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发表时间:2010-03-18
最后修改:2010-03-18
* @version 1.1 * @author iam00@qq.com * @create Mar 18, 2010 */ Hessian是一个轻量级的remoting on http工具,使用简单的方法提供了RMI(Remote Method Invocation,远程方法调用)的功能。采用的是二进制RPC(Remote Procedure Call Protocol,远程过程调用协议)协议,因为采用的是二进制协议,所以它很适合于发送二进制数据。 在进行基于Hessian的项目开发时,应当注意以下几点: ▲JAVA服务器端必须具备以下几点: •包含Hessian的jar包。 •设计一个接口,用来给客户端调用。 •实现该接口的功能。 •配置web.xml,配好相应的servlet。 •对象必须实现Serializable 接口。 •对于复杂对像可以使用Map的方法传递。 ▲客户端必须具备以下几点: •java客户端包含Hessian.jar的包。 •具有和服务器端结构一样的接口。 •利用HessianProxyFactory调用远程接口。 下面是一个hessian的简单例子。 Java服务器端: 环境:j2sdk1.4.2、Tomcat6.0 依赖的包:hessian-3.1.6.jar 新建一个名为HessianServer的web project。将hessian-3.1.6.jar放入WEB-INF/lib文件夹中。 创建接口: package server.demo; public interface DemoApi { public void setName(String name); public String sayHello(); public User getUser(); } 实现接口: package server.demo; public class DemoService implements DemoApi { private String name; public String sayHello() { return "Hello "+name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name=name; System.out.println("Hello "+name); } public User getUser() { return new User("lingling", "pass"); } } 创建User类,注意:一定要implements Serializable。 package server.demo; import java.io.Serializable; public class User implements Serializable { String name = "kitty"; String password = "nopass"; public User() { super(); } public User(String name, String password) { super(); this.name = name; this.password = password; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } } 配置web.xml: <servlet> <servlet-name>first</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>service-class</param-name> <param-value>server.demo.DemoService</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>first</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/helloworld</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> 将项目发布到tomcat服务器上。 Java客户端: 环境:j2sdk1.4.2 依赖的包:hessian-3.1.6.jar 创建一个名为HessianClient的java project,载入hessian-3.1.6.jar。 创建与服务器一样的接口及User类,注意它们所在的包路径也要与服务器相同,否则会出现java.lang.ClassNotFoundException。 接口: package server.demo; public interface DemoApi { public void setName(String name); public String sayHello(); public User getUser(); } User类: package server.demo; import java.io.Serializable; public class User implements Serializable { String name = "kitty"; String password = "nopass"; public User() { super(); } public User(String name, String password) { super(); this.name = name; this.password = password; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } } 客户端程序: package client.demo; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import server.demo.DemoApi; import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory; public class ClientTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException { String url = "http://localhost:9520/HessianServer/helloworld"; HessianProxyFactory factory = new HessianProxyFactory(); DemoApi api = (DemoApi) factory.create(url); api.setName("test"); System.out.println(api.sayHello()); System.out.println(api.getUser().getName()); System.out.println(api.getUser().getPassword()); } } 现在,启动tomcat,运行ClientTest。运行结果: Hello test lingling pass 现在,在以上基础上将hessian与spring整合。 Java服务器端(即我们上面建的名为HessianServer的web project): 环境:j2sdk1.4.2、Tomcat6.0 依赖的包: 1. Hessian包:hessian-3.1.6.jar 2. spring-framework-2.0.2包: a) aopalliance.jar b) commons-logging.jar c) log4j-1.2.14.jar d) spring.jar e) spring-aop.jar f) spring-beans.jar g) spring-context.jar h) spring-core.jar i) spring-jdbc.jar j) spring-jms.jar k) spring-web.jar l) spring-webmvc.jar 配置web.xml,web.xml中增加: <servlet> <servlet-name>remote</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>namespace</param-name> <param-value>classes/remote-servlet</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>remote</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/remote/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> 写spring的发布hessian服务的配置文件remote-servlet.xml,这个文件就建在工程的src下,即deploy到tomcat后,在WEB-INF/classes目录下。注意:这个文件为什么叫remote-servlet.xml呢?因为我们在web.xml中有配置:<param-value>classes/remote-servlet</param-value>所以文件名为remote-servlet.xml。 以下是remote-servlet.xml的内容: <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <bean id="demoService" class="server.demo.DemoService" /> <bean name="/helloSpring" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter"> <property name="service" ref="demoService" /> <property name="serviceInterface" value="server.demo.DemoApi" /> </bean> </beans> 好了,现在可以测试一下了。在刚才建的名为HessianClient的java project中修改client.demo.ClientTest.java如下: package client.demo; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import server.demo.DemoApi; import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory; public class ClientTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException { // String url = "http://localhost:9520/HessianServer/helloworld"; String url = "http://localhost:9520/HessianServer/remote/helloSpring"; HessianProxyFactory factory = new HessianProxyFactory(); DemoApi api = (DemoApi) factory.create(DemoApi.class, url); api.setName("test"); System.out.println(api.sayHello()); System.out.println(api.getUser().getName()); System.out.println(api.getUser().getPassword()); } } 现在,启动tomcat,运行ClientTest。运行结果: Hello test lingling pass 如果客户端也使用spring呢?现在做一个spring整合hessian的客户端demo。首先载入spring-framework-2.0.2包: 1) aopalliance.jar 2) commons-logging.jar 3) log4j-1.2.14.jar 4) spring.jar 5) spring-aop.jar 6) spring-beans.jar 7) spring-context.jar 8) spring-core.jar 9) spring-jdbc.jar 10) spring-jms.jar 11) spring-web.jar 12) spring-webmvc.jar 在名为HessianClient的java project中src目录下,新建一个remote-client.xml,这个文件可随意命名。remote-client.xml内容为: <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <bean id="helloSpring" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean"> <property name="serviceUrl"> <value> http://localhost:9520/HessianServer/remote/helloSpring </value> </property> <property name="serviceInterface"> <value>server.demo.DemoApi</value> </property> </bean> </beans> 在刚才建的名为HessianClient的java project中修改client.demo.ClientTest.java如下: package client.demo; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import server.demo.DemoApi; public class ClientTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException { // String url = "http://localhost:9520/HessianServer/helloworld"; // String url = // "http://localhost:9520/HessianServer/remote/helloSpring"; // HessianProxyFactory factory = new HessianProxyFactory(); // DemoApi api = (DemoApi) factory.create(DemoApi.class, url); ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "remote-client.xml"); DemoApi api = (DemoApi) context.getBean("helloSpring"); api.setName("test"); System.out.println(api.sayHello()); System.out.println(api.getUser().getName()); System.out.println(api.getUser().getPassword()); } } 现在,启动tomcat,运行ClientTest。运行结果: Hello test lingling pass 至此over~ PS:有时候可能因hessian或spring的版本问题使程序不能运行 声明:ITeye文章版权属于作者,受法律保护。没有作者书面许可不得转载。
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发表时间:2010-06-11
Hessian的实现方式挺好,不过鄙人在客户端调用时发现个问题。
String url = "http://localhost:8080/Hessian/helloworld"; HessianProxyFactory factory = new HessianProxyFactory(); DemoApi api = (DemoApi) factory.create(url); api.setName("test"); System.out.println(api.sayHello()); System.out.println(api.getUser().getName()); System.out.println(api.getUser().getPassword()); 客户端运行结果是: Hello test lingling pass 服务端运行结果是: Hello test 可我再写一个客户端调用程序,内容如下: public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException { String url = "http://localhost:8080/Hessian/helloworld"; HessianProxyFactory factory = new HessianProxyFactory(); DemoApi api = (DemoApi) factory.create(url); //api.setName("test"); System.out.println(api.sayHello()); System.out.println(api.getUser().getName()); System.out.println(api.getUser().getPassword()); } 与上面不同的是注释了api.setName("test"); 结果发现 客户端运行结果还是: Hello test lingling pass 这好像存在缓存或者session的问题,不知道版主对这个是否有研究,希望知道者能给解答下,万分感谢。 |
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