Spring分布式事务实现

    分布式事务是指操作多个数据库之间的事务，spring的org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager，提供了分布式事务支持。如果使用WAS的JTA支持，把它的属性改为WebSphere对应的TransactionManager。
    在tomcat下，是没有分布式事务的，不过可以借助于第三方软件jotm（Java Open Transaction Manager ）和AtomikosTransactionsEssentials实现，在spring中分布式事务是通过jta（jotm，atomikos）来进行实现。
1、http://jotm.objectweb.org/
2、http://www.atomikos.com/Main/TransactionsEssentials

一、使用JOTM例子
(1)、Dao及实现

public interface GenericDao {

	public int save(String ds, String sql, Object[] obj) throws Exception;
	
	public int findRowCount(String ds, String sql);
	
}

public class GenericDaoImpl implements GenericDao{

	private  JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateA;
	private  JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateB;

	public void setJdbcTemplateA(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
		this.jdbcTemplateA = jdbcTemplate;
	}

	public void setJdbcTemplateB(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
		this.jdbcTemplateB = jdbcTemplate;
	}
	
	public int save(String ds, String sql, Object[] obj) throws Exception{
		if(null == ds || "".equals(ds)) return -1;
		try{
			if(ds.equals("A")){
				return this.jdbcTemplateA.update(sql, obj);
			}else{
				return this.jdbcTemplateB.update(sql, obj);
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new Exception("执行" + ds + "数据库时失败！");
		}
	}

	public int findRowCount(String ds, String sql) {
		if(null == ds || "".equals(ds)) return -1;
		
		if(ds.equals("A")){
			return this.jdbcTemplateA.queryForInt(sql);
		}else{
			return this.jdbcTemplateB.queryForInt(sql);
		}
	}

}

(2)、Service及实现

public interface UserService {
	
	public void saveUser() throws Exception;
	
}

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

	private GenericDao genericDao;
	
	public void setGenericDao(GenericDao genericDao) {
		this.genericDao = genericDao;
	}

	public void saveUser() throws Exception {
		String userName = "user_" + Math.round(Math.random()*10000);
		System.out.println(userName);
		
		StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder();
		sql.append(" insert into t_user(username, gender) values(?,?); ");
		Object[] objs = new Object[]{userName,"1"};
		
		genericDao.save("A", sql.toString(), objs);
		
		sql.delete(0, sql.length());
		sql.append(" insert into t_user(name, sex) values(?,?); ");
		objs = new Object[]{userName,"男的"};//值超出范围
		genericDao.save("B", sql.toString(), objs);
	}

}

(3)、applicationContext-jotm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

	<description>springJTA</description>

	<!--指定Spring配置中用到的属性文件--> 
	<bean id="propertyConfig" 
			class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> 
		<property name="locations"> 
			<list> 
				<value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value> 
			</list> 
		</property> 
	</bean> 
	
	<!-- JOTM实例 -->
	<bean id="jotm" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JotmFactoryBean">
	      <property name="defaultTimeout" value="500000"/>
	</bean>

	<!-- JTA事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="jtaTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager">   
		<property name="userTransaction" ref="jotm" />   
	</bean>

    <!-- 数据源A --> 
    <bean id="dataSourceA" class="org.enhydra.jdbc.pool.StandardXAPoolDataSource" destroy-method="shutdown"> 
       <property name="dataSource"> 
           <bean class="org.enhydra.jdbc.standard.StandardXADataSource" destroy-method="shutdown"> 
               <property name="transactionManager" ref="jotm"/> 
               <property name="driverName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> 
               <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> 
           </bean> 
       </property> 
       <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> 
       <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> 
    </bean> 

    <!-- 数据源B --> 
    <bean id="dataSourceB" class="org.enhydra.jdbc.pool.StandardXAPoolDataSource" destroy-method="shutdown"> 
       <property name="dataSource"> 
           <bean class="org.enhydra.jdbc.standard.StandardXADataSource" destroy-method="shutdown"> 
               <property name="transactionManager" ref="jotm"/> 
               <property name="driverName" value="${jdbc2.driver}"/> 
               <property name="url" value="${jdbc2.url}"/> 
           </bean> 
       </property> 
       <property name="user" value="${jdbc2.username}"/> 
       <property name="password" value="${jdbc2.password}"/> 
    </bean> 

    <bean id = "jdbcTemplateA" 
         class = "org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> 
         <property name = "dataSource" ref="dataSourceA"/> 
    </bean>
    
    <bean id = "jdbcTemplateB" 
         class = "org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> 
         <property name = "dataSource" ref="dataSourceB"/> 
    </bean>    

	<!-- 事务切面配置 --> 
	<aop:config> 
		<aop:pointcut id="pointCut"
				expression="execution(* com.logcd.service..*.*(..))"/><!-- 包及其子包下的所有方法 -->
        <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="pointCut" advice-ref="txAdvice"/> 
        
        <aop:advisor pointcut="execution(* *..common.service..*.*(..))" advice-ref="txAdvice"/>
	</aop:config> 

	<!-- 通知配置 --> 
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="jtaTransactionManager"> 
       <tx:attributes> 
          <tx:method name="delete*" rollback-for="Exception"/> 
          <tx:method name="save*" rollback-for="Exception"/> 
          <tx:method name="update*" rollback-for="Exception"/> 
          <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" rollback-for="Exception"/> 
       </tx:attributes> 
	</tx:advice> 

	<bean id="genericDao" 
			class="com.logcd.dao.impl.GenericDaoImpl" autowire="byName">
	</bean>

	<bean id="userService" 
			class="com.logcd.service.impl.UserServiceImpl" autowire="byName">
	</bean>

</beans>

(4)、测试

public class TestUserService{

	private static UserService userService;
	
	@BeforeClass
	public static void init(){
		ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-jotm.xml");
		userService = (UserService)app.getBean("userService");
	}
	
	@Test
	public void save(){
		System.out.println("begin...");
		try{
			userService.saveUser();
		}catch(Exception e){
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		}
		System.out.println("finish...");
	}
	
}

二、关于使用atomikos实现
(1)、数据源配置

<bean id="dataSourceA" class="com.atomikos.jdbc.SimpleDataSourceBean" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
	<property name="uniqueResourceName">
		<value>${datasource.uniqueResourceName}</value>
	</property>
	<property name="xaDataSourceClassName"> 
		<value>${database.driver_class}</value> 
	</property> 
	<property name="xaDataSourceProperties">
		<value>URL=${database.url};user=${database.username};password=${database.password}</value> 
	</property> 
	<property name="exclusiveConnectionMode"> 
		<value>${connection.exclusive.mode}</value> 
	</property>
	<property name="connectionPoolSize"> 
		<value>${connection.pool.size}</value>
	</property>
	<property name="connectionTimeout">
		<value>${connection.timeout}</value>
	</property>
	<property name="validatingQuery"> 
		<value>SELECT 1</value> 
	</property> 
</bean>

(2)、事务配置

	<bean id="atomikosTransactionManager" class="com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionManager" 
		init-method="init" destroy-method="close"> 
		<property name="forceShutdown" value="true"/> 
	</bean> 
 
	<bean id="atomikosUserTransaction" class="com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionImp"> 
		<property name="transactionTimeout" value="${transaction.timeout}"/> 
	</bean>
 
	<!-- JTA事务管理器 --> 
	<bean id="springTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager"> 
		<property name="transactionManager" ref="atomikosTransactionManager"/> 
		<property name="userTransaction" ref="atomikosUserTransaction"/> 
	</bean>
 
	<!-- 事务切面配置 --> 
	<aop:config> 
		<aop:pointcut id="serviceOperation"  expression="execution(* *..service*..*(..))"/> 
		<aop:advisor pointcut-ref="serviceOperation" advice-ref="txAdvice"/> 
	</aop:config>
	
	<!-- 通知配置 -->
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="springTransactionManager"> 
		<tx:attributes>
			<tx:method name="*" rollback-for="Exception"/> 
		</tx:attributes> 
	</tx:advice> 

评论

9 楼 skyesx 2017-04-07  

这是2PC实现，更常用的是一个柔性事务的实现，可以参考
https://github.com/QNJR-GROUP/EasyTransaction

8 楼 ddbird 2017-03-13  

这第一句就不严谨“分布式事务是指操作多个数据库之间的事务”，显然未必一定是数据库。

7 楼 呵呵6666 2016-10-11  

基于互联网支付系统的微服务架构分布式事务解决方案
http://www.roncoo.com/article/detail/124243

6 楼 小黄牛 2016-08-02  

写得不错，交流群：472213887

5 楼 zhanghq0717 2015-03-17  

mark 

4 楼 xuwu168168 2013-11-20  

                  

3 楼 edisonlv2010 2012-08-13  

感谢分享！

2 楼 roly2000 2011-12-01  

1 楼 sscel 2011-11-01  

<!-- 数据源A -->   
36.    <bean id="dataSourceA" class="org.enhydra.jdbc.pool.StandardXAPoolDataSource" destroy-method="shutdown">   
37.       <property name="dataSource">   
38.           <bean class="org.enhydra.jdbc.standard.StandardXADataSource" destroy-method="shutdown">   
根本就没有shutdown这个配置，spring会提示错误，我用的是你的lib下的jar包也是一样，同时我是用spring_hibernate整合来实现分布式事务的，为什么会报Caused by: org.hibernate.TransactionException: Could not find UserTransaction in JNDI [java:comp/UserTransaction]。希望你能帮我解决下我的问题，先跟你说声thankyou！