【转】C++内存池

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C/C++

pool C++

boost.pool内存池基准测试：

http://tech.it168.com/a2011/0726/1223/000001223399_all.shtml

如果编写的是用户态的进程，已经没有使用内存池的必要了；如果类有自己的构造函数和析构函数，那么boost.pool反而会性能下降。

原文地址 http://www.cppblog.com/d3d/archive/2008/11/28/68097.aspx

SMemoryChunk.h

#ifndef __SMEMORYCHUNK_H__
#define __SMEMORYCHUNK_H__

typedef unsigned char TByte ;

struct SMemoryChunk
{
  TByte *Data;                //数据 
  std::size_t DataSize;        //该内存块的总大小
  std::size_t UsedSize;        //实际使用的大小
  bool IsAllocationChunk;    
  SMemoryChunk *Next;        //指向链表中下一个块的指针。
};

#endif

IMemoryBlock.h

#ifndef __IMEMORYBLOCK_H__
#define __IMEMORYBLOCK_H__

class IMemoryBlock
{
  public :
    virtual ~IMemoryBlock() {};

    virtual void *GetMemory(const std::size_t &sMemorySize) = 0;
    virtual void FreeMemory(void *ptrMemoryBlock, const std::size_t &sMemoryBlockSize) = 0; 

};

#endif

CMemoryPool.h

#ifndef __CMEMORYPOOL_H__
#define __CMEMORYPOOL_H__


#include "IMemoryBlock.h"
#include "SMemoryChunk.h"


static const std::size_t DEFAULT_MEMORY_POOL_SIZE        = 1000;//初始内存池的大小
static const std::size_t DEFAULT_MEMORY_CHUNK_SIZE       = 128;//Chunk的大小
static const std::size_t DEFAULT_MEMORY_SIZE_TO_ALLOCATE = DEFAULT_MEMORY_CHUNK_SIZE * 2;

class CMemoryPool : public IMemoryBlock
{
public:
    CMemoryPool(const std::size_t &sInitialMemoryPoolSize = DEFAULT_MEMORY_POOL_SIZE, 
                const std::size_t &sMemoryChunkSize = DEFAULT_MEMORY_CHUNK_SIZE,
                const std::size_t &sMinimalMemorySizeToAllocate = DEFAULT_MEMORY_SIZE_TO_ALLOCATE,
                bool bSetMemoryData = false
                );


    virtual ~CMemoryPool();

    //从内存池中申请内存
    virtual void* GetMemory(const std::size_t &sMemorySize);
    virtual void  FreeMemory(void *ptrMemoryBlock, const std::size_t &sMemoryBlockSize);
    
private:
    //申请内存OS
    bool AllocateMemory(const std::size_t &sMemorySize);
    void FreeAllAllocatedMemory();
    SMemoryChunk* FindChunkHoldingPointerTo(void *ptrMemoryBlock);
    void FreeChunks(SMemoryChunk *ptrChunk);
    //计算可以分多少块
    unsigned int CalculateNeededChunks(const std::size_t &sMemorySize);

    //计算内存池最合适的大小
    std::size_t CMemoryPool::CalculateBestMemoryBlockSize(const std::size_t &sRequestedMemoryBlockSize);
    
    //建立链表.每个结点Data指针指向内存池中的内存地址
    bool LinkChunksToData(SMemoryChunk* ptrNewChunks, unsigned int uiChunkCount, TByte* ptrNewMemBlock);
    
    //重新计算块(Chunk)的大小1024--896--768--640--512------------
    bool RecalcChunkMemorySize(SMemoryChunk* ptrChunk, unsigned int uiChunkCount);
    
    SMemoryChunk* SetChunkDefaults(SMemoryChunk *ptrChunk);
    

    //搜索链表找到一个能够持有被申请大小的内存块(Chunk).如果它返回NULL，那么在内存池中没有可用的内存
    SMemoryChunk* FindChunkSuitableToHoldMemory(const std::size_t &sMemorySize);

    std::size_t MaxValue(const std::size_t &sValueA, const std::size_t &sValueB) const;
    
    void SetMemoryChunkValues(SMemoryChunk *ptrChunk, const std::size_t &sMemBlockSize);

    SMemoryChunk* SkipChunks(SMemoryChunk *ptrStartChunk, unsigned int uiChunksToSkip);
    
    void DeallocateAllChunks();

private:

    SMemoryChunk *m_ptrFirstChunk;
    SMemoryChunk *m_ptrLastChunk;   
    SMemoryChunk *m_ptrCursorChunk;

    std::size_t m_sTotalMemoryPoolSize;  //内存池的总大小
    std::size_t m_sUsedMemoryPoolSize;   //以使用内存的大小
    std::size_t m_sFreeMemoryPoolSize;   //可用内存的大小

    std::size_t m_sMemoryChunkSize;     //块(Chunk)的大小
    unsigned int m_uiMemoryChunkCount;  //块(Chunk)的数量
    unsigned int m_uiObjectCount;

    bool m_bSetMemoryData ; 
    std::size_t m_sMinimalMemorySizeToAllocate;


};

#endif

CMemoryPool.cpp

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "CMemorypool.h"

#include <math.h>
#include <assert.h>


static const int FREEED_MEMORY_CONTENT        = 0xAA;//填充释放的内存 
static const int NEW_ALLOCATED_MEMORY_CONTENT = 0xFF;


CMemoryPool::CMemoryPool(const std::size_t &sInitialMemoryPoolSize,
                         const std::size_t &sMemoryChunkSize,
                         const std::size_t &sMinimalMemorySizeToAllocate,
                         bool bSetMemoryData)
{
    m_ptrFirstChunk  = NULL;
    m_ptrLastChunk   = NULL;
    m_ptrCursorChunk = NULL;

    m_sTotalMemoryPoolSize = 0;
    m_sUsedMemoryPoolSize  = 0;
    m_sFreeMemoryPoolSize  = 0;

    m_sMemoryChunkSize   = sMemoryChunkSize;
    m_uiMemoryChunkCount = 0;
    m_uiObjectCount      = 0;

    m_bSetMemoryData               = !bSetMemoryData;
    m_sMinimalMemorySizeToAllocate = sMinimalMemorySizeToAllocate;

    AllocateMemory(sInitialMemoryPoolSize);
}

CMemoryPool::~CMemoryPool()
{
    FreeAllAllocatedMemory();
    DeallocateAllChunks();

    assert((m_uiObjectCount == 0) && "警告:内存-泄露:你没有释放全部申请的内存");
}

void CMemoryPool::FreeAllAllocatedMemory()
{
    SMemoryChunk *ptrChunk = m_ptrFirstChunk;
    while(ptrChunk)
    {
        if(ptrChunk->IsAllocationChunk)
        {
            free(((void *) (ptrChunk->Data)));
        }
        ptrChunk = ptrChunk->Next;
    }
}

void CMemoryPool::DeallocateAllChunks()
{
    SMemoryChunk *ptrChunk = m_ptrFirstChunk;
    SMemoryChunk *ptrChunkToDelete = NULL;
    while(ptrChunk)
    {
        if(ptrChunk->IsAllocationChunk)
        {    
            if(ptrChunkToDelete)
            {
                free(((void *) ptrChunkToDelete));
            }
            ptrChunkToDelete = ptrChunk;
        }
        ptrChunk = ptrChunk->Next;
    }
}

void* CMemoryPool::GetMemory(const std::size_t &sMemorySize)
{
    std::size_t sBestMemBlockSize = CalculateBestMemoryBlockSize(sMemorySize);  
    SMemoryChunk* ptrChunk = NULL;
    while(!ptrChunk)
    {

        ptrChunk = FindChunkSuitableToHoldMemory(sBestMemBlockSize);

        //ptrChunk等于NULL表示内存池内存不够用
        if(!ptrChunk)
        {
            sBestMemBlockSize = MaxValue(sBestMemBlockSize, CalculateBestMemoryBlockSize(m_sMinimalMemorySizeToAllocate));
            //从OS申请更多的内存
            AllocateMemory(sBestMemBlockSize);
        }
    }
    //下面是找到可用的块(Chunk)代码
    m_sUsedMemoryPoolSize += sBestMemBlockSize;
    m_sFreeMemoryPoolSize -= sBestMemBlockSize;
    m_uiObjectCount++;
    //标记该块(Chunk)已用
    SetMemoryChunkValues(ptrChunk, sBestMemBlockSize);

    return ((void *) ptrChunk->Data);
}

void CMemoryPool::FreeMemory(void *ptrMemoryBlock, const std::size_t &sMemoryBlockSize)
{
    SMemoryChunk *ptrChunk = FindChunkHoldingPointerTo(ptrMemoryBlock);
    if(ptrChunk)
    {
        FreeChunks(ptrChunk);
    }
    else
    {
        assert(false && "ERROR : Requested Pointer not in Memory Pool");
    }
    assert((m_uiObjectCount > 0) && "ERROR : Request to delete more Memory then allocated.");
    m_uiObjectCount--;

}

void CMemoryPool::FreeChunks(SMemoryChunk *ptrChunk)
{

    SMemoryChunk *ptrCurrentChunk = ptrChunk ;
    unsigned int uiChunkCount = CalculateNeededChunks(ptrCurrentChunk->UsedSize);
    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < uiChunkCount; i++)
    {
        if(ptrCurrentChunk)
        {

            if(m_bSetMemoryData)
            {
                memset(((void *) ptrCurrentChunk->Data), FREEED_MEMORY_CONTENT, m_sMemoryChunkSize) ;
            }

            ptrCurrentChunk->UsedSize = 0;

            m_sUsedMemoryPoolSize -= m_sMemoryChunkSize;
            ptrCurrentChunk = ptrCurrentChunk->Next;
        }
    }
}

SMemoryChunk *CMemoryPool::FindChunkHoldingPointerTo(void *ptrMemoryBlock)
{
    SMemoryChunk *ptrTempChunk = m_ptrFirstChunk;
    while(ptrTempChunk)
    {
        if(ptrTempChunk->Data == ((TByte *) ptrMemoryBlock))
        {
            break;
        }
        ptrTempChunk = ptrTempChunk->Next;
    }
    return ptrTempChunk;
}

bool CMemoryPool::AllocateMemory(const std::size_t &sMemorySize)
{
    //计算可以分多少块(1000 / 128 = 8)
    unsigned int uiNeededChunks = CalculateNeededChunks(sMemorySize);

    //当内存池的初始大小为1000字节，块(Chunk)大小128字节，分8块还差24字节.怎么办?
    //解决方案:多申请24字节
    std::size_t sBestMemBlockSize = CalculateBestMemoryBlockSize(sMemorySize);

    //向OS申请内存
    TByte *ptrNewMemBlock = (TByte*) malloc(sBestMemBlockSize);

    //分配一个结构体SmemoryChunk的数组来管理内存块
    SMemoryChunk *ptrNewChunks = (SMemoryChunk*) malloc((uiNeededChunks * sizeof(SMemoryChunk))); 


    m_sTotalMemoryPoolSize += sBestMemBlockSize;
    m_sFreeMemoryPoolSize += sBestMemBlockSize;
    m_uiMemoryChunkCount += uiNeededChunks;


    if(m_bSetMemoryData)
    {
        memset(((void *) ptrNewMemBlock), NEW_ALLOCATED_MEMORY_CONTENT, sBestMemBlockSize);
    }

    return LinkChunksToData(ptrNewChunks, uiNeededChunks, ptrNewMemBlock);

}

unsigned int CMemoryPool::CalculateNeededChunks(const std::size_t &sMemorySize)
{
    float f = (float) (((float)sMemorySize) / ((float)m_sMemoryChunkSize));
    return ((unsigned int) ceil(f));
}

std::size_t CMemoryPool::CalculateBestMemoryBlockSize(const std::size_t &sRequestedMemoryBlockSize)
{
    unsigned int uiNeededChunks = CalculateNeededChunks(sRequestedMemoryBlockSize);
    return std::size_t((uiNeededChunks * m_sMemoryChunkSize));
}

bool CMemoryPool::LinkChunksToData(SMemoryChunk* ptrNewChunks, unsigned int uiChunkCount, TByte* ptrNewMemBlock)
{

    SMemoryChunk *ptrNewChunk = NULL;
    unsigned int uiMemOffSet = 0; 
    bool bAllocationChunkAssigned = false;
    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < uiChunkCount; i++)
    {    
        //建立链表
        if(!m_ptrFirstChunk)
        {
            m_ptrFirstChunk = SetChunkDefaults(&(ptrNewChunks[0]));
            m_ptrLastChunk = m_ptrFirstChunk;
            m_ptrCursorChunk = m_ptrFirstChunk;
        }
        else
        {
            ptrNewChunk = SetChunkDefaults(&(ptrNewChunks[i]));
            m_ptrLastChunk->Next = ptrNewChunk;
            m_ptrLastChunk = ptrNewChunk;
        }
        //根据块(Chunk)的大小计算下一块的内存偏移地址
        uiMemOffSet = (i * ((unsigned int) m_sMemoryChunkSize));

        //结点指向内存偏移地址
        m_ptrLastChunk->Data = &(ptrNewMemBlock[uiMemOffSet]);


        if(!bAllocationChunkAssigned)
        {
            m_ptrLastChunk->IsAllocationChunk = true;
            bAllocationChunkAssigned = true;
        }
    }


    return RecalcChunkMemorySize(m_ptrFirstChunk, m_uiMemoryChunkCount);

}


bool CMemoryPool::RecalcChunkMemorySize(SMemoryChunk *ptrChunk, unsigned int uiChunkCount)
{
    unsigned int uiMemOffSet = 0 ;
    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < uiChunkCount; i++)
    {
        if(ptrChunk)
        {
            uiMemOffSet = (i * ((unsigned int) m_sMemoryChunkSize)) ;
            ptrChunk->DataSize = (((unsigned int) m_sTotalMemoryPoolSize) - uiMemOffSet);
            ptrChunk = ptrChunk->Next;
        }
        else
        {
            assert(false && "Error : ptrChunk == NULL");
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

SMemoryChunk* CMemoryPool::SetChunkDefaults(SMemoryChunk* ptrChunk)
{
    if(ptrChunk)
    {
        ptrChunk->Data = NULL;
        ptrChunk->DataSize = 0;
        ptrChunk->UsedSize = 0;
        ptrChunk->IsAllocationChunk = false;
        ptrChunk->Next = NULL;
    }
    return ptrChunk;
}

//这里还没看明白
SMemoryChunk *CMemoryPool::FindChunkSuitableToHoldMemory(const std::size_t &sMemorySize)
{
    unsigned int uiChunksToSkip = 0;
    bool bContinueSearch = true;
    SMemoryChunk *ptrChunk = m_ptrCursorChunk; 
    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < m_uiMemoryChunkCount; i++)
    {
        if(ptrChunk)
        {
            if(ptrChunk == m_ptrLastChunk) 
            {
                ptrChunk = m_ptrFirstChunk;
            }

            if(ptrChunk->DataSize >= sMemorySize)
            {
                if(ptrChunk->UsedSize == 0)
                {
                    m_ptrCursorChunk = ptrChunk;
                    return ptrChunk;
                }
            }
            uiChunksToSkip = CalculateNeededChunks(ptrChunk->UsedSize);
            if(uiChunksToSkip == 0) uiChunksToSkip = 1;
            ptrChunk = SkipChunks(ptrChunk, uiChunksToSkip);
        }
        else
        {
            bContinueSearch = false;
        }
    }
    return NULL;
}

std::size_t CMemoryPool::MaxValue(const std::size_t &sValueA, const std::size_t &sValueB) const
{
    if(sValueA > sValueB)
    {
        return sValueA;
    }
    return sValueB;
}

void CMemoryPool::SetMemoryChunkValues(SMemoryChunk *ptrChunk, const std::size_t &sMemBlockSize)
{
    if((ptrChunk))
    {
        ptrChunk->UsedSize = sMemBlockSize;
    }
    else
    {
        assert(false && "Error : Invalid NULL-Pointer passed");
    }
}

SMemoryChunk *CMemoryPool::SkipChunks(SMemoryChunk *ptrStartChunk, unsigned int uiChunksToSkip)
{
    SMemoryChunk *ptrCurrentChunk = ptrStartChunk;
    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < uiChunksToSkip; i++)
    {
        if(ptrCurrentChunk)
        {
            ptrCurrentChunk = ptrCurrentChunk->Next;
        }
        else
        {

            assert(false && "Error : Chunk == NULL was not expected.");
            break ;
        }
    }
    return ptrCurrentChunk;
}

测试代码：

#include "stdafx.h"

#include "CMemoryPool.h"

CMemoryPool* g_pMemPool = NULL;

class testMemoryPool
{
public:
    testMemoryPool(){
    }
    virtual ~testMemoryPool(){
    }
    void *operator new(std::size_t ObjectSize)
    {
        return g_pMemPool->GetMemory(ObjectSize) ;
    }

    void operator delete(void *ptrObject, std::size_t ObjectSize)
    {
        g_pMemPool->FreeMemory(ptrObject, ObjectSize) ;
    }

public:
    char a[512];
    bool b;
    long c;
};//sizeof(32);


int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{

    g_pMemPool = new CMemoryPool();

    testMemoryPool* test = new testMemoryPool();
    if(test){
        delete test;
        test = NULL;
    }

    if(g_pMemPool) 
        delete g_pMemPool ;

    return 0;
}

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2011-01-10 13:48
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