如何正确在Hudson中使用Maven构建Job

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相信大家都很有一个疑惑，就是我们在本地使用Hudson 构建Maven Job时，输入clean install 命令会发现它会去重新下载Jar包，一般情况下，我们都会在IDE和命令行调用过Maven构建，按理它应该不会去重新下载依赖才对，抱着和你同样的疑惑，我们现在去看看端倪。

我不打算在任务再调用一次clean install，而是直接使用help:effective-settings命令看看它是否调用我们的用户settings.xml文件。

在这里我先放一份我的用户settings.xml切片。

<settings>
  <!-- localRepository
   | The path to the local repository maven will use to store artifacts.
   |
   | Default: ~/.m2/repository -->
  <localRepository>d:/.m2/repository</localRepository>
 

  <!-- interactiveMode
   | This will determine whether maven prompts you when it needs input. If set to false,
   | maven will use a sensible default value, perhaps based on some other setting, for
   | the parameter in question.
   |
   | Default: true
  <interactiveMode>true</interactiveMode>
  -->

  <!-- offline
   | Determines whether maven should attempt to connect to the network when executing a build.
   | This will have an effect on artifact downloads, artifact deployment, and others.
   |
   | Default: false
  <offline>false</offline>
  -->

  <!-- proxies
   | This is a list of proxies which can be used on this machine to connect to the network.
   | Unless otherwise specified (by system property or command-line switch), the first proxy
   | specification in this list marked as active will be used.
   |-->
  <proxies>
    <!-- proxy
     | Specification for one proxy, to be used in connecting to the network.
     |
    <proxy>
      <id>optional</id>
      <active>true</active>
      <protocol>http</protocol>
      <username>proxyuser</username>
      <password>proxypass</password>
      <host>proxy.host.net</host>
      <port>80</port>
      <nonProxyHosts>local.net,some.host.com</nonProxyHosts>
    </proxy>
    -->
  </proxies>
  <pluginGroups>
		<pluginGroup>org.mortbay.jetty</pluginGroup>
  </pluginGroups>
  <servers>
	   <server>  
		<id>nexus</id>  
		<username>admin</username>  
		<password>1234</password>  
	  </server>  
	  <server>  
		<id>nexus-releases</id>  
		<username>admin</username>  
		<password>1234</password>  
	  </server>  
	  <server>  
		<id>nexus-public-snapshots</id>  
		<username>admin</username>  
		<password>1234</password>  
	  </server>
  </servers>
  <mirrors>
	<mirror>
      <id>nexus</id>
      <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
      <url>http://127.0.0.1:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
    </mirror>
	</mirrors>
  <profiles>
	<profile>  
		<id>nexus</id>
		<activation>  
           <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>  
       </activation> 
		<repositories>  
		  <repository>  
			<id>central</id>  
			<url>http://central</url>  
			<releases>  
			  <enabled>true</enabled>  
			</releases>  
			<snapshots>  
			  <enabled>true</enabled>  
			</snapshots> 
			<layout>default</layout>
		  </repository>  
		</repositories>  
	   <pluginRepositories>  
            <pluginRepository>  
              <id>central</id>  
              <url>http://central</url>  
			 <releases>
			  <enabled>true</enabled>
			  <updatePolicy>daily</updatePolicy>   
              <checksumPolicy>warn</checksumPolicy>  
			  </releases>  
              <snapshots>
			  <enabled>true</enabled>
			  </snapshots>  
			  <layout>default</layout>
            </pluginRepository>  
          </pluginRepositories>  
	  </profile>  
	</profiles>  
	<activeProfiles>
	  <activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile>
	</activeProfiles>  
</settings>

运行Maven Job ，目标输入help:effective-settings，控制台打印的切片如下：

[account-aggregator] $ D:\hudson_ci\hudson_dep_tools\apache-maven-2.2.1\bin\mvn.bat help:effective-settings
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] Reactor build order: 
[INFO]   Account Parent
[INFO]   Account Email
[INFO]   Account Persist
[INFO]   Account Aggregator
[INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'help'.
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Account Aggregator
[INFO]    task-segment: [help:effective-settings] (aggregator-style)
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [help:effective-settings {execution: default-cli}]
[INFO] 
Effective user-specific configuration settings:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- ====================================================================== -->
<!--                                                                        -->
<!-- Generated by Maven Help Plugin on 2010-12-08T11:24:17                  -->
<!-- See: http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-help-plugin/                -->
<!--                                                                        -->
<!-- ====================================================================== -->

<!-- ====================================================================== -->
<!--                                                                        -->
<!-- Effective Settings for 'JDONEE-ZAH$' on 'Jdonee-ZAH'                   -->
<!--                                                                        -->
<!-- ====================================================================== -->

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
  <localRepository xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0">C:\Windows\System32\config\systemprofile\.m2\repository</localRepository>
</settings>

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1 second
[INFO] Finished at: Wed Dec 08 23:24:17 CST 2010
[INFO] Final Memory: 6M/127M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Finished: SUCCESS

God，怎么把构件都下载C:\Windows\System32\config\systemprofile\.m2\repository这个位置了。看来Hudson根本就不认可Maven的环境变量以及用户级settings.xml。

还好有神奇的-s参数(--settings)帮忙，这个参数的作用就是让用户指定可运行的settings.xml文件。我的用户级settings目录存放在C:\Users\Jdonee\.m2目录下。

那么我们目标改成help:effactive-settings -s C:\Users\Jdonee\.m2\settings.xml，马上查看控制台的打印切片：

[account-aggregator] $ D:\hudson_ci\hudson_dep_tools\apache-maven-2.2.1\bin\mvn.bat help:effective-settings -s C:\Users\Jdonee\.m2\settings.xml
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] Reactor build order: 
[INFO]   Account Parent
[INFO]   Account Email
[INFO]   Account Persist
[INFO]   Account Aggregator
[INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'help'.
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Account Aggregator
[INFO]    task-segment: [help:effective-settings] (aggregator-style)
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [help:effective-settings {execution: default-cli}]
[INFO] 
Effective user-specific configuration settings:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- ====================================================================== -->
<!--                                                                        -->
<!-- Generated by Maven Help Plugin on 2010-12-08T11:26:55                  -->
<!-- See: http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-help-plugin/                -->
<!--                                                                        -->
<!-- ====================================================================== -->

<!-- ====================================================================== -->
<!--                                                                        -->
<!-- Effective Settings for 'JDONEE-ZAH$' on 'Jdonee-ZAH'                   -->
<!--                                                                        -->
<!-- ====================================================================== -->

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
  <localRepository xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0">d:/.m2/repository</localRepository>
  <servers xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0">
    <server>
      <username>admin</username>
      <password>***</password>
      <id>nexus</id>
    </server>
    <server>
      <username>admin</username>
      <password>***</password>
      <id>nexus-releases</id>
    </server>
    <server>
      <username>admin</username>
      <password>***</password>
      <id>nexus-public-snapshots</id>
    </server>
...省略...

哈哈，大功告成对不对，可是现在还有点小小的瑕疵，如果我定义很多的Maven任务，新建任务都要再输一遍实在是很麻烦(虽然很多时候，我们会通过复制任务减少一些配置量)，而且一旦我迁移到其它系统环境，比如Linux等等，同样也不方便。

所以我们必须要把它定义到全局变量中。

点击“系统管理”，选择“系统设置”，启用“Environment variables”，新增一个环境变量，输入如Key=yoursettings，Value=C:\Users\Jdonee\.m2\settings.xml。

注：key值不要使用特殊字符如"-"等，以免命令行不认。

关于Environment variables的官方解释是：这些键值对每个节点上的每个应用都有效.它们可以在Hudson配置(如$key或者${key})中使用, 并且在每个构建启动时被加入到环境变量中.

好了，我们在Job的目标更改为help:effective-settings -s $yoursettings执行，控制台打印更上面的切片一样，Perfact!

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2010-12-09 00:22
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分类:研发管理
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2 楼 331008019 2013-12-21

Hudson 系列的文章写得够细、够全！学习了…

1 楼 guorabbit 2010-12-09

Jdonee 探索精神不错，学习一下。

help:effactive-settings -s $yoursettings
又学了一个新用法。

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