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URL传递中文参数中乱码问题的解决方案

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  • xiaocheng
  • 等级: 初级会员
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  • 文章: 73
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  • 来自: 宜昌
   发表时间：2007-12-12  

    乱码问题对每个程序员来说，都是曾经的一个伤疤。尤其是做J2EE的新手，这问题总在我们周围晃悠。起初是表单提交到action中乱码（最后到数据库当然是乱码），表面上看可能是数据库编码设置问题，但当我们正确设置数据库编码后仍然发现最后还是乱码，接着又认为是页面编码设置不统一而导致提交表单后出现乱码，这个火星人都知道，结果问题依然存在。这时我们又想到可能是提交时post到服务器导致的乱码，也正确，于是我们想到了将字符串转码。问题也能解决，但不能说每次提交我们都要将字符串转码吧，如果是这样，可能谁都不想干coding这行了，光花在这上面的时间，就虚度了大半光阴。后来，我们知道有了过滤流这玩意，所有乱码问题顿时成为往事。加个过滤器搞定一切乱码，从此我们不再烦恼。顿时想起“奇强”牌某某粉，过滤流==奇强。

     正当我们以为不会再被乱码头疼的时候。ajax技术兴起了，那个爽啊，玩的不亦乐乎。ajax中经常用到url来传递参数，中文参数的更是用的日趋广泛。搞个ajax检索，需要吧，用了google的搜索她们都说好，我们能不用吗，怎么说也不能落后于潮流吧。新技术来了，老毛病也来了。在GBK GB2312编码的页面中使用ajax， 用url传递参数，结果提交的都是乱码。难道过滤流毛病了?这个不想做过多评论．问题总要想办法解决，网络中惊呼＂url中传递参数乱码如何解决啊？＂，＂url中传递参数避免乱码的方案＂。我只想说一句，＂问题总能解决＂。

　废话够了，转如正题．

　比如ajax请求的url="searchPeoBySomeWords.do?KeyWord="+obj.value;我们需要用escape函数来将中文参数“包装”两下，看清楚是两下，不是一下。url="searchPeoBySomeWords.do?KeyWord="+escape(escape(obj.value))。那么这样“包装”后我们如何在action中来解码了，不要急，一个java方法就能解决问题(代码如Escape.java)。action中我们只要用Escape.java中的unescape静态方法就可解码。String keyWord = Escape.unescape(request.getParameter("KeyWord")).trim();原来拆开"包装"后，依然是我们可爱的中文。

java 代码
  1. package com.ctgusec.oaPlus;   
  2. /**  
  3.  * 将url中文参数编码或者反编码  
  4.  * javascript escape/unescape 编码的 Java 实现  
  5.  * author jackyz  
  6.  * keep this copyright info while using this method by free  
  7.  */  
  8. public class Escape{   
  9.     private final static String[] hex = {   
  10.         "00","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","0A","0B","0C","0D","0E","0F",   
  11.         "10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19","1A","1B","1C","1D","1E","1F",   
  12.         "20","21","22","23","24","25","26","27","28","29","2A","2B","2C","2D","2E","2F",   
  13.         "30","31","32","33","34","35","36","37","38","39","3A","3B","3C","3D","3E","3F",   
  14.         "40","41","42","43","44","45","46","47","48","49","4A","4B","4C","4D","4E","4F",   
  15.         "50","51","52","53","54","55","56","57","58","59","5A","5B","5C","5D","5E","5F",   
  16.         "60","61","62","63","64","65","66","67","68","69","6A","6B","6C","6D","6E","6F",   
  17.         "70","71","72","73","74","75","76","77","78","79","7A","7B","7C","7D","7E","7F",   
  18.         "80","81","82","83","84","85","86","87","88","89","8A","8B","8C","8D","8E","8F",   
  19.         "90","91","92","93","94","95","96","97","98","99","9A","9B","9C","9D","9E","9F",   
  20.         "A0","A1","A2","A3","A4","A5","A6","A7","A8","A9","AA","AB","AC","AD","AE","AF",   
  21.         "B0","B1","B2","B3","B4","B5","B6","B7","B8","B9","BA","BB","BC","BD","BE","BF",   
  22.         "C0","C1","C2","C3","C4","C5","C6","C7","C8","C9","CA","CB","CC","CD","CE","CF",   
  23.         "D0","D1","D2","D3","D4","D5","D6","D7","D8","D9","DA","DB","DC","DD","DE","DF",   
  24.         "E0","E1","E2","E3","E4","E5","E6","E7","E8","E9","EA","EB","EC","ED","EE","EF",   
  25.         "F0","F1","F2","F3","F4","F5","F6","F7","F8","F9","FA","FB","FC","FD","FE","FF"  
  26.     };   
  27.     private final static byte[] val = {   
  28.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  29.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  30.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  31.         0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07,0x08,0x09,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  32.         0x3F,0x0A,0x0B,0x0C,0x0D,0x0E,0x0F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  33.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  34.         0x3F,0x0A,0x0B,0x0C,0x0D,0x0E,0x0F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  35.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  36.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  37.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  38.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  39.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  40.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  41.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  42.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,   
  43.         0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F  
  44.     };   
  45.     public static String escape(String s) {   
  46.         StringBuffer sbuf = new StringBuffer();   
  47.         int len = s.length();   
  48.         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {   
  49.             int ch = s.charAt(i);   
  50.             if (ch == ' ') {                        // space : map to '+'    
  51.                 sbuf.append('+');   
  52.             } else if ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'Z') {    // 'A'..'Z' : as it was   
  53.                 sbuf.append((char)ch);   
  54.             } else if ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'z') {    // 'a'..'z' : as it was   
  55.                 sbuf.append((char)ch);   
  56.             } else if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') {    // '0'..'9' : as it was   
  57.                 sbuf.append((char)ch);   
  58.             } else if (ch == '-' || ch == '_'       // unreserved : as it was   
  59.                 || ch == '.' || ch == '!'   
  60.                 || ch == '~' || ch == '*'   
  61.                 || ch == '\'' || ch == '('   
  62.                 || ch == ')') {   
  63.                 sbuf.append((char)ch);   
  64.             } else if (ch <= 0x007F) {              // other ASCII : map to %XX   
  65.                 sbuf.append('%');   
  66.                 sbuf.append(hex[ch]);   
  67.             } else {                                // unicode : map to %uXXXX   
  68.                 sbuf.append('%');   
  69.                 sbuf.append('u');   
  70.                 sbuf.append(hex[(ch >>> 8)]);   
  71.                 sbuf.append(hex[(0x00FF & ch)]);   
  72.             }   
  73.         }   
  74.         return sbuf.toString();   
  75.     }   
  76.     public static String unescape(String s) {   
  77.         StringBuffer sbuf = new StringBuffer();   
  78.         int i = 0;   
  79.         int len = s.length();   
  80.         while (i < len) {   
  81.             int ch = s.charAt(i);   
  82.             if (ch == '+') {                        // + : map to ' '    
  83.                 sbuf.append(' ');   
  84.             } else if ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'Z') {    // 'A'..'Z' : as it was   
  85.                 sbuf.append((char)ch);   
  86.             } else if ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'z') {    // 'a'..'z' : as it was   
  87.                 sbuf.append((char)ch);   
  88.             } else if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') {    // '0'..'9' : as it was   
  89.                 sbuf.append((char)ch);   
  90.             } else if (ch == '-' || ch == '_'       // unreserved : as it was   
  91.                 || ch == '.' || ch == '!'   
  92.                 || ch == '~' || ch == '*'   
  93.                 || ch == '\'' || ch == '('   
  94.                 || ch == ')') {   
  95.                 sbuf.append((char)ch);   
  96.             } else if (ch == '%') {   
  97.                 int cint = 0;   
  98.                 if ('u' != s.charAt(i+1)) {         // %XX : map to ascii(XX)   
  99.                     cint = (cint << 4) | val[s.charAt(i+1)];   
  100.                     cint = (cint << 4) | val[s.charAt(i+2)];   
  101.                     i+=2;   
  102.                 } else {                            // %uXXXX : map to unicode(XXXX)   
  103.                     cint = (cint << 4) | val[s.charAt(i+2)];   
  104.                     cint = (cint << 4) | val[s.charAt(i+3)];   
  105.                     cint = (cint << 4) | val[s.charAt(i+4)];   
  106.                     cint = (cint << 4) | val[s.charAt(i+5)];   
  107.                     i+=5;   
  108.                 }   
  109.                 sbuf.append((char)cint);   
  110.             }   
  111.             i++;   
  112.         }   
  113.         return sbuf.toString();   
  114.     }   
  115. //    public static void main(String[] args) {   
  116. //        String stest = "中文1234 abcd[]()<+>,.~\\";   
  117. //        System.out.println(stest);   
  118. //        System.out.println(escape(stest));   
  119. //        System.out.println(unescape(escape(stest)));   
  120. //    }   
  121. }   
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  • spxrttn
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   发表时间：2008-07-05  
这个方法是在是太笨了
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  • Relucent
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  • 来自: 北京
   发表时间：2008-07-07  
为什么不用 (char)Integer.parseInt(XXXX)
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  • cherish_w
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   发表时间：2008-08-14  
对中文参数用encodeUriComponent方法即可解决这个问题
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  • happy002
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   发表时间：2008-08-15  
encodeURI(encodeURI(...))
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