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发表时间:2011-11-23
这里不啰嗦单元测试的重要性...。很多应用是基于Spring,而Mockito简单易用易上手,所以就把Spring和Mockito组合做单元测试,Mocked对象也交给Spring统一管理。好处至少有:使单元测试类的环境和应用实际的环境保持一致性。开发人员就不用另外增加额外的配置,也可以少一些代码。单元测试类通过了,相应的应用类也就ok(Spring的相关配置也ok)。 1,为了把Mock对象也纳入Spring。需继承DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener并增加Mock对象和注入依赖对象为Mock对象。 代码: public class MockitoDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener extends DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener { private static final Map<String, MockObject> mockObject = new HashMap<String, MockObject>(); private static final List<Field> injectFields = new ArrayList<Field>(); @Override protected void injectDependencies(final TestContext testContext) throws Exception { super.injectDependencies(testContext); init(testContext); } protected void injectMock(final TestContext testContext) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException { AutowireCapableBeanFactory beanFactory = testContext.getApplicationContext().getAutowireCapableBeanFactory(); for (Field field : injectFields) { Object o = beanFactory.getBean(field.getName(), field.getType()); if (null != o) { Method[] methods = o.getClass().getDeclaredMethods(); for (Method method : methods) { if (method.getName().startsWith("set")) { for (Iterator it = mockObject.keySet().iterator(); it.hasNext();) { String key = (String) it.next(); if (method.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("set" + key)) { method.invoke(o, mockObject.get(key).getObj()); break; } } } } } } } private void init(final TestContext testContext) throws Exception { Object bean = testContext.getTestInstance(); Field[] fields = bean.getClass().getDeclaredFields(); for (Field field : fields) { Annotation[] annotations = field.getAnnotations(); for (Annotation antt : annotations) { if (antt instanceof org.mockito.Mock) { // 注入mock实例 MockObject obj = new MockObject(); obj.setType(field.getType()); obj.setObj(mock(field.getType())); field.setAccessible(true); field.set(bean, obj.getObj()); mockObject.put(field.getName(), obj); } else if (antt instanceof Autowired) { // 只对autowire重新注入 injectFields.add(field); } } } for (Field field : injectFields) { field.setAccessible(true); Object object = field.get(bean); if (object instanceof Proxy) { // 如果是代理的话,找到真正的对象 Class targetClass = AopUtils.getTargetClass(object); if (targetClass == null) { // 可能是远程实现 return; } Field[] targetFields = targetClass.getDeclaredFields(); for (int i = 0; i < targetFields.length; i++) { // 针对每个需要重新注入的字段 for (Map.Entry<String, MockObject> entry : mockObject.entrySet()) { // 针对每个mock的字段 if (targetFields[i].getName().equals(entry.getKey())) { targetFields[i].setAccessible(true); targetFields[i].set(getTargetObject(object, entry.getValue().getType()), entry.getValue().getObj()); } } } } else { injectMock(testContext); } } } protected <T> T getTargetObject(Object proxy, Class<T> targetClass) throws Exception { if (AopUtils.isJdkDynamicProxy(proxy)) { return (T) ((Advised) proxy).getTargetSource().getTarget(); } else { return (T) proxy; // expected to be cglib proxy then, which is simply a specialized class } } public static class MockObject { private Object obj; private Class<?> type; public MockObject(){ } public Object getObj() { return obj; } public void setObj(Object obj) { this.obj = obj; } public Class<?> getType() { return type; } public void setType(Class<?> type) { this.type = type; } } public static Map<String, MockObject> getMockobject() { return mockObject; } public static List<Field> getInjectfields() { return injectFields; } } 2,单元测试继承AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests类。这里用一个抽象类把必须的注解上。 代码: @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @TestExecutionListeners({ MockitoDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class }) public abstract class BaseTestCase extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests { } 3,测试用例 demo。注意在MockitoDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener中已经mock对象了,不要再用MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this)。 代码: @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/applicationContext.xml" }) public class DemoServiceTest extends BaseTestCase { @Autowired private DemoService demoService; @Mock private DemoDao demoDao; @Test public void testGetResults() { List<Model> list = new ArrayList<Model>(); Model model = new Model("id", "name"); list.add(model); // 先设置预期 when(demoDao.getModel("id")).thenReturn(model); // when(demoDao.getResults()).thenAnswer(new Answer<List<Model>>() { // // @Override // public List<Model> answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable { // List<Model> list = new ArrayList<Model>(); // Model model = new Model("id", "name"); // list.add(model); // return list; // } // // }); Model m = demoService.getModel("id"); assertSame(m, model); // List<Model> result = demoService.getResults(); // assertTrue(result.size() == 1); } } 声明:ITeye文章版权属于作者,受法律保护。没有作者书面许可不得转载。
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