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锁定老帖子 主题:排列组合算法实现【学习】
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发表时间:2010-08-16
最后修改:2011-03-06
没用到递归的实现,将选取的位置标记为1没选取的标记为0 返回的是数组的形式。 版本1 public class CombineUtil { private static int[] copy(int[] bs){ int[] result = new int[bs.length]; for(int i=0;i<bs.length;i++){ result[i] = bs[i]; } return result ; } public static void print(List<int[]> l){ for(int i=0;i<l.size();i++){ int[] a = (int[])l.get(i); for(int j=0;j<a.length;j++){ System.out.print(a[j]+"\t"); } System.out.println(); } } public static void print(int[] a){ for(int j=0;j<a.length;j++){ System.out.print(a[j]+"\t"); } System.out.println(); } /** * 从m里选n个数字 * @param m * @param n * @return */ public static List<int[]> combineEx(int m, int n) { if (m < n) { return null; } List<int[]> list = new ArrayList<int[]>(); int[] cn = new int[m]; for (int i = 0; i < cn.length; i++) { if (i < n) { cn[i] = 1; } else { cn[i] = 0; } } boolean flag = true; do { int pos = 0; int sum = 0; boolean tempFlag = true; list.add(copy(cn)); if (m == n || m == 0) { return list; } for (int i = 0; i < m - 1; i++) { if (cn[i]==1 && cn[i+1]==0) { cn[i]=0; cn[i+1]=1; pos = i; break; } } for (int i = 0; i < pos; i++) { if (cn[i] == 1) { sum ++; } } for (int i = 0; i < pos; i++) { if (i < sum) { cn[i] = 1; } else { cn[i] = 0; } } for (int i = m-n; i < cn.length; i++) { if (cn[i] == 0) { tempFlag = false; break; } } flag = !tempFlag; } while (flag); list.add(copy(cn)); return list; } public static void main(String[] args) { try { CombineUtil.print(combineEx(3, 3)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } 版本二 public class CombinationEx { private List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>(); private void mn(int m, int n) { if ( m < n) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("参数异常"); } BitSet bs = new BitSet(m); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { bs.set(i, true); } do { printAll(m, bs); } while(moveNext(bs, m)); } private void printAll(int m, BitSet bs) { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) { if (bs.get(i)) { sb.append("1").append(","); } else { sb.append("0").append(","); } } sb.setLength(sb.length() - 1); list.add(sb.toString()); } private boolean moveNext(BitSet bs, int m) { int start = -1; while (start < m) { if (bs.get(++start)) { break; } } if (start >= m) { return false; } int end = start; while (end < m) { if (!bs.get(++end)) { break; } } if (end >= m) { return false; } for (int i = 0; i < end; i++) { bs.set(i, false); } for (int i = 0; i < end - start - 1; i++) { bs.set(i); } bs.set(end); return true; } private List<String> getList() { return list; } public static void main(String[] args) { CombinationEx co = new CombinationEx(); co.mn(5, 3); for (int i = 0; i < co.getList().size(); i++) { System.out.println(co.getList().get(i)); } } } 下面介绍全排列的算法 public class Arrange { private int total = 0; private ArrayList<String> arrangeList = new ArrayList<String>(); public Arrange() { } private void swap(String list[], int k, int i) { String c3 = list[k]; list[k] = list[i]; list[i] = c3; } public void perm(String list[], int k, int m) { if (k > m) { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 0; i <= m; i++) { sb.append(list[i]).append(","); } if (sb.length() > 0) { sb.setLength(sb.length() - 1); } arrangeList.add(sb.toString()); total++; } else { for (int i = k; i <= m; i++) { swap(list, k, i); perm(list, k + 1, m); swap(list, k, i); } } } public int getTotal() { return total; } public ArrayList<String> getArrangeList() { return arrangeList; } public static void main(String args[]) { // String list[] = { "1", "2", "3", "4", "5" }; String list[] = { "1", "2", "3" }; Arrange ts = new Arrange(); ts.perm(list, 0, list.length - 1); for (int i = 0; i < ts.getArrangeList().size(); i++) { System.out.println(ts.getArrangeList().get(i)); } System.out.println("total:" + ts.total); } } 声明:ITeye文章版权属于作者,受法律保护。没有作者书面许可不得转载。
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发表时间:2010-08-16
请看懂算法了的 给个留言好伐
不要看到标题 就投新手贴 只是希望多交流而已 |
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发表时间:2010-08-16
lz 注定要杯具的,下面跑跑题:
A 话说,Ruby 1.9.2 的数组有各种排列组合方法,使用超简单的 …… irb(main):001:0> [1,2,3,4].combination(3).to_a # 组合 => [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 4], [1, 3, 4], [2, 3, 4]] irb(main):002:0> [1,2,3].permutation(3).to_a # 排列 => [[1, 2, 3], [1, 3, 2], [2, 1, 3], [2, 3, 1], [3, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1]] 如果直接给个闭包作参数,就可以不生成中间结果,以单个排列/组合结果为元素跑循环。 B 看 Array#combination 的实现(C),用了一个栈: static VALUE rb_ary_combination(VALUE ary, VALUE num) { long n, i, len; n = NUM2LONG(num); RETURN_ENUMERATOR(ary, 1, &num); len = RARRAY_LEN(ary); if (n < 0 || len < n) { /* yield nothing */ } else if (n == 0) { rb_yield(rb_ary_new2(0)); } else if (n == 1) { for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { rb_yield(rb_ary_new3(1, RARRAY_PTR(ary)[i])); } } else { volatile VALUE t0 = tmpbuf(n+1, sizeof(long)); long *stack = (long*)RSTRING_PTR(t0); volatile VALUE cc = tmpary(n); VALUE *chosen = RARRAY_PTR(cc); long lev = 0; MEMZERO(stack, long, n); stack[0] = -1; for (;;) { chosen[lev] = RARRAY_PTR(ary)[stack[lev+1]]; for (lev++; lev < n; lev++) { chosen[lev] = RARRAY_PTR(ary)[stack[lev+1] = stack[lev]+1]; } rb_yield(rb_ary_new4(n, chosen)); if (RBASIC(t0)->klass) { rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "combination reentered"); } do { if (lev == 0) goto done; stack[lev--]++; } while (stack[lev+1]+n == len+lev+1); } done: tmpbuf_discard(t0); tmpary_discard(cc); } return ary; } 上面代码前面一大段是各种边界检查什么的,下面那几行 for(;;) 便是核心逻辑。 返回数组 chosen = 栈(index) map 到数组元素,每轮更新一下栈。实现也超简单 …… |
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