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Java常碰面试题
先来构建一个极为简单的web应用,从controller到dao。不考虑具体实现,只是先对整体架构有一个清晰的了解。
我们将用到如下jar包:
引用
aopalliance-1.0.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
log4j-1.2.15.jar
spring-beans-2.5.6.jar
spring-context-2.5.6.jar
spring-context-support-2.5.6.jar
spring-core-2.5.6.jar
spring-tx-2.5.6.jar
spring-web-2.5.6.jar
spring-webmvc-2.5.6.jar
先看web.xml
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<web-app
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4. xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
5. xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
7. id="WebApp_ID"
8. version="2.5">
9. <display-name>spring</display-name>
10. <!-- 应用路径 -->
11. <context-param>
12. <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
13. <param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
14. </context-param>
15. <!-- Log4J 配置 -->
16. <context-param>
17. <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
18. <param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
19. </context-param>
20. <context-param>
21. <param-name>log4fRefreshInterval</param-name>
22. <param-value>60000</param-value>
23. </context-param>
24. <!--Spring上下文 配置 -->
25. <context-param>
26. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
27. <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
28. </context-param>
29. <!-- 字符集 过滤器 -->
30. <filter>
31. <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
32. <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
33. <init-param>
34. <param-name>encoding</param-name>
35. <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
36. </init-param>
37. <init-param>
38. <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
39. <param-value>true</param-value>
40. </init-param>
41. </filter>
42. <filter-mapping>
43. <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
44. <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
45. </filter-mapping>
46. <!-- Spring 监听器 -->
47. <listener>
48. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
49. </listener>
50. <listener>
51. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
52. </listener>
53. <!-- Spring 分发器 -->
54. <servlet>
55. <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
56. <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
57. <init-param>
58. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
59. <param-value>/WEB-INF/servlet.xml</param-value>
60. </init-param>
61. </servlet>
62. <servlet-mapping>
63. <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
64. <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
65. </servlet-mapping>
66. <welcome-file-list>
67. <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
68. <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
69. <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
70. <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
71. <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
72. <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
73. </welcome-file-list>
74.</web-app>
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<web-app
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4. xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
5. xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
7. id="WebApp_ID"
8. version="2.5">
9. <display-name>spring</display-name>
10. <!-- 应用路径 -->
11. <context-param>
12. <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
13. <param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
14. </context-param>
15. <!-- Log4J 配置 -->
16. <context-param>
17. <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
18. <param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
19. </context-param>
20. <context-param>
21. <param-name>log4fRefreshInterval</param-name>
22. <param-value>60000</param-value>
23. </context-param>
24. <!--Spring上下文 配置 -->
25. <context-param>
26. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
27. <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
28. </context-param>
29. <!-- 字符集 过滤器 -->
30. <filter>
31. <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
32. <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
33. <init-param>
34. <param-name>encoding</param-name>
35. <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
36. </init-param>
37. <init-param>
38. <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
39. <param-value>true</param-value>
40. </init-param>
41. </filter>
42. <filter-mapping>
43. <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
44. <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
45. </filter-mapping>
46. <!-- Spring 监听器 -->
47. <listener>
48. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
49. </listener>
50. <listener>
51. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
52. </listener>
53. <!-- Spring 分发器 -->
54. <servlet>
55. <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
56. <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
57. <init-param>
58. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
59. <param-value>/WEB-INF/servlet.xml</param-value>
60. </init-param>
61. </servlet>
62. <servlet-mapping>
63. <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
64. <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
65. </servlet-mapping>
66. <welcome-file-list>
67. <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
68. <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
69. <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
70. <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
71. <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
72. <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
73. </welcome-file-list>
74.</web-app>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID"
version="2.5">
<display-name>spring</display-name>
<!-- 应用路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
<param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Log4J 配置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4fRefreshInterval</param-name>
<param-value>60000</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--Spring上下文 配置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 字符集 过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Spring 监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring 分发器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
有不少人问我,这段代码是什么:
Xml代码
1.<!-- 应用路径 -->
2.<context-param>
3. <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
4. <param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
5.</context-param>
Xml代码
1.<!-- 应用路径 -->
2.<context-param>
3. <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
4. <param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
5.</context-param>
<!-- 应用路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
<param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
</context-param>
这是当前应用的路径变量,也就是说你可以在其他代码中使用${spring.webapp.root}指代当前应用路径。我经常用它来设置log的输出目录。
为什么要设置参数log4jConfigLocation?
Xml代码
1.<!-- Log4J 配置 -->
2. <context-param>
3. <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
4. <param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
5. </context-param>
6. <context-param>
7. <param-name>log4fRefreshInterval</param-name>
8. <param-value>60000</param-value>
9. </context-param>
Xml代码
1.<!-- Log4J 配置 -->
2. <context-param>
3. <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
4. <param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
5. </context-param>
6. <context-param>
7. <param-name>log4fRefreshInterval</param-name>
8. <param-value>60000</param-value>
9. </context-param>
<!-- Log4J 配置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4fRefreshInterval</param-name>
<param-value>60000</param-value>
</context-param>
这是一种基本配置,spring中很多代码使用了不同的日志接口,既有log4j也有commons-logging,这里只是强制转换为log4j!并且,log4j的配置文件只能放在classpath根路径。同时,需要通过commons-logging配置将日志控制权转交给log4j。同时commons-logging.properties必须放置在classpath根路径。
commons-logging内容:
Properties代码
1.org.apache.commons.logging.Log=org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Log4JLogger
Properties代码
1.org.apache.commons.logging.Log=org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Log4JLogger
org.apache.commons.logging.Log=org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Log4JLogger
最后,记得配置log4j的监听器:
Xml代码
1.<listener>
2. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
3.</listener>
Xml代码
1.<listener>
2. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
3.</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
接下来,我们需要配置两套配置文件,applicationContext.xml和servlet.xml。
applicationContext.xml用于对应用层面做整体控制。按照分层思想,统领service层和dao层。servlet.xml则单纯控制controller层。
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
8. <import
9. resource="service.xml" />
10. <import
11. resource="dao.xml" />
12.</beans>
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
8. <import
9. resource="service.xml" />
10. <import
11. resource="dao.xml" />
12.</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<import
resource="service.xml" />
<import
resource="dao.xml" />
</beans>
applicationContext.xml什么都不干,它只管涉及到整体需要的配置,并且集中管理。
这里引入了两个配置文件service.xml和dao.xml分别用于业务、数据处理。
service.xml
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
8. <context:component-scan
9. base-package="org.zlex.spring.service" />
10.</beans>
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
8. <context:component-scan
9. base-package="org.zlex.spring.service" />
10.</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan
base-package="org.zlex.spring.service" />
</beans>
注意,这里通过<context:component-scan />标签指定了业务层的基础包路径——“org.zlex.spring.service”。也就是说,业务层相关实现均在这一层。这是有必要的分层之一。
dao.xml
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
6. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
7. xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
8. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
11. http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
12. <context:component-scan
13. base-package="org.zlex.spring.dao" />
14.</beans>
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
6. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
7. xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
8. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
11. http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
12. <context:component-scan
13. base-package="org.zlex.spring.dao" />
14.</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<context:component-scan
base-package="org.zlex.spring.dao" />
</beans>
dao层如法炮制,包路径是"org.zlex.spring.dao"。从这个角度看,注解还是很方便的!
最后,我们看看servlet.xml
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
8. <context:component-scan
9. base-package="org.zlex.spring.controller" />
10. <bean
11. id="urlMapping"
12. class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
13. <bean
14. class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
15.</beans>
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
8. <context:component-scan
9. base-package="org.zlex.spring.controller" />
10. <bean
11. id="urlMapping"
12. class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
13. <bean
14. class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
15.</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan
base-package="org.zlex.spring.controller" />
<bean
id="urlMapping"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
</beans>
包路径配置就不细说了,都是一个概念。最重要的时候后面两个配置,这将使得注解生效!
“org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping”是默认实现,可以不写,Spring容器默认会默认使用该类。
“org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter”直接关系到多动作控制器配置是否可用!
简单看一下代码结构,如图:
Account类是来存储账户信息,属于域对象,极为简单,代码如下所示:
Account.java
Java代码
1./**
2. * 2010-1-23
3. */
4.package org.zlex.spring.domain;
5.
6.import java.io.Serializable;
7.
8./**
9. *
10. * @author <a href="mailto:zlex.dongliang@gmail.com">梁栋</a>
11. * @version 1.0
12. * @since 1.0
13. */
14.public class Account implements Serializable {
15.
16. /**
17. *
18. */
19. private static final long serialVersionUID = -533698031946372178L;
20.
21. private String username;
22. private String password;
23.
24. /**
25. * @param username
26. * @param password
27. */
28. public Account(String username, String password) {
29. this.username = username;
30. this.password = password;
31. }
32.
33. /**
34. * @return the username
35. */
36. public String getUsername() {
37. return username;
38. }
39.
40. /**
41. * @param username the username to set
42. */
43. public void setUsername(String username) {
44. this.username = username;
45. }
46.
47. /**
48. * @return the password
49. */
50. public String getPassword() {
51. return password;
52. }
53.
54. /**
55. * @param password the password to set
56. */
57. public void setPassword(String password) {
58. this.password = password;
59. }
60.
61.
62.}
Java代码
1./**
2. * 2010-1-23
3. */
4.package org.zlex.spring.domain;
5.
6.import java.io.Serializable;
7.
8./**
9. *
10. * @author <a href="mailto:zlex.dongliang@gmail.com">梁栋</a>
11. * @version 1.0
12. * @since 1.0
13. */
14.public class Account implements Serializable {
15.
16. /**
17. *
18. */
19. private static final long serialVersionUID = -533698031946372178L;
20.
21. private String username;
22. private String password;
23.
24. /**
25. * @param username
26. * @param password
27. */
28. public Account(String username, String password) {
29. this.username = username;
30. this.password = password;
31. }
32.
33. /**
34. * @return the username
35. */
36. public String getUsername() {
37. return username;
38. }
39.
40. /**
41. * @param username the username to set
42. */
43. public void setUsername(String username) {
44. this.username = username;
45. }
46.
47. /**
48. * @return the password
49. */
50. public String getPassword() {
51. return password;
52. }
53.
54. /**
55. * @param password the password to set
56. */
57. public void setPassword(String password) {
58. this.password = password;
59. }
60.
61.
62.}
/**
* 2010-1-23
*/
package org.zlex.spring.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
*
* @author <a href="mailto:zlex.dongliang@gmail.com">梁栋</a>
* @version 1.0
* @since 1.0
*/
public class Account implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -533698031946372178L;
private String username;
private String password;
/**
* @param username
* @param password
*/
public Account(String username, String password) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
/**
* @return the username
*/
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
/**
* @param username the username to set
*/
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
/**
* @return the password
*/
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
/**
* @param password the password to set
*/
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
通常,在构建域对象时,需要考虑该对象可能需要进行网络传输,本地缓存,因此建议实现序列化接口Serializable
我们再来看看控制器,这就稍微复杂了一点代码如下所示:
AccountController .java
Java代码
1./**
2. * 2010-1-23
3. */
4.package org.zlex.spring.controller;
5.
6.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
7.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
8.
9.import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
10.import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
11.import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestUtils;
12.import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
13.import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
14.import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;
15.
16./**
17. *
18. * @author <a href="mailto:zlex.dongliang@gmail.com">梁栋</a>
19. * @version 1.0
20. * @since 1.0
21. */
22.@Controller
23.@RequestMapping("/account.do")
24.public class AccountController {
25.
26. @Autowired
27. private AccountService accountService;
28.
29. @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
30. public void hello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
31. throws Exception {
32.
33. String username = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
34. request, "username");
35. String password = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
36. request, "password");
37. System.out.println(accountService.verify(username, password));
38. }
39.}
Java代码
1./**
2. * 2010-1-23
3. */
4.package org.zlex.spring.controller;
5.
6.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
7.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
8.
9.import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
10.import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
11.import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestUtils;
12.import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
13.import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
14.import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;
15.
16./**
17. *
18. * @author <a href="mailto:zlex.dongliang@gmail.com">梁栋</a>
19. * @version 1.0
20. * @since 1.0
21. */
22.@Controller
23.@RequestMapping("/account.do")
24.public class AccountController {
25.
26. @Autowired
27. private AccountService accountService;
28.
29. @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
30. public void hello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
31. throws Exception {
32.
33. String username = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
34. request, "username");
35. String password = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
36. request, "password");
37. System.out.println(accountService.verify(username, password));
38. }
39.}
/**
* 2010-1-23
*/
package org.zlex.spring.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;
/**
*
* @author <a href="mailto:zlex.dongliang@gmail.com">梁栋</a>
* @version 1.0
* @since 1.0
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account.do")
public class AccountController {
@Autowired
private AccountService accountService;
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public void hello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
String username = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
request, "username");
String password = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
request, "password");
System.out.println(accountService.verify(username, password));
}
}
分段详述:
Java代码
1.@Controller
2.@RequestMapping("/account.do")
Java代码
1.@Controller
2.@RequestMapping("/account.do")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account.do")
这两行注解,@Controller是告诉Spring容器,这是一个控制器类,@RequestMapping("/account.do")是来定义该控制器对应的请求路径(/account.do)
Java代码
我们将用到如下jar包:
引用
aopalliance-1.0.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
log4j-1.2.15.jar
spring-beans-2.5.6.jar
spring-context-2.5.6.jar
spring-context-support-2.5.6.jar
spring-core-2.5.6.jar
spring-tx-2.5.6.jar
spring-web-2.5.6.jar
spring-webmvc-2.5.6.jar
先看web.xml
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<web-app
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4. xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
5. xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
7. id="WebApp_ID"
8. version="2.5">
9. <display-name>spring</display-name>
10. <!-- 应用路径 -->
11. <context-param>
12. <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
13. <param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
14. </context-param>
15. <!-- Log4J 配置 -->
16. <context-param>
17. <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
18. <param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
19. </context-param>
20. <context-param>
21. <param-name>log4fRefreshInterval</param-name>
22. <param-value>60000</param-value>
23. </context-param>
24. <!--Spring上下文 配置 -->
25. <context-param>
26. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
27. <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
28. </context-param>
29. <!-- 字符集 过滤器 -->
30. <filter>
31. <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
32. <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
33. <init-param>
34. <param-name>encoding</param-name>
35. <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
36. </init-param>
37. <init-param>
38. <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
39. <param-value>true</param-value>
40. </init-param>
41. </filter>
42. <filter-mapping>
43. <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
44. <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
45. </filter-mapping>
46. <!-- Spring 监听器 -->
47. <listener>
48. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
49. </listener>
50. <listener>
51. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
52. </listener>
53. <!-- Spring 分发器 -->
54. <servlet>
55. <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
56. <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
57. <init-param>
58. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
59. <param-value>/WEB-INF/servlet.xml</param-value>
60. </init-param>
61. </servlet>
62. <servlet-mapping>
63. <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
64. <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
65. </servlet-mapping>
66. <welcome-file-list>
67. <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
68. <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
69. <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
70. <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
71. <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
72. <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
73. </welcome-file-list>
74.</web-app>
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<web-app
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4. xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
5. xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
7. id="WebApp_ID"
8. version="2.5">
9. <display-name>spring</display-name>
10. <!-- 应用路径 -->
11. <context-param>
12. <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
13. <param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
14. </context-param>
15. <!-- Log4J 配置 -->
16. <context-param>
17. <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
18. <param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
19. </context-param>
20. <context-param>
21. <param-name>log4fRefreshInterval</param-name>
22. <param-value>60000</param-value>
23. </context-param>
24. <!--Spring上下文 配置 -->
25. <context-param>
26. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
27. <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
28. </context-param>
29. <!-- 字符集 过滤器 -->
30. <filter>
31. <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
32. <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
33. <init-param>
34. <param-name>encoding</param-name>
35. <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
36. </init-param>
37. <init-param>
38. <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
39. <param-value>true</param-value>
40. </init-param>
41. </filter>
42. <filter-mapping>
43. <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
44. <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
45. </filter-mapping>
46. <!-- Spring 监听器 -->
47. <listener>
48. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
49. </listener>
50. <listener>
51. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
52. </listener>
53. <!-- Spring 分发器 -->
54. <servlet>
55. <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
56. <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
57. <init-param>
58. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
59. <param-value>/WEB-INF/servlet.xml</param-value>
60. </init-param>
61. </servlet>
62. <servlet-mapping>
63. <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
64. <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
65. </servlet-mapping>
66. <welcome-file-list>
67. <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
68. <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
69. <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
70. <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
71. <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
72. <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
73. </welcome-file-list>
74.</web-app>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID"
version="2.5">
<display-name>spring</display-name>
<!-- 应用路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
<param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Log4J 配置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4fRefreshInterval</param-name>
<param-value>60000</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--Spring上下文 配置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 字符集 过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Spring 监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring 分发器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
有不少人问我,这段代码是什么:
Xml代码
1.<!-- 应用路径 -->
2.<context-param>
3. <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
4. <param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
5.</context-param>
Xml代码
1.<!-- 应用路径 -->
2.<context-param>
3. <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
4. <param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
5.</context-param>
<!-- 应用路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
<param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
</context-param>
这是当前应用的路径变量,也就是说你可以在其他代码中使用${spring.webapp.root}指代当前应用路径。我经常用它来设置log的输出目录。
为什么要设置参数log4jConfigLocation?
Xml代码
1.<!-- Log4J 配置 -->
2. <context-param>
3. <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
4. <param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
5. </context-param>
6. <context-param>
7. <param-name>log4fRefreshInterval</param-name>
8. <param-value>60000</param-value>
9. </context-param>
Xml代码
1.<!-- Log4J 配置 -->
2. <context-param>
3. <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
4. <param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
5. </context-param>
6. <context-param>
7. <param-name>log4fRefreshInterval</param-name>
8. <param-value>60000</param-value>
9. </context-param>
<!-- Log4J 配置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4fRefreshInterval</param-name>
<param-value>60000</param-value>
</context-param>
这是一种基本配置,spring中很多代码使用了不同的日志接口,既有log4j也有commons-logging,这里只是强制转换为log4j!并且,log4j的配置文件只能放在classpath根路径。同时,需要通过commons-logging配置将日志控制权转交给log4j。同时commons-logging.properties必须放置在classpath根路径。
commons-logging内容:
Properties代码
1.org.apache.commons.logging.Log=org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Log4JLogger
Properties代码
1.org.apache.commons.logging.Log=org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Log4JLogger
org.apache.commons.logging.Log=org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Log4JLogger
最后,记得配置log4j的监听器:
Xml代码
1.<listener>
2. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
3.</listener>
Xml代码
1.<listener>
2. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
3.</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
接下来,我们需要配置两套配置文件,applicationContext.xml和servlet.xml。
applicationContext.xml用于对应用层面做整体控制。按照分层思想,统领service层和dao层。servlet.xml则单纯控制controller层。
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
8. <import
9. resource="service.xml" />
10. <import
11. resource="dao.xml" />
12.</beans>
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
8. <import
9. resource="service.xml" />
10. <import
11. resource="dao.xml" />
12.</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<import
resource="service.xml" />
<import
resource="dao.xml" />
</beans>
applicationContext.xml什么都不干,它只管涉及到整体需要的配置,并且集中管理。
这里引入了两个配置文件service.xml和dao.xml分别用于业务、数据处理。
service.xml
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
8. <context:component-scan
9. base-package="org.zlex.spring.service" />
10.</beans>
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
8. <context:component-scan
9. base-package="org.zlex.spring.service" />
10.</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan
base-package="org.zlex.spring.service" />
</beans>
注意,这里通过<context:component-scan />标签指定了业务层的基础包路径——“org.zlex.spring.service”。也就是说,业务层相关实现均在这一层。这是有必要的分层之一。
dao.xml
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
6. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
7. xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
8. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
11. http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
12. <context:component-scan
13. base-package="org.zlex.spring.dao" />
14.</beans>
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
6. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
7. xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
8. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
11. http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
12. <context:component-scan
13. base-package="org.zlex.spring.dao" />
14.</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<context:component-scan
base-package="org.zlex.spring.dao" />
</beans>
dao层如法炮制,包路径是"org.zlex.spring.dao"。从这个角度看,注解还是很方便的!
最后,我们看看servlet.xml
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
8. <context:component-scan
9. base-package="org.zlex.spring.controller" />
10. <bean
11. id="urlMapping"
12. class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
13. <bean
14. class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
15.</beans>
Xml代码
1.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2.<beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
8. <context:component-scan
9. base-package="org.zlex.spring.controller" />
10. <bean
11. id="urlMapping"
12. class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
13. <bean
14. class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
15.</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan
base-package="org.zlex.spring.controller" />
<bean
id="urlMapping"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
</beans>
包路径配置就不细说了,都是一个概念。最重要的时候后面两个配置,这将使得注解生效!
“org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping”是默认实现,可以不写,Spring容器默认会默认使用该类。
“org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter”直接关系到多动作控制器配置是否可用!
简单看一下代码结构,如图:
Account类是来存储账户信息,属于域对象,极为简单,代码如下所示:
Account.java
Java代码
1./**
2. * 2010-1-23
3. */
4.package org.zlex.spring.domain;
5.
6.import java.io.Serializable;
7.
8./**
9. *
10. * @author <a href="mailto:zlex.dongliang@gmail.com">梁栋</a>
11. * @version 1.0
12. * @since 1.0
13. */
14.public class Account implements Serializable {
15.
16. /**
17. *
18. */
19. private static final long serialVersionUID = -533698031946372178L;
20.
21. private String username;
22. private String password;
23.
24. /**
25. * @param username
26. * @param password
27. */
28. public Account(String username, String password) {
29. this.username = username;
30. this.password = password;
31. }
32.
33. /**
34. * @return the username
35. */
36. public String getUsername() {
37. return username;
38. }
39.
40. /**
41. * @param username the username to set
42. */
43. public void setUsername(String username) {
44. this.username = username;
45. }
46.
47. /**
48. * @return the password
49. */
50. public String getPassword() {
51. return password;
52. }
53.
54. /**
55. * @param password the password to set
56. */
57. public void setPassword(String password) {
58. this.password = password;
59. }
60.
61.
62.}
Java代码
1./**
2. * 2010-1-23
3. */
4.package org.zlex.spring.domain;
5.
6.import java.io.Serializable;
7.
8./**
9. *
10. * @author <a href="mailto:zlex.dongliang@gmail.com">梁栋</a>
11. * @version 1.0
12. * @since 1.0
13. */
14.public class Account implements Serializable {
15.
16. /**
17. *
18. */
19. private static final long serialVersionUID = -533698031946372178L;
20.
21. private String username;
22. private String password;
23.
24. /**
25. * @param username
26. * @param password
27. */
28. public Account(String username, String password) {
29. this.username = username;
30. this.password = password;
31. }
32.
33. /**
34. * @return the username
35. */
36. public String getUsername() {
37. return username;
38. }
39.
40. /**
41. * @param username the username to set
42. */
43. public void setUsername(String username) {
44. this.username = username;
45. }
46.
47. /**
48. * @return the password
49. */
50. public String getPassword() {
51. return password;
52. }
53.
54. /**
55. * @param password the password to set
56. */
57. public void setPassword(String password) {
58. this.password = password;
59. }
60.
61.
62.}
/**
* 2010-1-23
*/
package org.zlex.spring.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
*
* @author <a href="mailto:zlex.dongliang@gmail.com">梁栋</a>
* @version 1.0
* @since 1.0
*/
public class Account implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -533698031946372178L;
private String username;
private String password;
/**
* @param username
* @param password
*/
public Account(String username, String password) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
/**
* @return the username
*/
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
/**
* @param username the username to set
*/
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
/**
* @return the password
*/
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
/**
* @param password the password to set
*/
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
通常,在构建域对象时,需要考虑该对象可能需要进行网络传输,本地缓存,因此建议实现序列化接口Serializable
我们再来看看控制器,这就稍微复杂了一点代码如下所示:
AccountController .java
Java代码
1./**
2. * 2010-1-23
3. */
4.package org.zlex.spring.controller;
5.
6.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
7.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
8.
9.import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
10.import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
11.import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestUtils;
12.import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
13.import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
14.import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;
15.
16./**
17. *
18. * @author <a href="mailto:zlex.dongliang@gmail.com">梁栋</a>
19. * @version 1.0
20. * @since 1.0
21. */
22.@Controller
23.@RequestMapping("/account.do")
24.public class AccountController {
25.
26. @Autowired
27. private AccountService accountService;
28.
29. @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
30. public void hello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
31. throws Exception {
32.
33. String username = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
34. request, "username");
35. String password = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
36. request, "password");
37. System.out.println(accountService.verify(username, password));
38. }
39.}
Java代码
1./**
2. * 2010-1-23
3. */
4.package org.zlex.spring.controller;
5.
6.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
7.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
8.
9.import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
10.import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
11.import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestUtils;
12.import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
13.import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
14.import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;
15.
16./**
17. *
18. * @author <a href="mailto:zlex.dongliang@gmail.com">梁栋</a>
19. * @version 1.0
20. * @since 1.0
21. */
22.@Controller
23.@RequestMapping("/account.do")
24.public class AccountController {
25.
26. @Autowired
27. private AccountService accountService;
28.
29. @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
30. public void hello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
31. throws Exception {
32.
33. String username = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
34. request, "username");
35. String password = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
36. request, "password");
37. System.out.println(accountService.verify(username, password));
38. }
39.}
/**
* 2010-1-23
*/
package org.zlex.spring.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;
/**
*
* @author <a href="mailto:zlex.dongliang@gmail.com">梁栋</a>
* @version 1.0
* @since 1.0
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account.do")
public class AccountController {
@Autowired
private AccountService accountService;
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public void hello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
String username = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
request, "username");
String password = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
request, "password");
System.out.println(accountService.verify(username, password));
}
}
分段详述:
Java代码
1.@Controller
2.@RequestMapping("/account.do")
Java代码
1.@Controller
2.@RequestMapping("/account.do")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account.do")
这两行注解,@Controller是告诉Spring容器,这是一个控制器类,@RequestMapping("/account.do")是来定义该控制器对应的请求路径(/account.do)
Java代码
- spring注解1.rar (2.2 MB)
- 下载次数: 95
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loongdomShop.tar.gz
内容概要:本文探讨了不同交互模式(文本、中性语音、吸引人语音)和对话类型(开放式、非个人化、个人化)对聊天机器人使用者的心理社会效果(如孤独感、社交互动、情感依赖、不当使用)的影响。研究表明,在初期阶段,语音型聊天机器人比文本型更能缓解孤独感并减少情感依赖,但随着每日使用时间增加,这种优势逐渐消失,尤其是对于中性语音聊天机器人。此外,个人话题对话略微增加了孤独感,而非个人话题则导致更高的情感依赖。总体而言,高频率使用聊天机器人的用户表现出更多的孤独感、情感依赖和不当使用,同时减少了真实人际交往。研究还发现,某些个体特征(如依恋倾向、情绪回避)使用户更容易受到负面影响。 适合人群:心理学家、社会学家、人工智能研究人员以及关注心理健康和人机交互的专业人士。 使用场景及目标:①帮助理解不同类型聊天机器人对用户心理健康的潜在影响;②为设计更健康的人工智能系统提供指导;③制定政策和规范,确保聊天机器人的安全和有效使用。 其他说明:研究强调了进一步探索聊天机器人管理情感内容而不引发依赖或替代人际关系的重要性,呼吁更多跨学科的研究来评估长期影响。
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界面设计_SwiftUI_习惯养成_项目管理_1742850611.zip
免安装版的logic软件包。支持波形实时查看。内含驱动文件。
1. **系统名称**:学生毕业离校系统 2. **技术栈**:Java技术、MySQL数据库、Spring Boot框架、B/S架构、Tomcat服务器、Eclipse开发环境 3. **系统功能**: - **管理员功能**:首页、个人中心、学生管理、教师管理、离校信息管理、费用结算管理、论文审核管理、管理员管理、留言板管理、系统管理。 - **学生功能**:首页、个人中心、费用结算管理、论文审核管理、我的收藏管理。 - **教师功能**:首页、个人中心、学生管理、离校信息管理、费用结算管理、论文审核管理。
配套文章:https://blog.csdn.net/gust2013/article/details/139608432
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资源内项目源码是来自个人的毕业设计,代码都测试ok,包含源码、数据集、可视化页面和部署说明,可产生核心指标曲线图、混淆矩阵、F1分数曲线、精确率-召回率曲线、验证集预测结果、标签分布图。都是运行成功后才上传资源,毕设答辩评审绝对信服的保底85分以上,放心下载使用,拿来就能用。包含源码、数据集、可视化页面和部署说明一站式服务,拿来就能用的绝对好资源!!! 项目备注 1、该资源内项目代码都经过测试运行成功,功能ok的情况下才上传的,请放心下载使用! 2、本项目适合计算机相关专业(如计科、人工智能、通信工程、自动化、电子信息等)的在校学生、老师或者企业员工下载学习,也适合小白学习进阶,当然也可作为毕设项目、课程设计、大作业、项目初期立项演示等。 3、如果基础还行,也可在此代码基础上进行修改,以实现其他功能,也可用于毕设、课设、作业等。 下载后请首先打开README.txt文件,仅供学习参考, 切勿用于商业用途。
mips-gcc520-glibc222编译工具链.zip
app开发
内容概要:本文档详细介绍了Swift编程语言的基础知识,涵盖语言特点、基础语法、集合类型、控制流、函数定义、面向对象编程、可选类型、错误处理、协议与扩展以及内存管理等方面的内容。此外还简要提及了Swift与UIKit/SwiftUI的关系,并提供了进一步学习的资源推荐。通过这份文档,读者可以全面了解Swift的基本概念及其在iOS/macOS/watchOS/tvOS平台的应用开发中的使用方法。 适合人群:初学者或者希望从其他编程语言转向Swift的开发者。 使用场景及目标:帮助读者快速上手Swift编程,掌握其基本语法和特性,能够独立完成简单的程序编写任务,为进一步学习高级主题如并发编程、图形界面设计打下坚实的基础。 阅读建议:由于Swift是一门现代化的语言,拥有许多独特的特性和最佳实践方式,在学习过程中应当多加练习并尝试理解背后的原理。同时利用提供的官方文档和其他辅助材料加深印象。
资源内项目源码是来自个人的毕业设计,代码都测试ok,包含源码、数据集、可视化页面和部署说明,可产生核心指标曲线图、混淆矩阵、F1分数曲线、精确率-召回率曲线、验证集预测结果、标签分布图。都是运行成功后才上传资源,毕设答辩评审绝对信服的保底85分以上,放心下载使用,拿来就能用。包含源码、数据集、可视化页面和部署说明一站式服务,拿来就能用的绝对好资源!!! 项目备注 1、该资源内项目代码都经过测试运行成功,功能ok的情况下才上传的,请放心下载使用! 2、本项目适合计算机相关专业(如计科、人工智能、通信工程、自动化、电子信息等)的在校学生、老师或者企业员工下载学习,也适合小白学习进阶,当然也可作为毕设项目、课程设计、大作业、项目初期立项演示等。 3、如果基础还行,也可在此代码基础上进行修改,以实现其他功能,也可用于毕设、课设、作业等。 下载后请首先打开README.txt文件,仅供学习参考, 切勿用于商业用途。