Java 工程师成神之路

http://www.hollischuang.com/archives/489
https://linux.cn/article-6739-1.html

一、基础篇

1.1 JVM

1.1.1. Java内存模型，Java内存管理，Java堆和栈，垃圾回收

http://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=133 
http://ifeve.com/jmm-faq/ 

1.1.2. 了解JVM各种参数及调优

1.1.3. 学习使用Java工具

jps, jstack, jmap, jconsole, jinfo, jhat, javap, …
http://kenai.com/projects/btrace 
http://www.crashub.org/ 
https://github.com/taobao/TProfiler 
https://github.com/CSUG/HouseMD 
http://wiki.cyclopsgroup.org/jmxterm 
https://github.com/jlusdy/TBJMap 

1.1.4. 学习Java诊断工具

http://www.eclipse.org/mat/ 
http://visualvm.Java.net/oqlhelp.html 

1.1.5. 自己编写各种outofmemory，stackoverflow程序

HeapOutOfMemory
Young OutOfMemory
MethodArea OutOfMemory
ConstantPool OutOfMemory
DirectMemory OutOfMemory
Stack OutOfMemory
Stack OverFlow

1.1.6. 使用工具尝试解决以下问题，并写下总结

当一个Java程序响应很慢时如何查找问题
当一个Java程序频繁FullGC时如何解决问题，如何查看垃圾回收日志
当一个Java应用发生OutOfMemory时该如何解决，年轻代、年老代、永久代解决办法不同，导致原因也不同

1.1.7. 参考资料

http://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jvms/se7/html/ 
http://www.cs.umd.edu/~pugh/java/memoryModel/ 
http://gee.cs.oswego.edu/dl/jmm/cookbook.html 

1.2. Java基础知识

1.2.1. 阅读源代码

java.lang.String
java.lang.Integer
java.lang.Long
java.lang.Enum
java.math.BigDecimal
java.lang.ThreadLocal
java.lang.ClassLoader & java.net.URLClassLoader
java.util.ArrayList & java.util.LinkedList
java.util.HashMap & java.util.LinkedHashMap & java.util.TreeMap
java.util.HashSet & java.util.LinkedHashSet & java.util.TreeSet

1.2.2. 熟悉Java中各种变量类型

1.2.3. 熟悉Java String的使用，熟悉String的各种函数

1.2.4. 熟悉Java中各种关键字

1.2.5. 学会使用List，Map，Stack，Queue，Set

上述数据结构的遍历
上述数据结构的使用场景
Java实现对Array/List排序
java.uti.Arrays.sort()
java.util.Collections.sort()
Java实现对List去重
Java实现对List去重，并且需要保留数据原始的出现顺序
Java实现最近最少使用cache，用LinkedHashMap

1.2.6. Java IO&Java NIO，并学会使用

java.io.*
java.nio.*
nio和reactor设计模式
文件编码，字符集

1.2.7. Java反射与javassist

反射与工厂模式
java.lang.reflect.*

1.2.8. Java序列化

java.io. Serializable
什么是序列化，为什么序列化
序列化与单例模式
google序列化protobuf

1.2.9. 虚引用，弱引用，软引用

java.lang.ref.*
实验这些引用的回收

1.2.10. 熟悉Java系统属性

java.util.Properties

1.2.11. 熟悉Annotation用法

java.lang.annotation.*

1.2.12. JMS

javax.jms.*

1.2.13. JMX

java.lang.management.*
javax.management.*

1.2.14. 泛型和继承，泛型和擦除

1.2.15. 自动拆箱装箱与字节码

1.2.16. 实现Callback

1.2.17. java.lang.Void类使用

1.2.18. Java Agent，premain函数

java.lang.instrument

1.2.19. 单元测试

Junit， http://junit.org/  
Jmockit， https://code.google.com/p/jmockit/ 
djUnit， http://works.dgic.co.jp/djunit/ 

1.2.20. Java实现通过正则表达式提取一段文本中的电子邮件，并将@替换为#输出

java.lang.util.regex.*

1.2.21. 学习使用常用的Java工具库

commons.lang, commons.*…
guava-libraries
netty

1.2.22. 什么是API&SPI

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_provider_interface 

1.2.23. 参考资料

JDK src.zip 源代码
http://openjdk.java.net/ 
http://commons.apache.org/ 
https://code.google.com/p/guava-libraries/ 
http://netty.io/ 
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2954372/difference-between-spi-and-api 
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11404230/how-to-implement-the-api-spi-pattern-in-java 

1.3. Java并发编程

1.3.1. 阅读源代码，并学会使用

java.lang.Thread
java.lang.Runnable
java.util.concurrent.Callable
java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock
java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock
java.util.concurrent.atomic.Atomic*
java.util.concurrent.Semaphore
java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch
java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier
java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap
java.util.concurrent.Executors

1.3.2. 学习使用线程池，自己设计线程池需要注意什么

1.3.3. 锁

什么是锁，锁的种类有哪些，每种锁有什么特点，适用场景是什么
在并发编程中锁的意义是什么

1.3.4. synchronized的作用是什么，synchronized和lock

1.3.5. sleep和wait

1.3.6. wait和notify

1.3.7. 写一个死锁的程序

1.3.8. 什么是守护线程，守护线程和非守护线程的区别以及用法

1.3.9. volatile关键字的理解

C++ volatile关键字和Java volatile关键字
happens-before语义
编译器指令重排和CPU指令重排
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_ordering 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatile_variable 
http://preshing.com/20130702/the-happens-before-relation/ 

1.3.10. 以下代码是不是线程安全？为什么？如果为count加上volatile修饰是否能够做到线程安全？你觉得该怎么做是线程安全的？

<ol class="linenums"><li class="L0"><code><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">class</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Sample</span><span class="pun">{</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">private</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">static</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">int</span><span class="pln"> count </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="lit">0</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">static</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">void</span><span class="pln"> increment</span><span class="pun">(){</span>
<span class="pln">    count</span><span class="pun">++;</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="pun">}</span>
<span class="pun">}</span></code></li></ol>

1.3.11. 解释一下下面两段代码的差别

<ol class="linenums"><li class="L0"><code>// 代码1</code></li><li class="L1"><code><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">class</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Sample</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span></code></li><li class="L2"><code><span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">private</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">static</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">int</span><span class="pln"> count </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">0</span><span class="pun">;</span></code></li><li class="L3"><code><span class="pln">  synchronized </span><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">static</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">void</span><span class="pln"> increment</span><span class="pun">()</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span></code></li><li class="L4"><code><span class="pln">    count</span><span class="pun">++;</span></code></li><li class="L5"><code><span class="pln">  </span><span class="pun">}</span></code></li><li class="L6"><code>}</code></li><li class="L7"><code></code>
</li><li class="L8"><code>// 代码2</code></li><li class="L9"><code><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">class</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Sample</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span></code></li><li class="L0"><code><span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">private</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">static</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">AtomicInteger</span><span class="pln"> count </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">new</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">AtomicInteger</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="lit">0</span><span class="pun">);</span></code></li><li class="L1"><code><span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">static</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">void</span><span class="pln"> increment</span><span class="pun">()</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span></code></li><li class="L2"><code><span class="pln">    count</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">getAndIncrement</span><span class="pun">();</span></code></li><li class="L3"><code><span class="pln">  </span><span class="pun">}</span></code></li><li class="L4"><code>}</code></li></ol>

1.3.12. 参考资料

http://book.douban.com/subject/10484692/ 
http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/processors/architectures-software-developer-manuals.html 

二、 进阶篇

2.1. Java底层知识

2.1.1. 学习了解字节码、class文件格式

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_class_file 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_bytecode 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_bytecode_instruction_listings 
http://www.csg.ci.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~chiba/javassist/ 
http://asm.ow2.org/ 

2.1.2. 写一个程序要求实现javap的功能（手工完成，不借助ASM等工具）

如Java源代码：

<ol class="linenums"><li class="L0"><code><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">static</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">void</span><span class="pln"> main</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="typ">String</span><span class="pun">[]</span><span class="pln"> args</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span></code></li><li class="L1"><code><span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">int</span><span class="pln"> i </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">0</span><span class="pun">;</span></code></li><li class="L2"><code><span class="pln">  i </span><span class="pun">+=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">1</span><span class="pun">;</span></code></li><li class="L3"><code><span class="pln">  i </span><span class="pun">*=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">1</span><span class="pun">;</span></code></li><li class="L4"><code><span class="pln">  </span><span class="typ">System</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">out</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">println</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">i</span><span class="pun">);</span></code></li><li class="L5"><code>}</code></li></ol>

编译后读取class文件输出以下代码：

<ol class="linenums"><li class="L0"><code><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">static</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">void</span><span class="pln"> main</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">java</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">lang</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="typ">String</span><span class="pun">[]);</span></code></li><li class="L1"><code><span class="pln">  </span><span class="typ">Code</span><span class="pun">:</span></code></li><li class="L2"><code><span class="pln">   </span><span class="typ">Stack</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="lit">2</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Locals</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="lit">2</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Args_size</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="lit">1</span></code></li><li class="L3"><code><span class="pln">   </span><span class="lit">0</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">   iconst_0</span></code></li><li class="L4"><code><span class="pln">   </span><span class="lit">1</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">   istore_1</span></code></li><li class="L5"><code><span class="pln">   </span><span class="lit">2</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">   iinc    </span><span class="lit">1</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">1</span></code></li><li class="L6"><code><span class="pln">   </span><span class="lit">5</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">   iload_1</span></code></li><li class="L7"><code><span class="pln">   </span><span class="lit">6</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">   iconst_1</span></code></li><li class="L8"><code><span class="pln">   </span><span class="lit">7</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">   imul</span></code></li><li class="L9"><code><span class="pln">   </span><span class="lit">8</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">   istore_1</span></code></li><li class="L0"><code><span class="pln">   </span><span class="lit">9</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">   getstatic       </span><span class="com">#</span><span class="lit">2</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="com">//Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;</span></code></li><li class="L1"><code><span class="pln">   </span><span class="lit">12</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">  iload_1</span></code></li><li class="L2"><code><span class="pln">   </span><span class="lit">13</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">  invokevirtual   </span><span class="com">#</span><span class="lit">3</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="com">//Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V</span></code></li><li class="L3"><code><span class="pln">   </span><span class="lit">16</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">return</span></code></li><li class="L4"><code><span class="pln">  </span><span class="typ">LineNumberTable</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span></code></li><li class="L5"><code><span class="pln">   line </span><span class="lit">4</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">0</span></code></li><li class="L6"><code><span class="pln">   line </span><span class="lit">5</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">2</span></code></li><li class="L7"><code><span class="pln">   line </span><span class="lit">6</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">5</span></code></li><li class="L8"><code><span class="pln">   line </span><span class="lit">7</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">9</span></code></li><li class="L9"><code><span class="pln">   line </span><span class="lit">8</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">16</span></code></li></ol>

2.1.3. CPU缓存，L1，L2，L3和伪共享

http://duartes.org/gustavo/blog/post/intel-cpu-caches/ 
http://mechanical-sympathy.blogspot.com/2011/07/false-sharing.html 

2.1.4. 什么是尾递归

2.1.5. 熟悉位运算

用位运算实现加、减、乘、除、取余

2.1.6. 参考资料

http://book.douban.com/subject/1138768/ 
http://book.douban.com/subject/6522893/ 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_class_file 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_bytecode 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_bytecode_instruction_listings 

2.2. 设计模式

2.2.1. 实现AOP

CGLIB和InvocationHandler的区别，http://cglib.sourceforge.net/ 
动态代理模式
Javassist实现AOP，http://www.csg.ci.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~chiba/javassist/ 
ASM实现AOP，http://asm.ow2.org/ 

2.2.2. 使用模板方法设计模式和策略设计模式实现IOC

2.2.3. 不用synchronized和lock，实现线程安全的单例模式

2.2.4. nio和reactor设计模式

2.2.5. 参考资料

http://asm.ow2.org/ 
http://cglib.sourceforge.net/ 
http://www.javassist.org/ 

2.3. 网络编程知识

2.3.1. Java RMI，Socket，HttpClient

2.3.2. 用Java写一个简单的静态文件的HTTP服务器

实现客户端缓存功能，支持返回304
实现可并发下载一个文件
使用线程池处理客户端请求
使用nio处理客户端请求
支持简单的rewrite规则
上述功能在实现的时候需要满足“开闭原则”

2.3.3. 了解nginx和apache服务器的特性并搭建一个对应的服务器

http://nginx.org/ 
http://httpd.apache.org/ 

2.3.4. 用Java实现FTP、SMTP协议

2.3.5. 什么是CDN？如果实现？DNS起到什么作用？

搭建一个DNS服务器
搭建一个 Squid 或 Apache Traffic Server 服务器
http://www.squid-cache.org/ 
http://trafficserver.apache.org/ 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System 

2.3.6. 参考资料

http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt 
http://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5321.txt 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open/closed_principle 

2.4. 框架知识

spring，spring mvc，阅读主要源码
ibatis，阅读主要源码
用spring和ibatis搭建java server

2.5. 应用服务器知识

熟悉使用jboss， https://www.jboss.org/overview/  
熟悉使用tomcat， http://tomcat.apache.org/  
熟悉使用jetty， http://www.eclipse.org/jetty/ 

三、 高级篇

3.1. 编译原理知识

3.1.1. 用Java实现以下表达式解析并返回结果（语法和Oracle中的select sysdate-1 from dual类似）

<ol class="linenums"><li class="L0"><code>sysdate</code></li><li class="L1"><code><span class="pln">sysdate </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="lit">1</span></code></li><li class="L2"><code><span class="pln">sysdate </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="lit">1</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="lit">24</span></code></li><li class="L3"><code><span class="pln">sysdate </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="lit">1</span><span class="pun">/(</span><span class="lit">12</span><span class="pun">*</span><span class="lit">2</span><span class="pun">)</span></code></li></ol>

3.1.2. 实现对一个List通过DSL筛选

<ol class="linenums"><li class="L0"><code><span class="typ">QList</span><span class="pun"><</span><span class="typ">Map</span><span class="pun"><</span><span class="typ">String</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Object</span><span class="pun">>></span><span class="pln"> mapList </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">new</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">QList</span><span class="pun"><</span><span class="typ">Map</span><span class="pun"><</span><span class="typ">String</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Object</span><span class="pun">>>;</span></code></li><li class="L1"><code><span class="pln">mapList</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">add</span><span class="pun">({</span><span class="str">"name"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"hatter test"</span><span class="pun">});</span></code></li><li class="L2"><code><span class="pln">mapList</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">add</span><span class="pun">({</span><span class="str">"id"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="lit">1</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"name"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"hatter test"</span><span class="pun">});</span></code></li><li class="L3"><code><span class="pln">mapList</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">add</span><span class="pun">({</span><span class="str">"id"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">0</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"name"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"hatter test"</span><span class="pun">});</span></code></li><li class="L4"><code><span class="pln">mapList</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">add</span><span class="pun">({</span><span class="str">"id"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">1</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"name"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"test test"</span><span class="pun">});</span></code></li><li class="L5"><code><span class="pln">mapList</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">add</span><span class="pun">({</span><span class="str">"id"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">2</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"name"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"hatter test"</span><span class="pun">});</span></code></li><li class="L6"><code><span class="pln">mapList</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">add</span><span class="pun">({</span><span class="str">"id"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">3</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"name"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"test hatter"</span><span class="pun">});</span></code></li><li class="L7"><code><span class="pln">mapList</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">query</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"id is not null and id > 0 and name like '%hatter%'"</span><span class="pun">);</span></code></li></ol>

要求返回列表中匹配的对象，即最后两个对象；

3.1.3. 用Java实现以下程序（语法和变量作用域处理都和JavaScript类似）：

代码：

<ol class="linenums"><li class="L0"><code><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pln"> a </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">1</span><span class="pun">;</span></code></li><li class="L1"><code><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pln"> b </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">2</span><span class="pun">;</span></code></li><li class="L2"><code><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pln"> c </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">function</span><span class="pun">()</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span></code></li><li class="L3"><code><span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pln"> a </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">3</span><span class="pun">;</span></code></li><li class="L4"><code><span class="pln">  println</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">a</span><span class="pun">);</span></code></li><li class="L5"><code><span class="pln">  println</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">b</span><span class="pun">);</span></code></li><li class="L6"><code>};</code></li><li class="L7"><code><span class="pln">c</span><span class="pun">();</span></code></li><li class="L8"><code><span class="pln">println</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">a</span><span class="pun">);</span></code></li><li class="L9"><code><span class="pln">println</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">b</span><span class="pun">);</span></code></li></ol>

输出：

<ol class="linenums"><li class="L0"><code>3212</code></li></ol>

3.1.4. 参考资料

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree 
https://javacc.java.net/ 
http://www.antlr.org/ 

3.2. 操作系统知识

Ubuntu
Centos
使用linux，熟悉shell脚本

3.3. 数据存储知识

3.3.1. 关系型数据库

MySQL
如何看执行计划
如何搭建MySQL主备
binlog是什么
Derby，H2，PostgreSQL
SQLite

3.3.2. NoSQL

Cache
Redis
Memcached
Leveldb
Bigtable
HBase
Cassandra
Mongodb
图数据库
neo4j

3.3.3. 参考资料

http://db-engines.com/en/ranking 
http://redis.io/ 
https://code.google.com/p/leveldb/ 
http://hbase.apache.org/ 
http://cassandra.apache.org/ 
http://www.mongodb.org/ 
http://www.neo4j.org/ 

3.4. 大数据知识

3.4.1. Zookeeper，在linux上部署zk

3.4.2. Solr，Lucene，ElasticSearch

在linux上部署solr，solrcloud，新增、删除、查询索引

3.4.3. Storm，流式计算，了解Spark，S4

在linux上部署storm，用zookeeper做协调，运行storm hello world，local和remote模式运行调试storm topology。

3.4.4. Hadoop，离线计算

Hdfs：部署NameNode，SecondaryNameNode，DataNode，上传文件、打开文件、更改文件、删除文件
MapReduce：部署JobTracker，TaskTracker，编写mr job
Hive：部署hive，书写hive sql，得到结果
Presto：类hive，不过比hive快，非常值得学习

3.4.5. 分布式日志收集flume，kafka，logstash

3.4.6. 数据挖掘，mahout

3.4.7. 参考资料

http://zookeeper.apache.org/ 
https://lucene.apache.org/solr/ 
https://github.com/nathanmarz/storm/wiki 
http://Hadoop.apache.org/ 
http://prestodb.io/ 
http://flume.apache.org/
http://logstash.net/
http://kafka.apache.org/
http://mahout.apache.org/ 

3.5. 网络安全知识

3.5.1. 什么是DES、AES

3.5.2. 什么是RSA、DSA

3.5.3. 什么是MD5，SHA1

3.5.4. 什么是SSL、TLS，为什么HTTPS相对比较安全

3.5.5. 什么是中间人攻击、如果避免中间人攻击

3.5.6. 什么是DOS、DDOS、CC攻击

3.5.7. 什么是CSRF攻击

3.5.8. 什么是CSS攻击

3.5.9. 什么是SQL注入攻击

3.5.10. 什么是Hash碰撞拒绝服务攻击

3.5.11. 了解并学习下面几种增强安全的技术

http://www.openauthentication.org/ 
HOTP http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4226.txt 
TOTP http://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6238.txt 
OCRA http://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6287.txt 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(cryptography) 

3.5.12. 用openssl签一个证书部署到apache或nginx

3.5.13. 参考资料

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_hash_function 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security 
http://www.openssl.org/ 
https://code.google.com/p/google-authenticator/ 

四、 扩展篇

4.1. 相关知识

4.1.1. 云计算，分布式，高可用，可扩展

4.1.2. 虚拟化

https://linuxcontainers.org/ 
http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page 
http://www.xenproject.org/ 
https://www.Docker.io/ 

4.1.3. 监控

http://www.nagios.org/ 
http://ganglia.info/ 

4.1.4. 负载均衡

http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/ 

4.1.5. 学习使用git

https://github.com/ 
https://git.oschina.net/ 

4.1.6. 学习使用maven

http://maven.apache.org/ 

4.1.7. 学习使用gradle

http://www.gradle.org/ 

4.1.8. 学习一个小语种语言

Groovy
Scala
LISP, Common LISP, Schema, Clojure
R
Julia
Lua
Ruby

4.1.9. 尝试了解编码的本质

了解以下概念
ASCII, ISO-8859-1
GB2312, GBK, GB18030
Unicode, UTF-8
不使用 String.getBytes() 等其他工具类/函数完成下面功能

<ol class="linenums"><li class="L0"><code><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">static</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">void</span><span class="pln"> main</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="typ">String</span><span class="pun">[]</span><span class="pln"> args</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> throws </span><span class="typ">IOException</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span></code></li><li class="L1"><code><span class="pln">    </span><span class="typ">String</span><span class="pln"> str </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"Hello, 我们是中国人。"</span><span class="pun">;</span></code></li><li class="L2"><code><span class="pln">    byte</span><span class="pun">[]</span><span class="pln"> utf8Bytes </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> toUTF8Bytes</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">str</span><span class="pun">);</span></code></li><li class="L3"><code><span class="pln">    </span><span class="typ">FileOutputStream</span><span class="pln"> fos </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">new</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">FileOutputStream</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"f.txt"</span><span class="pun">);</span></code></li><li class="L4"><code><span class="pln">    fos</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="kwd">write</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">utf8Bytes</span><span class="pun">);</span></code></li><li class="L5"><code><span class="pln">    fos</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">close</span><span class="pun">();</span></code></li><li class="L6"><code>}</code></li><li class="L7"><code><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">static</span><span class="pln"> byte</span><span class="pun">[]</span><span class="pln"> toUTF8Bytes</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="typ">String</span><span class="pln"> str</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span></code></li><li class="L8"><code><span class="pln">    </span><span class="kwd">return</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">null</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="com">// TODO</span></code></li><li class="L9"><code>}</code></li></ol>

想一下上面的程序能不能写一个转GBK的？
写个程序自动判断一个文件是哪种编码

4.1.10. 尝试了解时间的本质

时区 & 冬令时、夏令时
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone 
ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/data/asia 
http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%99%82%E5%8D%80 
闰年， http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leap_year 
闰秒， ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/data/leapseconds 
System.currentTimeMillis() 返回的时间是什么

4.1.11. 参考资料

http://git-scm.com/ 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8 
http://www.iana.org/time-zones 

4.2. 扩展学习

4.2.1. JavaScript知识

4.2.1.1. 什么是prototype

修改代码，使程序输出“1 3 5”： http://jsfiddle.net/Ts7Fk/ 

4.2.1.2. 什么是闭包

看一下这段代码，并解释一下为什么按Button1时没有alert出“This is button: 1”，如何修改：
http://jsfiddle.net/FDPj3/1/ 

4.2.1.3. 了解并学习一个JS框架

jQuery
ExtJS
ArgularJS

4.2.1.4. 写一个Greasemonkey插件

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greasemonkey   

4.2.1.5. 学习node.js

http://nodejs.org/ 

4.2.2. 学习html5

ArgularJS， https://docs.angularjs.org/api 

4.2.3. 参考资料

http://www.ecmascript.org/ 
http://jsfiddle.net/ 
http://jsbin.com/ 
http://runjs.cn/ 
http://userscripts.org/ 

五、 推荐书籍

《深入Java虚拟机》
《深入理解Java虚拟机》
《Effective Java》
《七周七语言》
《七周七数据》
《Hadoop技术内幕》
《Hbase In Action》
《Mahout In Action》
《这就是搜索引擎》
《Solr In Action》
《深入分析Java Web技术内幕》
《大型网站技术架构》
《高性能MySQL》
《算法导论》
《计算机程序设计艺术》
《代码大全》
《JavaScript权威指南》