Ubuntu下安装nginx

1）、下载

　　sudo wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.2.tar.gz

2）、解压

　　sudo  tar -xzvf nginx-1.2.2.tar.gz

3）、进入相关目录进行以下操作

./configure

make  

sudo make install

　　如果你运气好的话，一切ok，不过...........哈哈。Ubuntu默认的策略是什么库都不装，依赖的库都需要自已手工安装搞定。 一般都会出错的，那么我们来看看可能出现的问题。

4）、常见问题解决办法

　　缺少pcre library 

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library. You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option. 

　　解决方法：下载安装pcre-8.31解决问题，解压后对pcre进行如下操作

sudo wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.31.tar.gz
sudo  tar -xzvf pcre-8.31.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/pcre-8.31
./configure  
make  
sudo make install

　　运气好一次通过，运气不好，make pcre时会出错

　　缺少gcc-c++和libtool，也就是c++编译包

libtool: compile: unrecognized option `-DHAVE_CONFIG_H' 
libtool: compile: Try `libtool --help' for more information. 
make[1]: *** [pcrecpp.lo] Error 1 
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src//pcre-8.31' 
make: *** [all] Error 2root@wolfdog-virtual-machine:~/work/pcre-8.12$ libtool -help -DHAVE_CONFIG_H 
The program 'libtool' is currently not installed.  You can install it by typing: 
sudo apt-get install libtool 

　　解决方法：需要先安装libtool和gcc-c++

sudo apt-get install libtool 

sudo apt-get install gcc-c++

　　大爷啊~~~这时候可能又会报错啊，坑爹啊~~~

　　缺少openssl库

./configure: error: the HTTP cache module requires md5 functions 
from OpenSSL library.  You can either disable the module by using 
--without-http-cache option, or install the OpenSSL library into the system, 
or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source with nginx by using 
--with-http_ssl_module --with-openssl=<path> options. 

　　缺少zlib库

./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library. 
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module 
option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library 
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option. 

　　解决办法：少什么就安装什么呗。

sudo apt-get install openssl libssl-dev libperl-dev 

　　4）、解决了以上问题，编译nginx就没啥问题了。下面安装。（附加安装插件的方法）

　　先下载插件并解压

sudo wget https://github.com/agentzh/echo-nginx-module/tarball/v0.40rc1 -O echo-nginx-module.tar.gz
sudo wget https://nodeload.github.com/agentzh/memc-nginx-module/tarball/v0.13rc3 -O memc-nginx-module.tar.gz
sudo  tar -xzvf echo-nginx-module.tar.gz
sudo  tar -xzvf memc-nginx-module.tar.gz

　　进入nginx目录cd nginx-1.2.2/，执行以下命令

./configure --user=www-data --group=www-data --with-debug --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=../pcre-8.31/ --with-http_perl_module  --with-perl=/usr/bin/perl --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_realip_module \
    --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
    --add-module=../agentzh-echo-nginx-module-9259898/ \
    --add-module=../agentzh-memc-nginx-module-4007350/ \

注：前面一段是一些编译参数，后面add-module是添加模块
make -j2
make install

　　大爷的，又可能报错。没有nginx,logs目录访问权限

[alert]: could not open error log file: open() "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log" failed (13: Permission denied) 
2011/03/21 06:09:33 [emerg] 24855#0: mkdir() "/usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp" failed (13: Permission denied) 

　　解决办法：

sudo chmod a+rwx -R logs  
sudo chmod a+rwx -R /usr/local/nginx  

　　现在，差不多没问题了。

　　可以进入/usr/local/nginx/sbin/执行以下命令看是否成功：

　　nginx -v

5）、nginx自启动

编辑启动脚本：

sudo vim /etc/init.d/nginx

#! /bin/bash
#
# nginx      Start up the nginx server daemon
#
# chkconfig: 2345 55 25
# Description: starts and stops the nginx web server
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          nginx
# Required-Start:    $all
# Required-Stop:     $all
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Description:       starts and stops the nginx web server
### END INIT INFO
 
# To install:
#   copy this file to /etc/init.d/nginx
#   shell> chkconfig --add nginx (RedHat)
#   shell> update-rc.d -f nginx defaults (debian)
 
# To uninstall:
#   shell> chkconfig --del nginx (RedHat)
#   shell> update-rc.d -f nginx remove
 
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin
NAME=nginx
DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME
CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/nginx/conf/$NAME.conf
PIDFILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid
ULIMIT=10240
 
set -e
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0
 
do_start() {
    echo "Starting $NAME ..."
    ulimit -SHn $ULIMIT
    $DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE
}
 
do_stop() {
    echo "Shutting down $NAME ..."
    kill -15 `cat $PIDFILE`
}
 
do_reload() {
    echo "Reloading $NAME ..."
    kill -HUP `cat $PIDFILE`
}
 
case "$1" in
    start)
        [ ! -f "$PIDFILE" ] && do_start || echo "nginx already running"
    echo -e ".\ndone"
        ;;
    stop)
        [ -f "$PIDFILE" ] && do_stop || echo "nginx not running"
    echo -e ".\ndone"
        ;;
    restart)
        [ -f "$PIDFILE" ] && do_stop || echo "nginx not running"
        do_start
    echo -e ".\ndone"
        ;;
    reload)
        [ -f "$PIDFILE" ] && do_reload || echo "nginx not running"
    echo -e ".\ndone"
        ;;
    *)
    N=/etc/init.d/$NAME
    echo "Usage: $N {start|stop|restart|reload}" >&2
    exit 1
    ;;
esac
exit 0

　　红色部分，根据自己的路径修改。

6）、常用命令

重启nginx：service nginx restart

启动：service nginx start

关闭：service nginx stop

7）、linux常用命令

tar(z-用 gzip 对存档压缩或解压;x-从存档展开文件;v-详细显示处理的文件;f-指定存档或设备) 
tar –zxvf nginx-0.8.54.tar.gz 

ip查看 
ifconfig 

编译 
make 

安装编译好的源码包 
make install 

编辑文件 
sudo gedit  /etc/profile 

修改根限：chmod说明(u:与文件属主拥有一样的权限[a:所有人]；+:增加权限;rwx:可读可写可执行） 
-R:递归所有目录和文件 
sudo chmod a+rwx -R logs 

检查是库是否安装成功 
dpkg --list|grep openssl 

下载安装库 
sudo apt-get install libtool 

检查服务启动是否正常 
ps -ef|grep 

查找openssl安装路径 
whereis openssl 

更新源 
sudo apt-get update 

更新已安装的包 
sudo apt-get upgrade