python c++ extension

在调试PIL的扩展Agg中对python的c扩展感到了好奇，所幸研究了一下python的c扩展。
并自己根据例子写了一下效果还不错,以下代码供大家学习：）
我本人对c不大了解，欢迎大家，分析install 流程 ：）

执行结果：


编写代码spam.cxx

/*
How to use :
	import spam
	status = spam.system("ls -l")
dome is C++ Extension
*/

#define VERSION "1.2a3"

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#define WINDOWS_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>
#endif

#include "Python.h"

#if defined(PY_VERSION_HEX) && PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x01060000
#if PY_VERSION_HEX  < 0x02020000 || defined(Py_USING_UNICODE)
/* defining this enables unicode support (default under 1.6a1 and later) */
#define HAVE_UNICODE
#endif
#endif

/* 
   Function Define and AttributesDefine 
*/
static PyObject *CmdError;
static PyObject *
cmd(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    const char *command;
    int sts;

	/*
	int PyArg_ParseTuple(PyObject *args, const char *format, ...) 
	return true or false | exception
	*/
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &command))
	{
		PyErr_SetString(CmdError, "System command failed");
		return NULL;
	}
	else{
		printf("run command is:");
 		puts(command); //or use PyObject_Print for debug
	}
    sts = system(command);
	//PyObject* Py_BuildValue(const char *format, ...)
    return Py_BuildValue("i", sts);
}



static PyMethodDef CmdMethods[] = {
    {"cmd", (PyCFunction) cmd, METH_VARARGS},
    {NULL, NULL}
};


/* 
   Initial Modules
*/

PyMODINIT_FUNC
initspam(void)
{
    PyObject *m;
    m = Py_InitModule("spam", CmdMethods);
    if (m == NULL)
        return;
	/*
	PyObject* PyErr_NewException(char *name, PyObject *base, PyObject *dict)
	*/
    CmdError = PyErr_NewException("system.error", NULL, NULL);
    Py_INCREF(CmdError);
    PyModule_AddObject(m, "error", CmdError);
};

extern "C"
DL_EXPORT(void)
initaggdraw(void)
{
    /* Initialize the Python interpreter.  Required. */
    Py_Initialize();

    /* Add a static module */
    initspam();

	PyObject* g = PyDict_New();
	PyDict_SetItemString(g, "__builtins__", PyEval_GetBuiltins());
    PyRun_String("print 'welcome!'\n", Py_file_input, g, NULL);
}

setup.py

from distutils.core import setup, Extension

moduleSpam = Extension('spam',sources = ['spammodule.cxx'])

setup(name = 'Spam system',
       version = '1.0',
       description = 'This is a demo package for run system command',
       ext_modules = [moduleSpam])

跟踪了一下安装过程,发现setup 查找Setup.local文件：

/*
 在 Setup.local 文件中我们可以指定输出
*/
spam spammodule.so

:execve("/usr/bin/python", ["python", "setup.py", "install"], [/* 57 vars */]) = 0
104:stat("/usr/bin/Modules/Setup", 0x7fff47082070) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
419:stat("/usr/local/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=333581, ...}) = 0
446:open("/usr/local/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/setuptools.pth", O_RDONLY) = 5
450:read(5, "./setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg\n", 8192) = 30
469:stat("/usr/local/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=333581, ...}) = 0
470:open("/usr/local/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg", O_RDONLY) = 4
2738:lstat("/home/bmc/test/ct/Modules/setup.py", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=262, ...}) = 0
2739:stat("setup.py", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=262, ...}) = 0
2740:open("setup.py", O_RDONLY)              = 3
2745:read(3, "from distutils.core import setup"..., 240) = 240
2749:stat("setup.py", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=262, ...}) = 0
2750:open("setup.py", O_RDONLY)              = 3
2756:read(3, "from distutils.core import setup"..., 4096) = 262
2853:read(4, "\0\0\0error in %s setup command: %s"..., 4096) = 3617
3915:stat("setup.cfg", 0x7fff47083e70)       = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
3999:stat("/usr/bin/Modules/Setup.dist", 0x7fff4707c980) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
4000:stat("/usr/bin/Modules/Setup.local", 0x7fff4707c980) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

a handy solution is to use swig or boost.python(for c++ extension only) to wrap your 3rd libs...

的确，目前我写些简单的代码，用boost很方便。
我最近在学的Gaudi.Python，好像也很牛。
大致是用c++写好算法，然后可以用python来调用。
大家感兴趣可以看看：https://lhcb-comp.web.cern.ch/lhcb-comp/