Linux安全配置步骤简述

jiava9900

浏览: 86712 次
性别:
来自: 天津

最近访客更多访客>>

sxzizml123

yangyansong123

245871388

无色木头

博主相关

博客

微博

相册

留言

关于我

文章分类

社区版块

存档分类

博客分类：

Linux安全配置步骤简述
java

Linux安全配置步骤简述 java 工作

<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Linux安全配置步骤简述?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">一、磁盘分区?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">1、如果是新安装系统，对磁盘分区应考虑安全性：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">　　1）根目录（/）、用户目录（/home）、临时目录（/tmp）和/var目录应分开到不同的磁盘分区；?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">　　2）以上各目录所在分区的磁盘空间大小应充分考虑，避免因某些原因造成分区空间用完而导致系统崩溃；?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">2、对于/tmp和/var目录所在分区，大多数情况下不需要有suid属性的程序，所以应为这些分区添加nosuid属性；?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">　　　　方法一：修改/etc/fstab文件，添加nosuid属性字。例如：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">　　　　/dev/hda2 /tmp ext2 exec,dev,nosuid,rw 0 0?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">^^^^^^?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">　　　　方法二：如果对/etc/fstab文件操作不熟，建议通过linuxconf程序来修改。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">　　　　＊　运行linuxconf程序；?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">　　　　＊　选择"File systems"下的"Access local drive"；?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">　　　　＊　选择需要修改属性的磁盘分区；?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">　　　　＊　选择"No setuid programs allowed"选项；?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">　　　　＊　根据需要选择其它可选项；?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">　　　　＊　正常退出。（一般会提示重新mount该分区）?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">二、安装?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">1、对于非测试主机，不应安装过多的软件包。这样可以降低因软件包而导致出现安全漏洞的可能性。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">2、对于非测试主机，在选择主机启动服务时不应选择非必需的服务。例如routed、ypbind等。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">三、安全配置与增强?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">内核升级。起码要升级至2.2.16以上版本。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">GNU libc共享库升级。（警告：如果没有经验，不可轻易尝试。可暂缓。）?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">关闭危险的网络服务。echo、chargen、shell、login、finger、NFS、RPC等?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">关闭非必需的网络服务。talk、ntalk、pop-2等?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">常见网络服务安全配置与升级?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">确保网络服务所使用版本为当前最新和最安全的版本。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">取消匿名FTP访问?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">去除非必需的suid程序?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">使用tcpwrapper?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">使用ipchains防火墙?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">日志系统syslogd?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">一些细节：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">1.操作系统内部的log file是检测是否有网络入侵的重要线索，当然这个假定你的logfile不被侵入者所破坏，如果你有台服务器用专线直接连到Internet上，这意味着你的IP地址是永久固定的地址，你会发现有很多人对你的系统做telnet/ftp登录尝试，试着运行#more /var/log/secure | grep refused 去检查。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">2. 限制具有SUID权限标志的程序数量，具有该权限标志的程序以root身份运行，是一个潜在的安全漏洞，当然，有些程序是必须要具有该标志的，象passwd程序。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">3.BIOS安全。设置BIOS密码且修改引导次序禁止从软盘启动系统。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">4. 用户口令。用户口令是Linux安全的一个最基本的起点，很多人使用的用户口令就是简单的‘password'，这等于给侵入者敞开了大门，虽然从理论上说没有不能确解的用户口令，只要有足够的时间和资源可以利用。比较好的用户口令是那些只有他自己能够容易记得并理解的一串字符，并且绝对不要在任何地方写出来。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">5./etc/exports 文件。如果你使用NFS网络文件系统服务，那么确保你的/etc/exports具有最严格的存取权限设置，不意味着不要使用任何通配符，不允许root写权限，mount成只读文件系统。编辑文件/etc/exports并且加：例如：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">/dir/to/export host1.mydomain.com(ro,root_squash)?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">/dir/to/export host2.mydomain.com(ro,root_squash)?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">/dir/to/export 是你想输出的目录，host.mydomain.com是登录这个目录的机器名，?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">ro意味着mount成只读系统，root_squash禁止root写入该目录。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">为了让上面的改变生效，运行/usr/sbin/exportfs -a
<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">6.确信/etc/inetd.conf的所有者是root，且文件权限设置为600 。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod 600 /etc/inetd.conf?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">ENSURE that the owner is root.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# stat /etc/inetd.conf?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">File: "/etc/inetd.conf"?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Size: 2869 Filetype: Regular File?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Mode: (0600/-rw-------) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Device: 8,6 Inode: 18219 Links: 1?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Access: Wed Sep 22 16:24:16 1999(00000.00:10:44)?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Modify: Mon Sep 20 10:22:44 1999(00002.06:12:16)?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Change:Mon Sep 20 10:22:44 1999(00002.06:12:16)?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">编辑/etc/inetd.conf禁止以下服务：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">ftp, telnet, shell, login, exec, talk, ntalk, imap, pop-2, pop-3, finger,?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">auth, etc. 除非你真的想用它。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">特别是禁止那些r命令.如果你用ssh/scp，那么你也可以禁止掉telnet/ftp。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">为了使改变生效，运行#killall -HUP inetd?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">你也可以运行#chattr +i /etc/inetd.conf使该文件具有不可更改属性。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">只有root才能解开，用命令?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#chattr -i /etc/inetd.conf?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">7. TCP_WRAPPERS?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">默认地，Redhat Linux允许所有的请求,用TCP_WRAPPERS增强你的站点的安全性是举手?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">之劳，你可以放入?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">“ALL: ALL”到/etc/hosts.deny中禁止所有的请求，然后放那些明确允许的请求到?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">/etc/hosts.allow中，如:?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">sshd: 192.168.1.10/255.255.255.0 gate.openarch.com?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">对IP地址192.168.1.10和主机名gate.openarch.com，允许通过ssh连接。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">配置完了之后，用tcpdchk检查?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# tcpdchk?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">tcpchk是TCP_Wrapper配置检查工具，?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">它检查你的tcp wrapper配置并报告所有发现的潜在/存在的问题。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">8. 别名文件aliases?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">编辑别名文件/etc/aliases（也可能是/etc/mail/aliases)，移走/注释掉下面的行。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;"># Basic system aliases -- these MUST be present.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">MAILER-DAEMON: postmaster?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">postmaster: root?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;"># General redirections for pseudo accounts.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">bin: root?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">daemon: root?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#games: root ?remove or comment out.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#ingres: root ?remove or comment out.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">nobody: root?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#system: root ?remove or comment out.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#toor: root ?remove or comment out.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#uucp: root ?remove or comment out.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;"># Well-known aliases.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#manager: root ?remove or comment out.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#dumper: root ?remove or comment out.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#operator: root ?remove or comment out.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;"># trap decode to catch security attacks?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#decode: root?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;"># Person who should get root's mail?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#root: marc?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">最后更新后不要忘记运行/usr/bin/newaliases，使改变生效。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">9.阻止你的系统响应任何从外部/内部来的ping请求。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">既然没有人能ping通你的机器并收到响应，你可以大大增强你的站点的安全性。你可以加下面的一行命令到/etc/rc.d/rc.local，以使每次启动后自动运行。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">echo 1 >; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">10. 不要显示出操作系统和版本信息。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">如果你希望某个人远程登录到你的服务器时不要显示操作系统和版本信息，你能改变?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">/etc/inetd.conf中的一行象下面这样：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">telnet stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd in.telnetd -h?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">加-h标志在最后使得telnet后台不要显示系统信息，而仅仅显示login:?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">11.The /etc/host.conf file?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">编辑host.conf文件(vi /etc/host.conf)且加下面的行：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;"># Lookup names via DNS first then fall back to /etc/hosts.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">order bind,hosts?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;"># We don't have machines with multiple IP addresses on the same card?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">(like virtual server,IP Aliasing).?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">multi off?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;"># Check for IP address spoofing.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">nospoof on?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">IP Spoofing: IP-Spoofing is a security exploit that works by tricking?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">computers in a trust relationship that you are someone that you really aren't.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">12. The /etc/securetty file?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">该文件指定了允许root登录的tty设备，/etc/securetty被/bin/login程序读取,它的?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">格式是一行一个被允许的名字列表，如你可以编辑/etc/securetty且注释出下面的行。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">tty1?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#tty2?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#tty3?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#tty4?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#tty5?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#tty6?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#tty7?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#tty8?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-意味着root仅仅被允许在tty1终端登录。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">13. 特别的帐号?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">禁止所有默认的被操作系统本身启动的且不需要的帐号，当你第一次装上系统时就应该做此检查，Linux提供了各种帐号，你可能不需要，如果你不需要这个帐号，就移走它，你有的帐号越多，就越容易受到攻击。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">为删除你系统上的用户，用下面的命令：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel username?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">为删除你系统上的组用户帐号，用下面的命令：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# groupdel username?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">在终端上打入下面的命令删掉下面的用户。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel adm?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel lp?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel sync?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel shutdown?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel halt?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel mail?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">如果你不用sendmail服务器，procmail.mailx,就删除这个帐号。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel news?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel uucp?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel operator?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel games?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">如果你不用X windows 服务器，就删掉这个帐号。
<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel gopher?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# userdel ftp?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">如果你不允许匿名FTP，就删掉这个用户帐号。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">===?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">打入下面的命令删除组帐号?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# groupdel adm?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# groupdel lp?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# groupdel mail?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">如不用Sendmail服务器，删除这个组帐号?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# groupdel news?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# groupdel uucp?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# groupdel games?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">如你不用X Windows，删除这个组帐号?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# groupdel dip?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# groupdel pppusers?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# groupdel popusers?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">如果你不用POP服务器，删除这个组帐号?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# groupdel slipusers?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">====?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">用下面的命令加需要的用户帐号?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# useradd username?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">用下面的命令改变用户口令?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# passwd username?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">用chattr命令给下面的文件加上不可更改属性。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chattr +i /etc/passwd?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chattr +i /etc/shadow?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chattr +i /etc/group?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chattr +i /etc/gshadow?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">14. 阻止任何人su作为root.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">如果你不想任何人能够su作为root,你能编辑/etc/pam.d/su加下面的行：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_rootok.so debug?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">auth required /lib/security/pam_wheel.so group=isd?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">意味着仅仅isd组的用户可以su作为root.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">然后，如果你希望用户admin能su作为root.就运行下面的命令。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# usermod -G10 admin?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">16. 资源限制?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">对你的系统上所有的用户设置资源限制可以防止DoS类型攻击（denial of service attacks）?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">如最大进程数，内存数量等。例如，对所有用户的限制象下面这样：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">编辑/etc/security/limits.con加：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">* hard core 0?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">* hard rss 5000?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">* hard nproc 20?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">你也必须编辑/etc/pam.d/login文件加/检查这一行的存在。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">上面的命令禁止core files“core 0”，限制进程数为“nproc 50“，且限制内存使用?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">为5M“rss 5000”。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">17. The /etc/lilo.conf file?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">a) Add: restricted?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">加这一行到每一个引导映像下面，就这表明如果你引导时用(linux single),则需要一个password.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">b) Add: password=some_password?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">当与restricted联合用，且正常引导时，需要用户输入密码，你也要确保lilo.conf?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">文件不能被不属于root的用户可读，也免看到密码明文。下面是例子：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">编辑/etc/lilo.conf加：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">====?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">boot=/dev/sda?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">map=/boot/map?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">install=/boot/boot.b?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">prompt?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">timeout=50?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Default=linux?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">restricted ?add this line.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">password=some_password ?add this line.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">image=/boot/vmlinuz-2.2.12-20?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">label=linux?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">initrd=/boot/initrd-2.2.12-10.img?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">root=/dev/sda6?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">read-only?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod 600 /etc/lilo.conf (不再能被其他用户可读).?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# /sbin/lilo -v (更新lilo配置).?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chattr +i /etc/lilo.conf（阻止该文件被修改）?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">18. 禁止 Control-Alt-Delete 重启动机器命令?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# vi /etc/inittab?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">To?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# /sbin/init q?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">19. 重新设置/etc/rc.d/init.d/目录下所有文件的许可权限?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod -R 700 /etc/rc.d/init.d/*?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">仅仅root可以读，写，执行上述所有script file.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">20. The /etc/rc.d/rc.local file?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">默认地，当你login到linux server时，它告诉你linux版本名，内核版本名和服务器?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">主机名。它给了你太多的信息，如果你就希望得到提示login: ,编辑?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">/etc/rc.d/rc.local放#在下面的行前面：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">--?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;"># This will overwrite /etc/issue at every boot. So, make any changes you?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;"># want to make to /etc/issue here or you will lose them when you reboot.?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#echo "" >; /etc/issue?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#echo "$R" >;>; /etc/issue?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#echo "Kernel $(uname -r) on $a $(uname -m)" >;>; /etc/issue?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#cp -f /etc/issue /etc/issue.net?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">#echo >;>; /etc/issue?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">--?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">然后，做下面的事情:?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# rm -f /etc/issue?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# rm -f /etc/issue.net?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# touch /etc/issue?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# touch /etc/issue.net?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">21. 被root拥有的程序的位。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">移走那些被root拥有程序的s位标志，当然有些程序需要这个，用命令‘chmod a-s’完成这个。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">注：前面带（*）号的那些程序一般不需要拥有s位标志。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# find / -type f $ -perm -04000 -o -perm -02000 $ \-exec ls –lg {} \;?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 33120 Mar 21 1999 /usr/bin/at?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 30560 Apr 15 20:03 /usr/bin/chage?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 29492 Apr 15 20:03 /usr/bin/gpasswd?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 3208 Mar 22 1999 /usr/bin/disable-paste?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwxr-sr-x 1 root man 32320 Apr 9 1999 /usr/bin/man?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-r-s--x--x 1 root root 10704 Apr 14 17:21 /usr/bin/passwd?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rws--x--x 2 root root 517916 Apr 6 1999 /usr/bin/suidperl?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rws--x--x 2 root root 517916 Apr 6 1999 /usr/bin/sperl5.00503?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwxr-sr-x 1 root mail 11432 Apr 6 1999 /usr/bin/lockfile?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwsr-sr-x 1 root mail 64468 Apr 6 1999 /usr/bin/procmail?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 21848 Aug 27 11:06 /usr/bin/crontab?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwxr-sr-x 1 root slocate 15032 Apr 19 14:55 /usr/bin/slocate?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-r-xr-sr-x 1 root tty 6212 Apr 17 11:29 /usr/bin/wall?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-rws--x--x 1 root root 14088 Apr 17 12:57 /usr/bin/chfn?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-rws--x--x 1 root root 13800 Apr 17 12:57 /usr/bin/chsh?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-rws--x--x 1 root root 5576 Apr 17 12:57 /usr/bin/newgrp?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-rwxr-sr-x 1 root tty 8392 Apr 17 12:57 /usr/bin/write?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwsr-x--- 1 root squid 14076 Oct 7 14:48 /usr/lib/squid/pinger?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwxr-sr-x 1 root utmp 15587 Jun 9 09:30 /usr/sbin/utempter?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 5736 Apr 19 15:39 /usr/sbin/usernetctl?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-rwsr-xr-x 1 root bin 16488 Jul 6 09:35 /usr/sbin/traceroute?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwsr-sr-x 1 root root 299364 Apr 19 16:38 /usr/sbin/sendmail?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 34131 Apr 16 18:49 /usr/libexec/pt_chown?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 13208 Apr 13 14:58 /bin/su
<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 52788 Apr 17 15:16 /bin/mount?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 26508 Apr 17 20:26 /bin/umount?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 17652 Jul 6 09:33 /bin/ping?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 20164 Apr 17 12:57 /bin/login?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">*-rwxr-sr-x 1 root root 3860 Apr 19 15:39 /sbin/netreport?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">-r-sr-xr-x 1 root root 46472 Apr 17 16:26 /sbin/pwdb_chkpwd?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /usr/bin/chage?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /usr/bin/gpasswd?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /usr/bin/wall?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /usr/bin/chfn?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /usr/bin/chsh?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /usr/bin/newgrp?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /usr/bin/write?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /usr/sbin/usernetctl?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /usr/sbin/traceroute?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /bin/mount?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /bin/umount?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /bin/ping?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# chmod a-s /sbin/netreport?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">你可以用下面的命令查找所有带s位标志的程序：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# find / -type f $ -perm -04000 -o -perm -02000 $ \-exec ls -lg {} \;?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">>; suid-sgid-results?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">把结果输出到文件suid-sgid-results中。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">为了查找所有可写的文件和目录，用下面的命令：
<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# find / -type f $ -perm -2 -o -perm -20 $ -exec ls -lg {} \; >; ww-files-results?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# find / -type d $ -perm -2 -o -perm -20 $ -exec ls -ldg {} \; >; ww-directories-results
<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">用下面的命令查找没有拥有者的文件：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# find / -nouser -o -nogroup >; unowed-results?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">用下面的命令查找所有的.rhosts文件：?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">[root@deep]# find /home -name .rhosts >; rhost-results?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">建议替换的常见网络服务应用程序?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">WuFTPD?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">WuFTD从1994年就开始就不断地出现安全漏洞，黑客很容易就可以获得远程root访问（Remote Root Access）的权限，而且很多安全漏洞甚至不需要在FTP服务器上有一个有效的帐号。最近，WuFTP也是频频出现安全漏洞。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">它的最好的替代程序是ProFTPD。ProFTPD很容易配置，在多数情况下速度也比较快，而且它的源代码也比较干净（缓冲溢出的错误比较少）。有许多重要的站点使用ProFTPD。sourceforge.net就是一个很好的例子（这个站点共有3,000个开放源代码的项目，其负荷并不小啊！）。一些Linux的发行商在它们的主FTP站点上使用的也是ProFTPD，只有两个主要Linux的发行商（SuSE和Caldera）使用WuFTPD。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">ProFTPD的另一个优点就是既可以从inetd运行又可以作为单独的daemon运行。这样就可以很容易解决inetd带来的一些问题，如：拒绝服务的攻击（denial of service attack），等等。系统越简单，就越容易保证系统的安全。WuFTPD要么重新审核一遍全部的源代码（非常困难），要么完全重写一遍代码，否则WuFTPD必然要被ProFTPD代替。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Telnet?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Telnet是非常非常不安全的，它用明文来传送密码。它的安全的替代程序是OpenSSH。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">OpenSSH在Linux上已经非常成熟和稳定了，而且在Windows平台上也有很多免费的客户端软件。Linux的发行商应该采用OpenBSD的策略：安装OpenSSH并把它设置为默认的，安装Telnet但是不把它设置成默认的。对于不在美国的Linux发行商，很容易就可以在Linux的发行版中加上OpenSSH。美国的Linux发行商就要想一些别的办法了（例如：Red Hat在德国的FTP服务器上（ftp.redhat.de）就有最新的OpenSSH的rpm软件包）。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Telnet是无可救药的程序。要保证系统的安全必须用OpenSSH这样的软件来替代它。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Sendmail?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">最近这些年，Sendmail的安全性已经提高很多了（以前它通常是黑客重点攻击的程序）。然而，Sendmail还是有一个很严重的问题。一旦出现了安全漏洞（例如：最近出现的Linux内核错误），Sendmail就是被黑客重点攻击的程序，因为Sendmail是以root权限运行而且代码很庞大容易出问题。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">几乎所有的Linux发行商都把Sendmail作为默认的配置，只有少数几个把Postfix或Qmail作为可选的软件包。但是，很少有Linux的发行商在自己的邮件服务器上使用Sendmail。SuSE和Red Hat都使用基于Qmail的系统。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Sendmail并不一定会被别的程序完全替代。但是它的两个替代程序Qmail和Postfix都比它安全、速度快，而且特别是Postfix比它容易配置和维护。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">su?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">su是用来改变当前用户的ID，转换成别的用户。你可以以普通用户登录，当需要以root身份做一些事的时候，只要执行“su”命令，然后输入root的密码。su本身是没有问题的，但是它会让人养成不好的习惯。如果一个系统有多个管理员，必须都给他们root的口令。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">su的一个替代程序是sudo。Red Hat 6.2中包含这个软件。sudo允许你设置哪个用户哪个组可以以root身份执行哪些程序。你还可以根据用户登录的位置对他们加以限制（如果有人“破”了一个用户的口令，并用这个帐号从远程计算机登录，你可以限制他使用sudo）。Debian也有一个类似的程序叫super，与sudo比较各有优缺点。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">让用户养成良好的习惯。使用root帐号并让多个人知道root的密码并不是一个好的习惯。这就是www.apache.org被入侵的原因，因为它有多个系统管理员他们都有root的特权。一个乱成一团的系统是很容易被入侵的。?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">named?

<br style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555544; font-family: tahoma,'Trebuchet MS',lucida,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 25px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">大部分Linux的发行商都解决了这个问题。named以前是以root运行的，因此当named出现新的漏洞的时候，很容易就可以入侵一些很重要的计算机并获得root权限。现在只要用命令行的一些参数就能让named以非root的用户运行。而且，现在绝大多数Linux的发行商都让named以普通用户的权限运行。命令格式通常为：named -u?

; -g?
;?
 
INN?
 
在INN的文档中已经明确地指出：“禁止这项功能（verifycancels），这项功能是没有用的而且将被除掉”。大约在一个月前，一个黑客发布了当“verifycancels”生效的时候入侵INN的方法。Red Hat是把“verifycancels”设为有效的。任何setuid/setgid的程序或网络服务程序都要正确地安装并且进行检查以保证尽量没有安全漏洞。?
 
安全守则?
 
1. 废除系统所有默认的帐号和密码。?
 
2. 在用户合法性得到验证前不要显示公司题头、在线帮助以及其它信息。?
 
3. 废除“黑客”可以攻击系统的网络服务。?
 
4. 使用6到8位的字母数字式密码。?
 
5. 限制用户尝试登录到系统的次数。?
 
6. 记录违反安全性的情况并对安全记录进行复查。 
7. 对于重要信息，上网传输前要先进行加密。?
 
8. 重视专家提出的建议，安装他们推荐的系统“补丁”。?
 
9. 限制不需密码即可访问的主机文件。?
 
10.修改网络配置文件，以便将来自外部的TCP连接限制到最少数量的端口。不允许诸如tftp,sunrpc,printer,rlogin或rexec之类的协议。?
 
11.用upas代替sendmail。sendmail有太多已知漏洞，很难修补完全。?
 
12.去掉对操作并非至关重要又极少使用的程序。?
 
13.使用chmod将所有系统目录变更为711模式。这样，攻击者们将无法看到它们当中有什么东西，而用户仍可执行。?
 
14.只要可能，就将磁盘安装为只读模式。其实，仅有少数目录需读写状态。?
 
15.将系统软件升级为最新版本。老版本可能已被研究并被成功攻击，最新版本一般包括了这些问题的补救。

0
顶

0
踩

分享到：

职场官话 | Android颜色选择器

2011-12-08 20:04
浏览 893
评论(1)
查看更多

1 楼 hanmiao 2012-07-04

真够乱的，什么都看不清。

发表评论

您还没有登录,请您登录后再发表评论

最近访客更多访客>>

博主相关

文章分类

社区版块

存档分类

最新评论