Spring 的 JDBCTemplate使用总结

1、使用JdbcTemplate的execute()方法执行SQL语句
Java代码
jdbcTemplate.execute("CREATE TABLE USER (user_id integer, name varchar(100))");  

jdbcTemplate.execute("CREATE TABLE USER (user_id integer, name varchar(100))");

2、如果是UPDATE或INSERT,可以用update()方法。
Java代码
jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES('"  
            + user.getId() + "', '"  
            + user.getName() + "', '"  
            + user.getSex() + "', '"  
            + user.getAge() + "')");  

jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES('"            + user.getId() + "', '"            + user.getName() + "', '"            + user.getSex() + "', '"            + user.getAge() + "')");

3、带参数的更新
Java代码
jdbcTemplate.update("UPDATE USER SET name = ? WHERE user_id = ?", new Object[] {name, id});  

jdbcTemplate.update("UPDATE USER SET name = ? WHERE user_id = ?", new Object[] {name, id});

Java代码
jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)", new Object[] {user.getId(), user.getName(), user.getSex(), user.getAge()});  

jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)", new Object[] {user.getId(), user.getName(), user.getSex(), user.getAge()});

4、使用JdbcTemplate进行查询时，使用queryForXXX()等方法
Java代码
int count = jdbcTemplate.queryForInt("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM USER");  

int count = jdbcTemplate.queryForInt("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM USER");


Java代码
String name = (String) jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT name FROM USER WHERE user_id = ?", new Object[] {id}, java.lang.String.class);  

String name = (String) jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT name FROM USER WHERE user_id = ?", new Object[] {id}, java.lang.String.class);


Java代码
List rows = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT * FROM USER");  

List rows = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT * FROM USER");


Java代码
List rows = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT * FROM USER");   
Iterator it = rows.iterator();   
while(it.hasNext()) {   
     Map userMap = (Map) it.next();   
     System.out.print(userMap.get("user_id") + "\t");   
     System.out.print(userMap.get("name") + "\t");   
     System.out.print(userMap.get("sex") + "\t");   
     System.out.println(userMap.get("age") + "\t");   
}  

List rows = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT * FROM USER"); Iterator it = rows.iterator(); while(it.hasNext()) {     Map userMap = (Map) it.next();     System.out.print(userMap.get("user_id") + "\t");     System.out.print(userMap.get("name") + "\t");     System.out.print(userMap.get("sex") + "\t");     System.out.println(userMap.get("age") + "\t"); }


JdbcTemplate将我们使用的JDBC的流程封装起来，包括了异常的捕捉、SQL的执行、查询结果的转换等等。spring大量使用Template Method模式来封装固定流程的动作，XXXTemplate等类别都是基于这种方式的实现。
除了大量使用Template Method来封装一些底层的操作细节，spring也大量使用callback方式类回调相关类别的方法以提供JDBC相关类别的功能，使传统的JDBC的使用者也能清楚了解spring所提供的相关封装类别方法的使用。

JDBC的PreparedStatement
Java代码
final String id = user.getId();   
final String name = user.getName();   
final String sex = user.getSex() + "";   
final int age = user.getAge();   
  
jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)",   
                     new PreparedStatementSetter() {   
                         public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException {   
                              ps.setString(1, id);   
                              ps.setString(2, name);             
                              ps.setString(3, sex);   
                              ps.setInt(4, age);   
                          }   
                      });  

final String id = user.getId(); final String name = user.getName(); final String sex = user.getSex() + ""; final int age = user.getAge();  jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)",                      new PreparedStatementSetter() {                          public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException {                              ps.setString(1, id);                              ps.setString(2, name);                                        ps.setString(3, sex);                              ps.setInt(4, age);                          }                      });


Java代码
final User user = new User();   
jdbcTemplate.query("SELECT * FROM USER WHERE user_id = ?",   
                    new Object[] {id},   
                    new RowCallbackHandler() {   
                        public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {   
                             user.setId(rs.getString("user_id"));   
                             user.setName(rs.getString("name"));   
                             user.setSex(rs.getString("sex").charAt(0));   
                             user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));   
                         }   
                     });  

final User user = new User(); jdbcTemplate.query("SELECT * FROM USER WHERE user_id = ?",                     new Object[] {id},                     new RowCallbackHandler() {                         public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {                             user.setId(rs.getString("user_id"));                             user.setName(rs.getString("name"));                             user.setSex(rs.getString("sex").charAt(0));                             user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));                         }                     });




Java代码
class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper {   
    public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index) throws SQLException {   
         User user = new User();   
  
         user.setId(rs.getString("user_id"));   
         user.setName(rs.getString("name"));   
         user.setSex(rs.getString("sex").charAt(0));   
         user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));   
  
        return user;   
     }   
}   
  
public List findAllByRowMapperResultReader() {   
     String sql = "SELECT * FROM USER";   
    return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper()));   
}  

class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper {     public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index) throws SQLException {         User user = new User();          user.setId(rs.getString("user_id"));         user.setName(rs.getString("name"));         user.setSex(rs.getString("sex").charAt(0));         user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));          return user;     } }  public List findAllByRowMapperResultReader() {     String sql = "SELECT * FROM USER";     return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper())); }


在getUser(id)里面使用UserRowMapper
Java代码
public User getUser(final String id) throws DataAccessException {   
     String sql = "SELECT * FROM USER WHERE user_id=?";   
    final Object[] params = new Object[] { id };   
     List list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, params, new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper()));   
  
    return (User) list.get(0);   
}  

public User getUser(final String id) throws DataAccessException {     String sql = "SELECT * FROM USER WHERE user_id=?";     final Object[] params = new Object[] { id };     List list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, params, new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper()));      return (User) list.get(0); }


网上收集
org.springframework.jdbc.core.PreparedStatementCreator 返回预编译SQL 不能于Object[]一起用
Java代码
public PreparedStatement createPreparedStatement(Connection con) throws SQLException {   
return con.prepareStatement(sql);   
}  

public PreparedStatement createPreparedStatement(Connection con) throws SQLException {   return con.prepareStatement(sql);  }

1.增删改
org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate 类(必须指定数据源dataSource)
Java代码
template.update("insert into web_person values(?,?,?)",Object[]);  

template.update("insert into web_person values(?,?,?)",Object[]);

或
Java代码
template.update("insert into web_person values(?,?,?)",new PreparedStatementSetter(){ 匿名内部类 只能访问外部最终局部变量   
  
public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException {   
   ps.setInt(index++,3);   
});  

template.update("insert into web_person values(?,?,?)",new PreparedStatementSetter(){ 匿名内部类 只能访问外部最终局部变量    public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException {    ps.setInt(index++,3);  });

org.springframework.jdbc.core.PreparedStatementSetter 接口 处理预编译SQL
Java代码
public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException {   
ps.setInt(index++,3);   
}  

public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException {   ps.setInt(index++,3);  }

2.查询JdbcTemplate.query(String,[Object[]/PreparedStatementSetter],RowMapper/RowCallbackHandler)
org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper 记录映射接口 处理结果集
Java代码
public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int arg1) throws SQLException {   int表当前行数   
   person.setId(rs.getInt("id"));   
}   
List template.query("select * from web_person where id=?",Object[],RowMapper);  

public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int arg1) throws SQLException {   int表当前行数    person.setId(rs.getInt("id"));  }  List template.query("select * from web_person where id=?",Object[],RowMapper);

org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowCallbackHandler 记录回调管理器接口 处理结果集
Java代码
template.query("select * from web_person where id=?",Object[],new RowCallbackHandler(){   
public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {   
   person.setId(rs.getInt("id"));   
});