WPF跨线程操作GUI控件

今天在实验Lua+WPF的时候碰到一个问题：

我在主线程中写的LUA虚拟机的 dofile，但当我要令LUA脚本执行阻塞的时候，同时也会阻塞UI线程。

 

于是我把对LUA的接口挪到另一个单独的后台线程中，专门负责与LUA脚本的交互。

编译一切正常，运行时THROW了异常，说不能在非创建UI元素的线程中改变UI元素属性。。

 

查了一下，C#就是这种机制，因为其GUI系统底层是内部单线程机制，所以为了避免各种乱七八糟的错误，直接禁用了跨线程的GUI元素操作。

 

查了一下，用了个Dispatcher的叫 “BeginInvoke” 的方法解决本问题。

 

其思想也就是异步调用，不过我估计是从GUI元素的dispatcher上分出时间片来启动线程。（没有深研究，不过总算搞定了这个问题）

 

 主要代码如下，被注掉的部分是原来行不通的方法。

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

using System.Windows.Threading;

using LuaInterface;

namespace CodersLife
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 工具类
    /// </summary>
    class Super
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 加载图片
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="address">图片地址</param>
        /// <returns>图片</returns>
        static public BitmapSource GetImage(string address)
        {
            return new BitmapImage(new Uri(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + string.Format("/Resource/Image/{0}", address), UriKind.Relative));
        } 
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// LuaAPI类
    /// </summary>
    class LuaAPI
    {
        public Lua lua = new Lua();//初始化lua虚拟机
        //public Thread luaThread;
        public Window1 MainWindow { get; set; }

        public void Start()
        {
            try
            {
                //绑定lua函数
                lua.RegisterFunction("BackImage", this, this.GetType().GetMethod("BackImage"));
                lua.RegisterFunction("Music", this, this.GetType().GetMethod("Music"));
                lua.RegisterFunction("Debug", this, this.GetType().GetMethod("Debug"));
                lua.RegisterFunction("BindRolePic", this, this.GetType().GetMethod("BindRolePic"));
                lua.RegisterFunction("Dialog", this, this.GetType().GetMethod("Dialog"));
                //启动lua脚本
                lua.DoFile("Script/Test.lua");

            }
            catch (System.Exception e)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(e.ToString());
            }
        }

        //切换游戏背景图片
        public void BackImage(string image)
        {
            Brush brushInstance = new ImageBrush { ImageSource = Super.GetImage(image) };
            MainWindow.Carrier.Background = brushInstance;
        }

        //切换音乐
        public void Music(string music)
        {
            try
            {
                MainWindow.BackMusic.Stop();
                MainWindow.BackMusic.Source = new Uri(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + string.Format("/Resource/Music/{0}", music), UriKind.Relative);
                MainWindow.BackMusic.Play();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(e.ToString());
            }
        }

        private Dictionary<string, BitmapSource> _rolePic = new Dictionary<string, BitmapSource>();

        //绑定角色图片
        public void BindRolePic(string name, string pic)
        {
            _rolePic.Add(name, Super.GetImage(pic));
        }

        //显示角色对话
        public void Dialog(string name, string dialog)
        {
            BitmapSource Pic = _rolePic[name];
            MainWindow.DialogInfo.Content = dialog;
            MainWindow.RoleName.Content = name;
            Brush brushInstance = new ImageBrush { ImageSource = Pic };
            MainWindow.RoleHeadPic.Background = brushInstance;
        }

        //debug
        public void Debug(string info)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("debug info:" + info);
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// Window1.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
    public partial class Window1 : Window
    {
        LuaAPI luaApi = new LuaAPI();

        public delegate void LuaThreadDelegate();

        public Window1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            InitLua();
        }

        //初始化lua
        public void InitLua()
        {
            //luaApi.luaThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(luaApi.Start));
            luaApi.MainWindow = this;
            //luaApi.luaThread.Start();

            Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(DispatcherPriority.Normal, new LuaThreadDelegate(luaApi.Start));
        }

        //循环播放音乐
        public void ReplayMusic(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            BackMusic.Stop();
            BackMusic.Play();
        }

    }
}