锁定老帖子 主题:百度一面算法题(常数时间内求栈中最大值)
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发表时间:2011-10-24
最后修改:2011-10-24
算法描述: 一个栈stack,具有push和pop操作,其时间复杂度皆为O(1)。 设计算法max操作,求栈中的最大值,该操作的时间复杂度也要求为O(1)。 可以修改栈的存储方式,push,pop的操作,但是要保证O(1)的时间复杂度,空间时间复杂度无要求。 思路: 我借助一个变量count和一个数组空间(其实就是一个栈)完成该时间复杂度为O(1)的算法设计。
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发表时间:2011-11-03
我的实现是
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.EmptyStackException; import java.lang.NullPointerException; public class StackForPriorImpl<E extends Comparable<E>> implements IStackForPrior<E> { private int numberOfObject; private ArrayList<E> dataForOrginal; private ArrayList<E> dataForMaximun; private ArrayList<E> dataForMinimun; private E maxElement; private E minElement; public StackForPriorImpl(){ this.numberOfObject = 0; this.dataForOrginal = new ArrayList<E>(); this.dataForMaximun = new ArrayList<E>(); this.dataForMinimun = new ArrayList<E>(); } @Override public void push(E e) { if(e==null){ throw new NullPointerException(); } dataForOrginal.add(e); if(numberOfObject==0){ maxElement = e; minElement = e; this.dataForMaximun.add(maxElement); this.dataForMinimun.add(minElement); }else{ if(e.compareTo(maxElement)>0){ dataForMaximun.add(e); maxElement = e; }else{ dataForMaximun.add(maxElement); } if(e.compareTo(minElement)<0){ dataForMinimun.add(e); minElement = e; }else{ dataForMinimun.add(minElement); } } ++numberOfObject; } @Override public E pop() { if(numberOfObject==0) { throw new EmptyStackException(); } int index = --numberOfObject; dataForMaximun.remove(index); maxElement = dataForMaximun.get(index-1); dataForMinimun.remove(index); minElement = dataForMinimun.get(index-1); E e = dataForOrginal.get(index); dataForOrginal.remove(index); return e; } @Override public E peekMedian() { if(numberOfObject==0){ throw new EmptyStackException(); } Object[] elementArray=this.dataForOrginal.toArray(); int lengthOfElementArray = elementArray.length; quickSort(elementArray,0,lengthOfElementArray-1); return (E)elementArray[lengthOfElementArray/2]; } @Override public E peekMaximum() { if(numberOfObject==0){ throw new EmptyStackException(); } int index = numberOfObject - 1; return this.dataForMaximun.get(index); } @Override public E peekMinimum() { if(numberOfObject==0) { throw new EmptyStackException(); } int index = numberOfObject - 1; return this.dataForMinimun.get(index); } @Override public int size() { return this.numberOfObject; } private static <E> void quickSort(E[] elementArray,int low,int high){ if(low<high){ int q = partition(elementArray,low,high); quickSort(elementArray,low,q-1); quickSort(elementArray,q+1,high); } } private static <E> int partition(E[] elementArray,int low,int high){ int i = low, j=high+1; E e= elementArray[low]; while(true){ while(elementArray[++i].toString().compareTo(e.toString())<0 && i<high); while(elementArray[--j].toString().compareTo(e.toString())>0); if(i>=j) break; E temp = elementArray[i]; elementArray[i]=elementArray[j]; elementArray[j]=temp; } elementArray[low] = elementArray[j]; elementArray[j]=e; return j; } public static void main(String[] args){ StackForPriorImpl<Integer> stack=new StackForPriorImpl<Integer>(); stack.push(new Integer(2)); stack.push(new Integer(1)); stack.push(new Integer(2)); stack.push(new Integer(2)); stack.push(new Integer(6)); stack.push(new Integer(4)); stack.push(new Integer(2)); stack.push(new Integer(5)); System.out.println("size = "+stack.size()); System.out.println("peekMaximun = "+stack.peekMaximum().toString()); System.out.println("peekMinimun = "+stack.peekMinimum().toString()); System.out.println("peekMedian = "+stack.peekMedian().toString()); } } |
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发表时间:2011-11-04
YuHuang.Neil 写道 我的实现是
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.EmptyStackException; import java.lang.NullPointerException; public class StackForPriorImpl<E extends Comparable<E>> implements IStackForPrior<E> { private int numberOfObject; private ArrayList<E> dataForOrginal; private ArrayList<E> dataForMaximun; private ArrayList<E> dataForMinimun; private E maxElement; private E minElement; public StackForPriorImpl(){ this.numberOfObject = 0; this.dataForOrginal = new ArrayList<E>(); this.dataForMaximun = new ArrayList<E>(); this.dataForMinimun = new ArrayList<E>(); } @Override public void push(E e) { if(e==null){ throw new NullPointerException(); } dataForOrginal.add(e); if(numberOfObject==0){ maxElement = e; minElement = e; this.dataForMaximun.add(maxElement); this.dataForMinimun.add(minElement); }else{ if(e.compareTo(maxElement)>0){ dataForMaximun.add(e); maxElement = e; }else{ dataForMaximun.add(maxElement); } if(e.compareTo(minElement)<0){ dataForMinimun.add(e); minElement = e; }else{ dataForMinimun.add(minElement); } } ++numberOfObject; } @Override public E pop() { if(numberOfObject==0) { throw new EmptyStackException(); } int index = --numberOfObject; dataForMaximun.remove(index); maxElement = dataForMaximun.get(index-1); dataForMinimun.remove(index); minElement = dataForMinimun.get(index-1); E e = dataForOrginal.get(index); dataForOrginal.remove(index); return e; } @Override public E peekMedian() { if(numberOfObject==0){ throw new EmptyStackException(); } Object[] elementArray=this.dataForOrginal.toArray(); int lengthOfElementArray = elementArray.length; quickSort(elementArray,0,lengthOfElementArray-1); return (E)elementArray[lengthOfElementArray/2]; } @Override public E peekMaximum() { if(numberOfObject==0){ throw new EmptyStackException(); } int index = numberOfObject - 1; return this.dataForMaximun.get(index); } @Override public E peekMinimum() { if(numberOfObject==0) { throw new EmptyStackException(); } int index = numberOfObject - 1; return this.dataForMinimun.get(index); } @Override public int size() { return this.numberOfObject; } private static <E> void quickSort(E[] elementArray,int low,int high){ if(low<high){ int q = partition(elementArray,low,high); quickSort(elementArray,low,q-1); quickSort(elementArray,q+1,high); } } private static <E> int partition(E[] elementArray,int low,int high){ int i = low, j=high+1; E e= elementArray[low]; while(true){ while(elementArray[++i].toString().compareTo(e.toString())<0 && i<high); while(elementArray[--j].toString().compareTo(e.toString())>0); if(i>=j) break; E temp = elementArray[i]; elementArray[i]=elementArray[j]; elementArray[j]=temp; } elementArray[low] = elementArray[j]; elementArray[j]=e; return j; } public static void main(String[] args){ StackForPriorImpl<Integer> stack=new StackForPriorImpl<Integer>(); stack.push(new Integer(2)); stack.push(new Integer(1)); stack.push(new Integer(2)); stack.push(new Integer(2)); stack.push(new Integer(6)); stack.push(new Integer(4)); stack.push(new Integer(2)); stack.push(new Integer(5)); System.out.println("size = "+stack.size()); System.out.println("peekMaximun = "+stack.peekMaximum().toString()); System.out.println("peekMinimun = "+stack.peekMinimum().toString()); System.out.println("peekMedian = "+stack.peekMedian().toString()); } } 写得很好~~ 跟我当时的做法是一样的. |
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发表时间:2011-11-04
YuHuang.Neil 写道 我的实现是
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.EmptyStackException; import java.lang.NullPointerException; public class StackForPriorImpl<E extends Comparable<E>> implements IStackForPrior<E> { private int numberOfObject; private ArrayList<E> dataForOrginal; private ArrayList<E> dataForMaximun; private ArrayList<E> dataForMinimun; private E maxElement; private E minElement; public StackForPriorImpl(){ this.numberOfObject = 0; this.dataForOrginal = new ArrayList<E>(); this.dataForMaximun = new ArrayList<E>(); this.dataForMinimun = new ArrayList<E>(); } @Override public void push(E e) { if(e==null){ throw new NullPointerException(); } dataForOrginal.add(e); if(numberOfObject==0){ maxElement = e; minElement = e; this.dataForMaximun.add(maxElement); this.dataForMinimun.add(minElement); }else{ if(e.compareTo(maxElement)>0){ dataForMaximun.add(e); maxElement = e; }else{ dataForMaximun.add(maxElement); } if(e.compareTo(minElement)<0){ dataForMinimun.add(e); minElement = e; }else{ dataForMinimun.add(minElement); } } ++numberOfObject; } @Override public E pop() { if(numberOfObject==0) { throw new EmptyStackException(); } int index = --numberOfObject; dataForMaximun.remove(index); maxElement = dataForMaximun.get(index-1); dataForMinimun.remove(index); minElement = dataForMinimun.get(index-1); E e = dataForOrginal.get(index); dataForOrginal.remove(index); return e; } @Override public E peekMedian() { if(numberOfObject==0){ throw new EmptyStackException(); } Object[] elementArray=this.dataForOrginal.toArray(); int lengthOfElementArray = elementArray.length; quickSort(elementArray,0,lengthOfElementArray-1); return (E)elementArray[lengthOfElementArray/2]; } @Override public E peekMaximum() { if(numberOfObject==0){ throw new EmptyStackException(); } int index = numberOfObject - 1; return this.dataForMaximun.get(index); } @Override public E peekMinimum() { if(numberOfObject==0) { throw new EmptyStackException(); } int index = numberOfObject - 1; return this.dataForMinimun.get(index); } @Override public int size() { return this.numberOfObject; } private static <E> void quickSort(E[] elementArray,int low,int high){ if(low<high){ int q = partition(elementArray,low,high); quickSort(elementArray,low,q-1); quickSort(elementArray,q+1,high); } } private static <E> int partition(E[] elementArray,int low,int high){ int i = low, j=high+1; E e= elementArray[low]; while(true){ while(elementArray[++i].toString().compareTo(e.toString())<0 && i<high); while(elementArray[--j].toString().compareTo(e.toString())>0); if(i>=j) break; E temp = elementArray[i]; elementArray[i]=elementArray[j]; elementArray[j]=temp; } elementArray[low] = elementArray[j]; elementArray[j]=e; return j; } public static void main(String[] args){ StackForPriorImpl<Integer> stack=new StackForPriorImpl<Integer>(); stack.push(new Integer(2)); stack.push(new Integer(1)); stack.push(new Integer(2)); stack.push(new Integer(2)); stack.push(new Integer(6)); stack.push(new Integer(4)); stack.push(new Integer(2)); stack.push(new Integer(5)); System.out.println("size = "+stack.size()); System.out.println("peekMaximun = "+stack.peekMaximum().toString()); System.out.println("peekMinimun = "+stack.peekMinimum().toString()); System.out.println("peekMedian = "+stack.peekMedian().toString()); } } 扩展求中间值用到了快速排序. 我看到这个起先还以为你想错了呢.嘿嘿 另外,IStackForPrior<E>应该是你自己定义的接口吧! 想必这是就平时用到的程序... |
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发表时间:2011-11-04
没太看懂题目的意思。简单说一下我的思路
挨个pop,用一个变量保存最大值即可? |
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发表时间:2011-11-04
ls貌似没理解题目意思啊
按照题目的要求,其实是想直接就取出stack中最大值,提示说可以修改pop和push算法。 其实就是告诉你可以通过修改pop和push的实现记录下当前stack中的最大值。 考虑到stack中数据有可能重复,实际上要找个O(1)复杂度的算法还是有点难。 |
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发表时间:2011-11-04
可以考虑与当前stack维护对应的代表stack对应位置的最大值的栈MaxStack
对于栈stack push元素 valueA时 maxValue = popMaxStack(); pushMaxStack(maxValue); if (valueA >= maxValue) pushStack(valueA) ; pushMaxStack(valueA); if (valueA < maxValue) pushStack(valueA) ; pushMaxStack(maxValue); pop元素 maxValue = popMaxStack(); pushMaxStack(maxValue); valueA = popStack(); popMaxStack(); 这样取最大值时,直接 maxValue = popMaxStack();pushMaxStack(maxValue);就ok了。 |
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发表时间:2011-11-04
vieri122 写道 没太看懂题目的意思。简单说一下我的思路
挨个pop,用一个变量保存最大值即可? 挨个pop,总的时间复杂度就是O(n)了. |
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发表时间:2011-11-04
vieri122 写道 没太看懂题目的意思。简单说一下我的思路
挨个pop,用一个变量保存最大值即可? 挨个pop,总的时间复杂度就是O(n)了. 这道题就是考的怎么用空间换时间. |
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发表时间:2011-11-04
tswwz 写道 可以考虑与当前stack维护对应的代表stack对应位置的最大值的栈MaxStack
对于栈stack push元素 valueA时 maxValue = popMaxStack(); pushMaxStack(maxValue); if (valueA >= maxValue) pushStack(valueA) ; pushMaxStack(valueA); if (valueA < maxValue) pushStack(valueA) ; pushMaxStack(maxValue); pop元素 maxValue = popMaxStack(); pushMaxStack(maxValue); valueA = popStack(); popMaxStack(); 这样取最大值时,直接 maxValue = popMaxStack();pushMaxStack(maxValue);就ok了。 确实是有额外用到一个栈空间. 我的push元素想法跟你一样. 但是没太看懂你的pop元素. |
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