How to Use Formatted Text Fields(为 GUI 文本框添加验证器)

package components;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;

import java.beans.PropertyChangeListener;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeEvent;

import java.text.*;

/**
 * FormattedTextFieldDemo.java requires no other files.
 *
 * It implements a mortgage calculator that uses four
 * JFormattedTextFields.
 */
public class FormattedTextFieldDemo extends JPanel
                                    implements PropertyChangeListener {
    //Values for the fields

    private double amount = 100000;
    private double rate = 7.5; //7.5%

    private int numPeriods = 30;

    //Labels to identify the fields

    private JLabel amountLabel;
    private JLabel rateLabel;
    private JLabel numPeriodsLabel;
    private JLabel paymentLabel;

    //Strings for the labels

    private static String amountString = "Loan Amount: ";
    private static String rateString = "APR (%): ";
    private static String numPeriodsString = "Years: ";
    private static String paymentString = "Monthly Payment: ";

    //Fields for data entry

    private JFormattedTextField amountField;
    private JFormattedTextField rateField;
    private JFormattedTextField numPeriodsField;
    private JFormattedTextField paymentField;

    //Formats to format and parse numbers

    private NumberFormat amountFormat;
    private NumberFormat percentFormat;
    private NumberFormat paymentFormat;

    public FormattedTextFieldDemo() {
        super(new BorderLayout());
        setUpFormats();
        double payment = computePayment(amount,
                                        rate,
                                        numPeriods);

        //Create the labels.

        amountLabel = new JLabel(amountString);
        rateLabel = new JLabel(rateString);
        numPeriodsLabel = new JLabel(numPeriodsString);
        paymentLabel = new JLabel(paymentString);

        //Create the text fields and set them up.

        amountField = new JFormattedTextField(amountFormat);
        amountField.setValue(new Double(amount));
        amountField.setColumns(10);
        amountField.addPropertyChangeListener("value", this);

        rateField = new JFormattedTextField(percentFormat);
        rateField.setValue(new Double(rate));
        rateField.setColumns(10);
        rateField.addPropertyChangeListener("value", this);

        numPeriodsField = new JFormattedTextField();
        numPeriodsField.setValue(new Integer(numPeriods));
        numPeriodsField.setColumns(10);
        numPeriodsField.addPropertyChangeListener("value", this);

        paymentField = new JFormattedTextField(paymentFormat);
        paymentField.setValue(new Double(payment));
        paymentField.setColumns(10);
        paymentField.setEditable(false);
        paymentField.setForeground(Color.red);

        //Tell accessibility tools about label/textfield pairs.

        amountLabel.setLabelFor(amountField);
        rateLabel.setLabelFor(rateField);
        numPeriodsLabel.setLabelFor(numPeriodsField);
        paymentLabel.setLabelFor(paymentField);

        //Lay out the labels in a panel.

        JPanel labelPane = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0,1));
        labelPane.add(amountLabel);
        labelPane.add(rateLabel);
        labelPane.add(numPeriodsLabel);
        labelPane.add(paymentLabel);

        //Layout the text fields in a panel.

        JPanel fieldPane = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0,1));
        fieldPane.add(amountField);
        fieldPane.add(rateField);
        fieldPane.add(numPeriodsField);
        fieldPane.add(paymentField);

        //Put the panels in this panel, labels on left,

        //text fields on right.

        setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(20, 20, 20, 20));
        add(labelPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        add(fieldPane, BorderLayout.LINE_END);
    }

    /** Called when a field's "value" property changes. */
    public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent e) {
        Object source = e.getSource();
        if (source == amountField) {
            amount = ((Number)amountField.getValue()).doubleValue();
        } else if (source == rateField) {
            rate = ((Number)rateField.getValue()).doubleValue();
        } else if (source == numPeriodsField) {
            numPeriods = ((Number)numPeriodsField.getValue()).intValue();
        }

        double payment = computePayment(amount, rate, numPeriods);
        paymentField.setValue(new Double(payment));
    }

    /**
     * Create the GUI and show it. For thread safety,
     * this method should be invoked from the
     * event dispatch thread.
     */
    private static void createAndShowGUI() {
        //Create and set up the window.

        JFrame frame = new JFrame("FormattedTextFieldDemo");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //Add contents to the window.

        frame.add(new FormattedTextFieldDemo());

        //Display the window.

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Schedule a job for the event dispatch thread:

        //creating and showing this application's GUI.

        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                //Turn off metal's use of bold fonts

     UIManager.put("swing.boldMetal", Boolean.FALSE);
                createAndShowGUI();
            }
        });
    }

    //Compute the monthly payment based on the loan amount,

    //APR, and length of loan.

    double computePayment(double loanAmt, double rate, int numPeriods) {
        double I, partial1, denominator, answer;

        numPeriods *= 12; //get number of months

        if (rate > 0.01) {
            I = rate / 100.0 / 12.0; //get monthly rate from annual

            partial1 = Math.pow((1 + I), (0.0 - numPeriods));
            denominator = (1 - partial1) / I;
        } else { //rate ~= 0

            denominator = numPeriods;
        }

        answer = (-1 * loanAmt) / denominator;
        return answer;
    }

    //Create and set up number formats. These objects also

    //parse numbers input by user.

    private void setUpFormats() {
        amountFormat = NumberFormat.getNumberInstance();

        percentFormat = NumberFormat.getNumberInstance();
        percentFormat.setMinimumFractionDigits(3);

        paymentFormat = NumberFormat.getCurrencyInstance();
    }
}