variable name="ea:NoRecord">

    <tr>

      <td colspan="20" class="pad5">没有内容</td>

    </tr>

 </xsl:variable>

 <xsl:copy-of select="$ea:NoRecord"/>

XSLT函数

current()

通常情况下，和“.”返回的值相同。只有在filter情况下，才不同。

<xsl:apply-templates select="//glossary/item[@name=current()/@ref]"/

document()

 <xsl:variable name="ea:FieldList" select="document('')/xsl:stylesheet/ea:FieldList"/>

format-number()

format-number(53.51, "#.0000") // "53.5100"

其他

递归：

 <xsl:template name="ea:ProcessText">

    <xsl:param name="Text"/>

    <xsl:choose>

      <xsl:when test="contains($Text,' ')">

        <xsl:value-of select="substring-before($Text,' ')"/>

        <br/>

        <xsl:call-template name="ea:ProcessText">

          <xsl:with-param name="Text" select="substring-after($Text,' ')"/>

        </xsl:call-template>

      </xsl:when>

      <xsl:otherwise>

        <p style="word-break:break-all">

          <xsl:value-of select="$Text"/>

        </p>

      </xsl:otherwise>

    </xsl:choose>

 </xsl:template>

 <xsl:template name="ShowRow">

    <xsl:param name="CurIndex" select="0"/>

    <xsl:param name="Data"/>

    <xsl:param name="CurRow"/>

    <<