基本信息
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操作系统:CentOS Release 6.3 (Final)
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内核版本:Kernel Linux 2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64
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Oracle版本:Oracle 11g Release2
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安装包:linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip、linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
安装准备
上传安装文件
将两个压缩文件覆盖解压后得到文件夹database,借助SSH工具上传到服务器上,目录如:/home/database
创建组
# groupadd dba
# groupadd oinstall
创建用户
# useradd –g oinstall –G dba oracle
修改用户密码
# passwd oracle
创建安装目录
# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1
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# mkdir -p /opt/oraInventory
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# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/oradata
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# mkdir -p /var/opt/oracle
设置目录的所有者、所属组和权限
# chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle
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# chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle/oradata
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# chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1
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# chown -R oracle.dba /opt/oraInventory
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# chown oracle.dba /var/opt/oracle
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# chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle
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# chmod -R 755 /var/opt/oracle
设置用户oracle的环境变量
# su – oracle
# vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile
在文件中添加如下:
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export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
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export ORACLE_HOME=
$ORACLE_BASE/product/
11.2/db_1
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export ORACLE_SID=orcl
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export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
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export ORACLE_TERM=vt100
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export PATH=
$PATH:
$ORACLE_HOME/bin:
$HOME/bin
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export PATH=
$ORACLE_HOME/bin:
$PATH
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LD_LIBRARY_PATH=
$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/
local/lib
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export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
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CLASSPATH=
$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:
$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
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CLASSPATH=
$CLASSPATH:
$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
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export CLASSPATH
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PATH=
$PATH:/usr/sbin; export PATH
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PATH=
$PATH:/usr/bin; export PATH
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ORA_NLS33=
$ORACLE_HOME/nls/admin/data
保存退出,执行以下命令使得配置立刻生效或使用Oracle重登陆系统
# source $HOME/.bash_profile
开始安装
进入数据库安装文件(database文件夹)所在目录,如:/home/,为所有用户授权
# chmod –R 777 database
切换到oracle用户,使用oracle重登陆或使用下面命令切换用户
# su – oracle
进入database目录,运行安装文件开始安装
# ./runInstaller
进入图形化界面,一步步安装,取消勾选I wish…(依照个人),点击Next,弹出确认框再点Yes
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三选一界面,选择第二项:Install database software only
保持默认:Singel instance database installation,点击Next
选择产品语言,默认英语,附加选择了简体中文,点击Next
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选择数据库版本,默认企业版,点击Next
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配置Oracle安装目录,由于安装前环境变量的配置,安装程序自动读取配置,自动选择好了Oracle Base和Software Location,如图所示,点击Next
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同上,Oracle Inventory Directory目录也自动选择好了,oraInventory Group Name选择安装前创建的组dba,点击Next
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保持默认,两个组都选择的dba,点击Next
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安装检查中
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检查结束,不满足条件列表
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解决以上错误,新建命令行窗口,切换到root用户,需要输入root的密码
# su – root
修改进程数和最大会话数的设置,执行
# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
(在该文件的最后追加下面四行)
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oracle soft nproc
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oracle hard nproc
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oracle soft nofile
1024
oracle hard nofile
65536
系统内核参数设置
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
(在该文件后追加以下内容)
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kernel.sem =
250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range =
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fs.file-max =
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net.core.rmem_default =
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net.core.rmem_max =
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net.core.wmem_default =
262144
net.core.wmem_max =
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fs.aio-max-nr =
1048576
保存退出,立即生效执行:
# cd /etc
# sysctl -p
安装以下列表中的包(使用yum在线安装),其中pdksh-5.2.14没有找到,不安装也没有问题
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-libaio-0.3.105(i386)
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-libaio-devel-0.3.105(i386)
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-libaio-devel-0.3.105(x86_64)
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-glibc-2.3.4-2.41(i686)
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-compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3(i386)
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-compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3(x86_64)
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-gcc-c++-3.4.6(x86_64)
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-elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97(x86_64)
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-libgcc-3.4.6(i386)
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-libstdc++-3.4.6(i386)
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-unixODBC-2.2.11(i386)
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-unixODBC-2.2.11(x86_64)
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-unixODBC-devel-2.2.11(i386)
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-unixODBC-devel-2.2.11(x86_64)
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-pdksh-5.2.14(x86_64)
以上步骤完成后点击按钮Check Again,发现不满足列表并没有清除,而是少了一些,此时勾选右侧复选框Ignore all即可向下安装了,直到安装完成。
安装监听器
使用oracle用户登陆系统或在命令行窗口切换到oracle用户,执行
# netca
进入图形化配置,直接默认下一步,到最后完成,其中你也可以修改监听去的名称,协议,端口。
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安装完成后可以使用如下命令来查看监听是否配置成功
# ps –ef
安装数据库程序
执行
# dbca
进入图形化配置界面,几乎全Next
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配置全局数据库名称,如果该服务器只安装这一个数据库建议使用orcl,鉴于习惯作
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备配置四个内置超级管理员密码,建议统一密码,便于记忆用
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提示密码过于简单,不管它,点击Yes
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到这数据库实例就算创建完成了!并且会自动启动!
PS:10g客户端连接11g服务器需要手动修改客户端文件,如下:
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X:\oracle\product\10.2.0\client_1\network\ADMIN
文件名:
tnsnames.ora
修改前不要忘记备份原文件,手动配置要连接的11g数据库连接信息,如:
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ORCL_11g =
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(DESCRIPTION =
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(ADDRESS_LIST =
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(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =
172.25.
78.88)(PORT =
1521))
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)
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(CONNECT_DATA =
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(SID = orcl)
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(SERVER = DEDICATED)
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)
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)
其中:
ORCL_11g为本地连接服务名
172.25.78.88为数据库所在服务器IP
你会发现CONNECT_DATA内部和10g的配置不同,这就是区别,导致PL/SQL连不上11g
参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangyongli2011/archive/2012/04/04/2431953.html
http://www.linuxsight.com/blog/238
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