Spring MVC (二)

一、IOC和DI的理解

1、两个词：控制、反转

类的实现的控制权从调用类中移除并转交个容器(Spring)

2、DI更好的阐述了以上概念

类的实现依赖容器注入更加清晰

3、DI的类型

构造函数的注入、属性注入(setter注入)、接口注入

interface Service {
	public void injectUserDao(UserDao userDao);
}

class UserService implements Service {
	private UserDao userDao;

	//构造函数的注入
	public UserService(UserDao userDao) {
		this.userDao = userDao;
	}
	
	// 属性的注入
	public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
		this.userDao = userDao;
	}

	//接口注入
	@Override
	public void injectUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
		this.userDao = userDao;
	}
}

 

4、容器的注入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="userDAO" class="com.sosop.dao.imp.UserDAOImp" />
    <bean id="userService" class="com.service.imp.UserServiceImp" 
    p: userDAO-ref="userDAO"/>
</beans>

 实现原理：使用java的反射机制

由ClassLoader的loadClass("com.sosop....")加载字节码Class对象，再由Class对象newInstance生成实例以及获得类的构造方法、字段以及方法等成员，具体参考java的反射

5、资源抽象接口

Resource接口有很多实现类，如ClassPathResource,FileSystemResource等

资源地址的表达式：

类路径加载资源：classpath: com/sosop/...

目录中加载资源：file:/home/sosop/...

WEB服务器中加载资源：http://www.sososp.com/...

ftp服务器中加载资源：ftp://www.sosop.com/...

ApplicationContext对应的类： com/sososp/bean.xml

 

二、IoC容器装配bean

 1、装配一个bean

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="idName" class="package.class">
</bean>

 

 2、bean命名：尽量使用id，避免使用name

区别就是name上命名几乎没有任何限制，使用id吧

3、依赖注入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
	
	<!-- 属性注入 -->
	<bean id="user1" class="com.sosop.model.User">
		<property name="name"><value>sosop</value></property>
	</bean>
	<bean id="user2" class="com.sosop.model.User">
		<property name="name" value="sosop"/>
	</bean>
	<bean id="friend" class="com.sosop.model.User"/>
	<bean id="user3" class="com.sosop.model.User">
		<property name="friend" ref="friend"/>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 构造器注入 -->
	<bean id="user4" class="com.sosop.model.User">
		<!-- 这里还有根据类型type、根据index参数的顺序 -->
		<constructor-arg name="name" value="sosop"/>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 非静态工厂类 -->
	<bean id="factory"  class="com.sosop.UserFactory"/>
	<bean id="user5" factory-bean="factory" factory-method="createUser"/>
	
	<!-- 静态工厂类 -->
	<bean id="user6" class="com.sosop.StaticUserFactory" factory-method="getInstance"/>
	<bean/>
	
	<!-- null -->
	<bean id="user7" class="com.sosop.model.User">
		<property name="name"><null/></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!--级联  -->
	<bean id="user8" class="com.sosop.model.User">
		<property name="friend.name"><value>oudi</value></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 集合 -->
	<bean id="user9" class="com.sosop.model.User">
		<!-- List -->
		<property name="books">
			<list>
				<value>java</value>
				<value>c</value>
				<value>ruby</value>
			</list>
		</property>
		<!-- Set -->
		<property name="hobies">
			<list>
				<value>football</value>
				<value>swimming</value>
				<value>girls</value>
			</list>
		</property>
		<!-- Map -->
		<property name="phone">
			<map>
				<entry key="telephone" value="1234567"/>
				<entry key="mobilphone" value="18888888888"/>
			</map>
		</property>
		<!-- Porperties -->
		<property name="mails">
			<props>
				<prop key="sian">[e-mail]</prop>
				<prop key="gmail">[e-mail]</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
	<!-- 
		记住集合合并：父集合有abstract,子集合parent,集合属性merge=true
		方便快捷的配置集合类型使用util命名空间
	 -->
	 
	 <!-- 
	 使用P命名空间：xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	 -->
	 <bean id="user10" class="com.sosop.model.User" p:name="sosop" p:friend-ref="friend" />
	 
	 
</beans>

 

5、自动装配

byName、byType、constructor、autodetect(有默认构造则用byType,否则用constructor)

6、类之间的关系

继承：父类abstract=true  子类parent="父类id"

依赖：depends-on="classId"

引用：p: id="classId"   <idref bean="classId"/>

7、整合多个配置文件

在applicationContext.xml中整合多个配置文件，当多个人开发一个项目，每个人负责一个模块或功能时，很有用

<import resource="classpath*: com/sosop/*" />

<import resource="services.xml"/>
<import resource="resources/messageSource.xml"/>
<import resource="/resources/themeSource.xml"/>

8、bean的作用域：singleton、prototype、request、session、globalSession

 三、基于注解配置

现在在项目中一般都使用注解的方式，方便简洁

下面是不久前做的一个项目部分注解配置

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">


	<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>

	<context:annotation-config />

	<context:component-scan base-package="com.tcl.phone" />

	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />

	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"
                                       proxy-target-class="true"/>
                                       
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"
		p:locations="classpath:jdbc.properties" p:fileEncoding="utf-8" />

	<bean id="dataSource" destroy-method="close"
		class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" p:driverClassName="${jdbc.drive}"
		p:url="${jdbc.url}" p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}"
		p:maxActive="${jdbc.maxActive}" p:maxIdle="${jdbc.maxIdle}" p:maxWait="${jdbc.maxWait}"
		p:defaultAutoCommit="${jdbc.defaultAutoCommit}" />

	<bean id="txManager"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
		p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />

	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="*" />
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut id="serviceOperation"
			expression="execution(* com.tcl.phone.service..*.*(..))" />
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceOperation" />
	</aop:config>

	<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"
		p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" 
		p:configLocation="classpath:com/tcl/phone/data/mybatis-config.xml"
		p:mapperLocations="classpath*:com/tcl/phone/data/*Mapper.xml" />
		
	<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">  
    	<constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>  
	</bean> 
	    
</beans>

 

package com.tcl.phone.model;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Admin {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	
	public Admin() {}
	
	public Admin(int id) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
	}
	public Admin(String name) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
}

 

package com.tcl.phone.dao.imp;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.tcl.phone.dao.IAdminDAO;
import com.tcl.phone.model.Admin;

@Repository("adminDAO")
public class AdminDAO extends BaseDAO<Admin> implements IAdminDAO {
	
}

 

package com.tcl.phone.service.imp;


import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.tcl.phone.dao.IAdminDAO;
import com.tcl.phone.model.Admin;
import com.tcl.phone.service.IAdminService;


@Service("adminService")
public class AdminService implements IAdminService {

	private IAdminDAO adminDAO;
	
	@Resource(name="adminDAO")
	public void setUserDao(IAdminDAO adminDAO) {
		this.adminDAO = adminDAO;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean validAdmin(String name) {
		Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
		map.put("a_name", name.trim());
		Admin admin = adminDAO.selectByFields(map);
		if(admin == null)
			return false;
		else
			return true;
	}

	@Override
	public String save(Admin admin) {
		//admin.setName(admin.getName().trim().replace(" ", "."));
		return String.valueOf(adminDAO.insert(admin));
	}

	@Override
	public String remove(String name) {
		Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
		map.put("a_name", name);
		return String.valueOf(adminDAO.deleteByField(map));
	}

	@Override
	public Set<String> query() {
		Set<String> admins = new HashSet<>();
		for(Admin admin : adminDAO.select(new Admin())) {
			admins.add(admin.getName());
		}
		return admins;
	}
}

 

package com.tcl.phone.web.controller;

import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.tcl.phone.model.Admin;
import com.tcl.phone.service.IAdminService;
import com.tcl.phone.utils.CollectionUtil;
import com.tcl.phone.utils.Constant;
import com.tcl.phone.utils.LDAPUtil;

@Controller
public class AdminController {
	
	private IAdminService adminService;
	
	@Resource(name="adminService")
	public void setAdminService(IAdminService adminService) {
		this.adminService = adminService;
	}

	@RequestMapping(Constant.ADMIN_ADD_PATH)
	public @ResponseBody String addAdmin(@RequestParam String name) {
		String real = name.trim();
		return adminService.save(new Admin(real));
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(Constant.ADMIN_REMOVE_PATH)
	public @ResponseBody String removeAdmin(@RequestParam String name) {
		return adminService.remove(name.trim());
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(Constant.ADMIN_SHOW_PATH)
	public ModelAndView showAdmin() {
		ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
		Set<String> admins = adminService.query();
		Map<String, String> users = LDAPUtil.getUsers();
		mav.addObject("admins", admins);
		//mav.addObject("users", new CollectionUtil<String>().sub(users, admins));
		mav.addObject("users", new CollectionUtil<String, String>().removeKeys(users, admins));
		mav.addObject("menu", 11);
		mav.setViewName(Constant.ADMIN_PAGE_PATH);
		return mav;
	}
}

<context:component-scan base-package="org.example">
    <context:include-filter type="regex" expression=".*Stub.*Repository"/>
    <context:exclude-filter type="annotation"
            expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository"/>
</context:component-scan>

 
＠Autowire和＠Qualifier很少用