在项目对文件进行解压缩是非常常用的功能，对文件进行压缩存储或传输可以节省流量与空间。压缩文件的格式与方法都比较多，比较常用的国际标准是zip格式。压缩与解压缩的方法也很多，在.NET 2.0开始，在System.IO.Compression中微软已经给我们提供了解压缩的方法GZipStream。对于GZipStream的使用以及优缺点网上已经有非常多的文章，本文主要讲的是利用三方开源组件ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib进行文件的解压缩。
SharpZipLib地址：http://www.icsharpcode.net/OpenSource/SharpZipLib/Default.aspx
SharpZipLib是一个使用C#编写的Zip操作类库，是一个开源的C#压缩解压库，应用非常广泛。在VB.NET、C#或其他的.NET语言中都可以使用它创建Zip文件、并进行读取和更新等操作。SharpZipLib是一个完全由c#编写的Zip, GZip, Tar and BZip2 library,可以方便地支持这几种格式的压缩解压缩。SharpZipLib目前的版本为0.86，我们可以直接从上面提供的网站下载dll文件再添加到项目引用中，也可以通过VS提供的包管理工具NuGet把SharpZipLib添加到项目中。NuGet能更方便地把一些dll和文件添加到项目中,而不需要从文件中复制拷贝，推荐使用。使用NuGet添加SharpZipLib到项目中的方法如下图所示，在我们需要SharpZipLib的项目中右键单击“引用”，在弹出的快捷菜单中选择“管理NuGet程序包(N)…”。
在打开的“管理NuGet程序包”对话框，搜索SharpZipLib找到后单击安装即可。
引用SharpZipLib到项目中后，我们就可以编写相应的加压缩方法，下面将对常用的方法一一分享。
在使用前必须先添加引用如下：
using ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.Checksums; using ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.Zip;
一、压缩文件夹
/// <summary>
/// 压缩文件夹
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dirToZip"></param>
/// <param name="zipedFileName"></param>
/// <param name="compressionLevel">压缩率0（无压缩）9（压缩率最高）</param>
public static void ZipDir(string dirToZip, string zipedFileName, int compressionLevel = 9)
{
if (Path.GetExtension(zipedFileName) != ".zip")
{
zipedFileName = zipedFileName + ".zip";
}
using (var zipoutputstream = new ZipOutputStream(File.Create(zipedFileName)))
{
zipoutputstream.SetLevel(compressionLevel);
Crc32 crc = new Crc32();
Hashtable fileList = GetAllFies(dirToZip);
foreach (DictionaryEntry item in fileList)
{
FileStream fs = new FileStream(item.Key.ToString(), FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite);
byte[] buffer = new byte[fs.Length];
fs.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);;
ZipEntry entry = new ZipEntry(Path.GetFileName(item.Key.ToString()))
{
DateTime = (DateTime)item.Value,
Size = fs.Length
};
fs.Close();
crc.Reset();
crc.Update(buffer);
entry.Crc = crc.Value;
zipoutputstream.PutNextEntry(entry);
zipoutputstream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
}
}
}
二、解压文件夹
/// <summary>
/// 功能：解压zip格式的文件。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="zipFilePath">压缩文件路径</param>
/// <param name="unZipDir">解压文件存放路径,为空时默认与压缩文件同一级目录下，跟压缩文件同名的文件夹</param>
/// <returns>解压是否成功</returns>
public static void UnZip(string zipFilePath, string unZipDir)
{
if (zipFilePath == string.Empty)
{
throw new Exception("压缩文件不能为空！");
}
if (!File.Exists(zipFilePath))
{
throw new FileNotFoundException("压缩文件不存在！");
}
//解压文件夹为空时默认与压缩文件同一级目录下，跟压缩文件同名的文件夹
if (unZipDir == string.Empty)
unZipDir = zipFilePath.Replace(Path.GetFileName(zipFilePath), Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(zipFilePath));
if (!unZipDir.EndsWith("/"))
unZipDir += "/";
if (!Directory.Exists(unZipDir))
Directory.CreateDirectory(unZipDir);
using (var s = new ZipInputStream(File.OpenRead(zipFilePath)))
{
ZipEntry theEntry;
while ((theEntry = s.GetNextEntry()) != null)
{
string directoryName = Path.GetDirectoryName(theEntry.Name);
string fileName = Path.GetFileName(theEntry.Name);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(directoryName))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(unZipDir + directoryName);
}
if (directoryName != null && !directoryName.EndsWith("/"))
{
}
if (fileName != String.Empty)
{
using (FileStream streamWriter = File.Create(unZipDir + theEntry.Name))
{
int size;
byte[] data = new byte[2048];
while (true)
{
size = s.Read(data, 0, data.Length);
if (size > 0)
{
streamWriter.Write(data, 0, size);
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
三、压缩单个文件
/// <summary>
/// 压缩单个文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fileToZip">要进行压缩的文件名，全路径</param>
/// <param name="zipedFile">压缩后生成的压缩文件名,全路径</param>
public static void ZipFile(string fileToZip, string zipedFile)
{
// 如果文件没有找到，则报错
if (!File.Exists(fileToZip))
{
throw new FileNotFoundException("指定要压缩的文件: " + fileToZip + " 不存在!");
}
using (FileStream fileStream = File.OpenRead(fileToZip))
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[fileStream.Length];
fileStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
fileStream.Close();
using (FileStream zipFile = File.Create(zipedFile))
{
using (ZipOutputStream zipOutputStream = new ZipOutputStream(zipFile))
{
// string fileName = fileToZip.Substring(fileToZip.LastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
string fileName = Path.GetFileName(fileToZip);
var zipEntry = new ZipEntry(fileName)
{
DateTime = DateTime.Now,
IsUnicodeText = true
};
zipOutputStream.PutNextEntry(zipEntry);
zipOutputStream.SetLevel(5);
zipOutputStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
zipOutputStream.Finish();
zipOutputStream.Close();
}
}
}
}
三、压缩多个文件
/// <summary>
/// 压缩多个目录或文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="folderOrFileList">待压缩的文件夹或者文件，全路径格式,是一个集合</param>
/// <param name="zipedFile">压缩后的文件名，全路径格式</param>
/// <param name="password">压宿密码</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool ZipManyFilesOrDictorys(IEnumerable<string> folderOrFileList, string zipedFile, string password)
{
bool res = true;
using (var s = new ZipOutputStream(File.Create(zipedFile)))
{
s.SetLevel(6);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(password))
{
s.Password = password;
}
foreach (string fileOrDir in folderOrFileList)
{
//是文件夹
if (Directory.Exists(fileOrDir))
{
res = ZipFileDictory(fileOrDir, s, "");
}
else
{
//文件
res = ZipFileWithStream(fileOrDir, s);
}
}
s.Finish();
s.Close();
return res;
}
}
五、递归压缩文件夹
/// <summary>
/// 递归压缩文件夹方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="folderToZip"></param>
/// <param name="s"></param>
/// <param name="parentFolderName"></param>
private static bool ZipFileDictory(string folderToZip, ZipOutputStream s, string parentFolderName)
{
bool res = true;
ZipEntry entry = null;
FileStream fs = null;
Crc32 crc = new Crc32();
try
{
//创建当前文件夹
entry = new ZipEntry(Path.Combine(parentFolderName, Path.GetFileName(folderToZip) + "/")); //加上 “/” 才会当成是文件夹创建
s.PutNextEntry(entry);
s.Flush();
//先压缩文件，再递归压缩文件夹
var filenames = Directory.GetFiles(folderToZip);
foreach (string file in filenames)
{
//打开压缩文件
fs = File.OpenRead(file);
byte[] buffer = new byte[fs.Length];
fs.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
entry = new ZipEntry(Path.Combine(parentFolderName, Path.GetFileName(folderToZip) + "/" + Path.GetFileName(file)));
entry.DateTime = DateTime.Now;
entry.Size = fs.Length;
fs.Close();
crc.Reset();
crc.Update(buffer);
entry.Crc = crc.Value;
s.PutNextEntry(entry);
s.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
}
}
catch
{
res = false;
}
finally
{
if (fs != null)
{
fs.Close();
}
if (entry != null)
{
}
GC.Collect();
GC.Collect(1);
}
var folders = Directory.GetDirectories(folderToZip);
foreach (string folder in folders)
{
if (!ZipFileDictory(folder, s, Path.Combine(parentFolderName, Path.GetFileName(folderToZip))))
{
return false;
}
}
return res;
}
利用ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib解压缩辅助类全部代码如下：
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
namespace RDIFramework.Utilities
{
using ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.Checksums;
using ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.Zip;
/// <summary>
/// ZipHelper.cs
/// Zip解压缩帮助类
///
/// 修改纪录
///
/// 2017-03-05 EricHu 创建。
///
/// 版本：1.0
///
/// <author>
/// <name>EricHu</name>
/// <date>2017-03-05</date>
/// </author>
/// </summary>
public class ZipHelper
{
/// <summary>
/// 压缩文件夹
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dirToZip"></param>
/// <param name="zipedFileName"></param>
/// <param name="compressionLevel">压缩率0（无压缩）9（压缩率最高）</param>
public static void ZipDir(string dirToZip, string zipedFileName, int compressionLevel = 9)
{
if (Path.GetExtension(zipedFileName) != ".zip")
{
zipedFileName = zipedFileName + ".zip";
}
using (var zipoutputstream = new ZipOutputStream(File.Create(zipedFileName)))
{
zipoutputstream.SetLevel(compressionLevel);
Crc32 crc = new Crc32();
Hashtable fileList = GetAllFies(dirToZip);
foreach (DictionaryEntry item in fileList)
{
FileStream fs = new FileStream(item.Key.ToString(), FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite);
byte[] buffer = new byte[fs.Length];
fs.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);;
ZipEntry entry = new ZipEntry(Path.GetFileName(item.Key.ToString()))
{
DateTime = (DateTime)item.Value,
Size = fs.Length
};
fs.Close();
crc.Reset();
crc.Update(buffer);
entry.Crc = crc.Value;
zipoutputstream.PutNextEntry(entry);
zipoutputstream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取所有文件
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static Hashtable GetAllFies(string dir)
{
Hashtable filesList = new Hashtable();
DirectoryInfo fileDire = new DirectoryInfo(dir);
if (!fileDire.Exists)
{
throw new FileNotFoundException("目录:" + fileDire.FullName + "没有找到!");
}
GetAllDirFiles(fileDire, filesList);
GetAllDirsFiles(fileDire.GetDirectories(), filesList);
return filesList;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取一个文件夹下的所有文件夹里的文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dirs"></param>
/// <param name="filesList"></param>
public static void GetAllDirsFiles(IEnumerable<DirectoryInfo> dirs, Hashtable filesList)
{
foreach (DirectoryInfo dir in dirs)
{
foreach (FileInfo file in dir.GetFiles("*.*"))
{
filesList.Add(file.FullName, file.LastWriteTime);
}
GetAllDirsFiles(dir.GetDirectories(), filesList);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取一个文件夹下的文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dir">目录名称</param>
/// <param name="filesList">文件列表HastTable</param>
public static void GetAllDirFiles(DirectoryInfo dir, Hashtable filesList)
{
foreach (FileInfo file in dir.GetFiles("*.*"))
{
filesList.Add(file.FullName, file.LastWriteTime);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 功能：解压zip格式的文件。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="zipFilePath">压缩文件路径</param>
/// <param name="unZipDir">解压文件存放路径,为空时默认与压缩文件同一级目录下，跟压缩文件同名的文件夹</param>
/// <returns>解压是否成功</returns>
public static void UnZip(string zipFilePath, string unZipDir)
{
if (zipFilePath == string.Empty)
{
throw new Exception("压缩文件不能为空！");
}
if (!File.Exists(zipFilePath))
{
throw new FileNotFoundException("压缩文件不存在！");
}
//解压文件夹为空时默认与压缩文件同一级目录下，跟压缩文件同名的文件夹
if (unZipDir == string.Empty)
unZipDir = zipFilePath.Replace(Path.GetFileName(zipFilePath), Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(zipFilePath));
if (!unZipDir.EndsWith("/"))
unZipDir += "/";
if (!Directory.Exists(unZipDir))
Directory.CreateDirectory(unZipDir);
using (var s = new ZipInputStream(File.OpenRead(zipFilePath)))
{
ZipEntry theEntry;
while ((theEntry = s.GetNextEntry()) != null)
{
string directoryName = Path.GetDirectoryName(theEntry.Name);
string fileName = Path.GetFileName(theEntry.Name);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(directoryName))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(unZipDir + directoryName);
}
if (directoryName != null && !directoryName.EndsWith("/"))
{
}
if (fileName != String.Empty)
{
using (FileStream streamWriter = File.Create(unZipDir + theEntry.Name))
{
int size;
byte[] data = new byte[2048];
while (true)
{
size = s.Read(data, 0, data.Length);
if (size > 0)
{
streamWriter.Write(data, 0, size);
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 压缩单个文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">被压缩的文件名称(包含文件路径)，文件的全路径</param>
/// <param name="zipedFileName">压缩后的文件名称(包含文件路径)，保存的文件名称</param>
/// <param name="compressionLevel">压缩率0（无压缩）到 9（压缩率最高）</param>
public static void ZipFile(string filePath, string zipedFileName, int compressionLevel = 9)
{
// 如果文件没有找到，则报错
if (!File.Exists(filePath))
{
throw new FileNotFoundException("文件：" + filePath + "没有找到！");
}
// 如果压缩后名字为空就默认使用源文件名称作为压缩文件名称
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(zipedFileName))
{
string oldValue = Path.GetFileName(filePath);
if (oldValue != null)
{
zipedFileName = filePath.Replace(oldValue, "") + Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(filePath) + ".zip";
}
}
// 如果压缩后的文件名称后缀名不是zip，就是加上zip，防止是一个乱码文件
if (Path.GetExtension(zipedFileName) != ".zip")
{
zipedFileName = zipedFileName + ".zip";
}
// 如果指定位置目录不存在，创建该目录 C:\Users\yhl\Desktop\大汉三通
string zipedDir = zipedFileName.Substring(0, zipedFileName.LastIndexOf("\\", StringComparison.Ordinal));
if (!Directory.Exists(zipedDir))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(zipedDir);
}
// 被压缩文件名称
string filename = filePath.Substring(filePath.LastIndexOf("\\", StringComparison.Ordinal) + 1);
var streamToZip = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
var zipFile = File.Create(zipedFileName);
var zipStream = new ZipOutputStream(zipFile);
var zipEntry = new ZipEntry(filename);
zipStream.PutNextEntry(zipEntry);
zipStream.SetLevel(compressionLevel);
var buffer = new byte[2048];
Int32 size = streamToZip.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
zipStream.Write(buffer, 0, size);
try
{
while (size < streamToZip.Length)
{
int sizeRead = streamToZip.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
zipStream.Write(buffer, 0, sizeRead);
size += sizeRead;
}
}
finally
{
zipStream.Finish();
zipStream.Close();
streamToZip.Close();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 压缩单个文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fileToZip">要进行压缩的文件名，全路径</param>
/// <param name="zipedFile">压缩后生成的压缩文件名,全路径</param>
public static void ZipFile(string fileToZip, string zipedFile)
{
// 如果文件没有找到，则报错
if (!File.Exists(fileToZip))
{
throw new FileNotFoundException("指定要压缩的文件: " + fileToZip + " 不存在!");
}
using (FileStream fileStream = File.OpenRead(fileToZip))
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[fileStream.Length];
fileStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
fileStream.Close();
using (FileStream zipFile = File.Create(zipedFile))
{
using (ZipOutputStream zipOutputStream = new ZipOutputStream(zipFile))
{
// string fileName = fileToZip.Substring(fileToZip.LastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
string fileName = Path.GetFileName(fileToZip);
var zipEntry = new ZipEntry(fileName)
{
DateTime = DateTime.Now,
IsUnicodeText = true
};
zipOutputStream.PutNextEntry(zipEntry);
zipOutputStream.SetLevel(5);
zipOutputStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
zipOutputStream.Finish();
zipOutputStream.Close();
}
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 压缩多个目录或文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="folderOrFileList">待压缩的文件夹或者文件，全路径格式,是一个集合</param>
/// <param name="zipedFile">压缩后的文件名，全路径格式</param>
/// <param name="password">压宿密码</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool ZipManyFilesOrDictorys(IEnumerable<string> folderOrFileList, string zipedFile, string password)
{
bool res = true;
using (var s = new ZipOutputStream(File.Create(zipedFile)))
{
s.SetLevel(6);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(password))
{
s.Password = password;
}
foreach (string fileOrDir in folderOrFileList)
{
//是文件夹
if (Directory.Exists(fileOrDir))
{
res = ZipFileDictory(fileOrDir, s, "");
}
else
{
//文件
res = ZipFileWithStream(fileOrDir, s);
}
}
s.Finish();
s.Close();
return res;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 带压缩流压缩单个文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fileToZip">要进行压缩的文件名</param>
/// <param name="zipStream"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static bool ZipFileWithStream(string fileToZip, ZipOutputStream zipStream)
{
//如果文件没有找到，则报错
if (!File.Exists(fileToZip))
{
throw new FileNotFoundException("指定要压缩的文件: " + fileToZip + " 不存在!");
}
//FileStream fs = null;
FileStream zipFile = null;
ZipEntry zipEntry = null;
bool res = true;
try
{
zipFile = File.OpenRead(fileToZip);
byte[] buffer = new byte[zipFile.Length];
zipFile.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
zipFile.Close();
zipEntry = new ZipEntry(Path.GetFileName(fileToZip));
zipStream.PutNextEntry(zipEntry);
zipStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
}
catch
{
res = false;
}
finally
{
if (zipEntry != null)
{
}
if (zipFile != null)
{
zipFile.Close();
}
GC.Collect();
GC.Collect(1);
}
return res;
}
/// <summary>
/// 递归压缩文件夹方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="folderToZip"></param>
/// <param name="s"></param>
/// <param name="parentFolderName"></param>
private static bool ZipFileDictory(string folderToZip, ZipOutputStream s, string parentFolderName)
{
bool res = true;
ZipEntry entry = null;
FileStream fs = null;
Crc32 crc = new Crc32();
try
{
//创建当前文件夹
entry = new ZipEntry(Path.Combine(parentFolderName, Path.GetFileName(folderToZip) + "/")); //加上 “/” 才会当成是文件夹创建
s.PutNextEntry(entry);
s.Flush();
//先压缩文件，再递归压缩文件夹
var filenames = Directory.GetFiles(folderToZip);
foreach (string file in filenames)
{
//打开压缩文件
fs = File.OpenRead(file);
byte[] buffer = new byte[fs.Length];
fs.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
entry = new ZipEntry(Path.Combine(parentFolderName, Path.GetFileName(folderToZip) + "/" + Path.GetFileName(file)));
entry.DateTime = DateTime.Now;
entry.Size = fs.Length;
fs.Close();
crc.Reset();
crc.Update(buffer);
entry.Crc = crc.Value;
s.PutNextEntry(entry);
s.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
}
}
catch
{
res = false;
}
finally
{
if (fs != null)
{
fs.Close();
}
if (entry != null)
{
}
GC.Collect();
GC.Collect(1);
}
var folders = Directory.GetDirectories(folderToZip);
foreach (string folder in folders)
{
if (!ZipFileDictory(folder, s, Path.Combine(parentFolderName, Path.GetFileName(folderToZip))))
{
return false;
}
}
return res;
}
}
}