管理基本命令

1、查看数据库字符集
select * from nls_database_parameters;

2、查看用户数据库

select userenv('language') from dual;

3、修改

[oracle@pdc oracle]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Jun 6 08:45:34 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.   All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> STARTUP nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE mount exclusive;
Database altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM enable restricted session;
System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
System altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
Database altered.
SQL>   ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET UTF8;
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
提示我们的字符集：新字符集必须为旧字符集的超集，这时我们可以跳过超集的检查做更改(UTF8可以根据需要更改，如ZHS16GBK
)：
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE UTF8;
Database altered.      注意：如果没有大对象，在使用过程中进行语言转换没有什么影响，具体过程如下（切记设定的字符集必须是ORACLE支持，不然不能start）