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最新评论
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yzq21056563:
感谢作者分享~请教下,http://www.lisa33xia ...
CSS基础:text-overflow:ellipsis溢出文本 -
u012206458:
$.ajax的error,complete,success方法 -
DEMONU:
谢谢,虽然不能给你赞助,但是要给你顶
mysql中key 、primary key 、unique key 与index区别 -
njupt_tolmes:
阿凡达阿凡达阿凡达阿凡达阿凡达阿凡达阿凡达阿凡达阿凡达阿滕庆亚 ...
CSS基础:text-overflow:ellipsis溢出文本 -
zenmshuo:
用过SpreadJS,也包含数据可视化的图表
推荐几个web中常用js图表插件
zccst:转载+原创
PHP 中 header()函数的作用是给客户端发送头信息。
什么是头信息?
这里只作简单解释,详细的自己看http协议。
在 HTTP协议中,服务器端的回答(response)内容包括两部分:头信息(header) 和 体内容,这里的头信息不是HTML中的<head></head>部分,同样,体内容也不是<BODY>< /BODY>。头信息是用户看不见的,里面包含了很多项,包括:服务器信息、日期、内容的长度等。而体内容就是整个HTML,也就是你所能看见的全部东西。
头信息有什么用呢?
头信息的作用很多,最主要的有下面几个:
1、跳转:当浏览器接受到头信息中的 Location: xxxx 后,就会自动跳转到 xxxx 指向的URL地址,这点有点类似用 js 写跳转。但是这个跳转只有浏览器知道,不管体内容里有没有东西,用户都看不到。
2、指定网页的内容:同样一个XML文件,如果头信息中指定:Content-type: application/xml 的话,浏览器会将其按照XML文件格式解析。但是,如果头信息中是:Content-type: text/xml 的话,浏览器就会将其看作存文本解析。(浏览器不是按照扩展名解析文件的)
3、附件: 不知道大家有没有注意,有些时候在一些网站下载东西,点下载连接以后,结果浏览器将这个附件当成网页打开 了,里面显示的都是乱码,这个问题也和头信息有关。有时候浏览器根据Content-type 来判断是打开还是保存,这样有时就会判断错误(主要是网站设计者忘记写Content-type)。其实,还有一个可以来指定该内容为附件、需要保存,这 个就是:
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="xxxxx"
在PHP中如何写?
1、跳转:
header("Location: http://www.example.com/");
批注:在PHP中用header("location:test.php")进行跳转要注意以下几点,有助于解决一些新手经常遇到的问题
1、location和“:”号间不能有空格,否则会出错。
2、在用header前不能有任何的输出。
3、header后的PHP代码还会被执行。
注:在yii框架中,可以使用header('location:?r=diy/index');
2、指定内容:
header('Content-type: application/pdf');
3、附件:
// 指定内容为附件
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="downloaded.pdf"');
// 打开文件,并输出
readfile('original.pdf');
最后,要提醒大家注意一点,所有头信息都必须在体内容之前,如果一旦有任何输出了的话,header函数写的 头信息就没用了。比如,在文件最开头的<?php 处,如果前面有空格或者有空行,那header函数就没用了(其实可以通过设置:output_buffer来解决,anyway),为什么这样,可以看看HTTP协议,很简单。
定义和用法
header() 函数向客户端发送原始的 HTTP 报头。
认识到一点很重要,即必须在任何实际的输出被发送之前调用 header() 函数(在 PHP 4 以及更高的版本中,您可以使用输出缓存来解决此问题):
<html>
<?php
// 结果出错
// 在调用 header() 之前已存在输出
header('Location: http://www.example.com/');
?>
只能这样:
<?
header("location:../test.php");
?>
<html><head></head><body>...</body></html>
即header函数之前不能向客户发送任何数据。
语法
header(string,replace,http_response_code)
string 必需。规定要发送的报头字符串。
replace 可选。指示该报头是否替换之前的报头,或添加第二个报头。默认是 true(替换)。false(允许相同类型的多个报头)。
http_response_code 可选。把 HTTP 响应代码强制为指定的值。(PHP 4 以及更高版本可用)
注释:从 PHP 4.4 之后,该函数防止一次发送多个报头。这是对头部注入攻击的保护措施。
例子 1
<?php
// Date in the past
header("Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT");
header("Cache-Control: no-cache");
header("Pragma: no-cache");
?>
<html>
<body>
...
...
注释:用户可能会设置一些选项来更改浏览器的默认缓存设置。通过发送上面的报头,您可以覆盖任何这些设置,强制浏览器不进行缓存!
例子 2
提示用户保存一个生成的 PDF 文件(Content-Disposition 报头用于提供一个推荐的文件名,并强制浏览器显示保存对话框):
<?php
header("Content-type:application/pdf");
header("Content-Disposition:attachment;filename='downloaded.pdf'");// 文件将被称为 downloaded.pdf
readfile("original.pdf");// PDF 源在 original.pdf 中
?>
<html>
<body>
<?php
header('Content-type: application/image/pjpeg');//输出的类型
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="downloaded.jpg"'); //下载显示的名字,注意格式
readfile('my.jpg');
// 并将这个文件以前面header发送信息设定的类型输出,从而会弹出一个下载框
// 就是把服务器上的my.jpg下载下来,下载显示和保存的名字默认是downloaded.jpg
?>
附带文档类型及服务器响应类别
一共两个版本.
文档类型 和 服务器响应HTTP的类型
上面的这个可以在上传文件的类型中对应上.下面的差了点.(原文下面的是用来写在文件头上的.来确定该文件是什么类型.)
'chm'=>'application/octet-stream',
'ppt'=>'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
'xls'=>'application/vnd.ms-excel',
'doc'=>'application/msword',
'exe'=>'application/octet-stream',
'rar'=>'application/octet-stream',
'js'=>"javascrīpt/js",
'css'=>"text/css",
'hqx'=>"application/mac-binhex40",
'bin'=>"application/octet-stream",
'oda'=>"application/oda",
'pdf'=>"application/pdf",
'ai'=>"application/postsrcipt",
'eps'=>"application/postsrcipt",
'es'=>"application/postsrcipt",
'rtf'=>"application/rtf",
'mif'=>"application/x-mif",
'csh'=>"application/x-csh",
'dvi'=>"application/x-dvi",
'hdf'=>"application/x-hdf",
'nc'=>"application/x-netcdf",
'cdf'=>"application/x-netcdf",
'latex'=>"application/x-latex",
'ts'=>"application/x-troll-ts",
'src'=>"application/x-wais-source",
'zip'=>"application/zip",
'bcpio'=>"application/x-bcpio",
'cpio'=>"application/x-cpio",
'gtar'=>"application/x-gtar",
'shar'=>"application/x-shar",
'sv4cpio'=>"application/x-sv4cpio",
'sv4crc'=>"application/x-sv4crc",
'tar'=>"application/x-tar",
'ustar'=>"application/x-ustar",
'man'=>"application/x-troff-man",
'sh'=>"application/x-sh",
'tcl'=>"application/x-tcl",
'tex'=>"application/x-tex",
'texi'=>"application/x-texinfo",
'texinfo'=>"application/x-texinfo",
't'=>"application/x-troff",
'tr'=>"application/x-troff",
'roff'=>"application/x-troff",
'shar'=>"application/x-shar",
'me'=>"application/x-troll-me",
'ts'=>"application/x-troll-ts",
'gif'=>"image/gif",
'jpeg'=>"image/pjpeg",
'jpg'=>"image/pjpeg",
'jpe'=>"image/pjpeg",
'ras'=>"image/x-cmu-raster",
'pbm'=>"image/x-portable-bitmap",
'ppm'=>"image/x-portable-pixmap",
'xbm'=>"image/x-xbitmap",
'xwd'=>"image/x-xwindowdump",
'ief'=>"image/ief",
'tif'=>"image/tiff",
'tiff'=>"image/tiff",
'pnm'=>"image/x-portable-anymap",
'pgm'=>"image/x-portable-graymap",
'rgb'=>"image/x-rgb",
'xpm'=>"image/x-xpixmap",
'txt'=>"text/plain",
'c'=>"text/plain",
'cc'=>"text/plain",
'h'=>"text/plain",
'html'=>"text/html",
'htm'=>"text/html",
'htl'=>"text/html",
'rtx'=>"text/richtext",
'etx'=>"text/x-setext",
'tsv'=>"text/tab-separated-values",
'mpeg'=>"video/mpeg",
'mpg'=>"video/mpeg",
'mpe'=>"video/mpeg",
'avi'=>"video/x-msvideo",
'qt'=>"video/quicktime",
'mov'=>"video/quicktime",
'moov'=>"video/quicktime",
'movie'=>"video/x-sgi-movie",
'au'=>"audio/basic",
'snd'=>"audio/basic",
'wav'=>"audio/x-wav",
'aif'=>"audio/x-aiff",
'aiff'=>"audio/x-aiff",
'aifc'=>"audio/x-aiff",
'swf'=>"application/x-shockwave-flash"
'myz'=>"application/myz"
".*"="application/octet-stream"
".001"="application/x-001"
".301"="application/x-301"
".323"="text/h323"
".906"="application/x-906"
".907"="drawing/907"
".a11"="application/x-a11"
".acp"="audio/x-mei-aac"
".ai"="application/postscript"
".aif"="audio/aiff"
".aifc"="audio/aiff"
".aiff"="audio/aiff"
".anv"="application/x-anv"
".asa"="text/asa"
".asf"="video/x-ms-asf"
".asp"="text/asp"
".asx"="video/x-ms-asf"
".au"="audio/basic"
".avi"="video/avi"
".awf"="application/vnd.adobe.workflow"
".biz"="text/xml"
".bmp"="application/x-bmp"
".bot"="application/x-bot"
".c4t"="application/x-c4t"
".c90"="application/x-c90"
".cal"="application/x-cals"
".cat"="application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat"
".cdf"="application/x-netcdf"
".cdr"="application/x-cdr"
".cel"="application/x-cel"
".cer"="application/x-x509-ca-cert"
".cg4"="application/x-g4"
".cgm"="application/x-cgm"
".cit"="application/x-cit"
".class"="java/*"
".cml"="text/xml"
".cmp"="application/x-cmp"
".cmx"="application/x-cmx"
".cot"="application/x-cot"
".crl"="application/pkix-crl"
".crt"="application/x-x509-ca-cert"
".csi"="application/x-csi"
".css"="text/css"
".cut"="application/x-cut"
".dbf"="application/x-dbf"
".dbm"="application/x-dbm"
".dbx"="application/x-dbx"
".dcd"="text/xml"
".dcx"="application/x-dcx"
".der"="application/x-x509-ca-cert"
".dgn"="application/x-dgn"
".dib"="application/x-dib"
".dll"="application/x-msdownload"
".doc"="application/msword"
".dot"="application/msword"
".drw"="application/x-drw"
".dtd"="text/xml"
".dwf"="Model/vnd.dwf"
".dwf"="application/x-dwf"
".dwg"="application/x-dwg"
".dxb"="application/x-dxb"
".dxf"="application/x-dxf"
".edn"="application/vnd.adobe.edn"
".emf"="application/x-emf"
".eml"="message/rfc822"
".ent"="text/xml"
".epi"="application/x-epi"
".eps"="application/x-ps"
".eps"="application/postscript"
".etd"="application/x-ebx"
".exe"="application/x-msdownload"
".fax"="image/fax"
".fdf"="application/vnd.fdf"
".fif"="application/fractals"
".fo"="text/xml"
".frm"="application/x-frm"
".g4"="application/x-g4"
".gbr"="application/x-gbr"
".gcd"="application/x-gcd"
".gif"="image/gif"
".gl2"="application/x-gl2"
".gp4"="application/x-gp4"
".hgl"="application/x-hgl"
".hmr"="application/x-hmr"
".hpg"="application/x-hpgl"
".hpl"="application/x-hpl"
".hqx"="application/mac-binhex40"
".hrf"="application/x-hrf"
".hta"="application/hta"
".htc"="text/x-component"
".htm"="text/html"
".html"="text/html"
".htt"="text/webviewhtml"
".htx"="text/html"
".icb"="application/x-icb"
".ico"="image/x-icon"
".ico"="application/x-ico"
".iff"="application/x-iff"
".ig4"="application/x-g4"
".igs"="application/x-igs"
".iii"="application/x-iphone"
".img"="application/x-img"
".ins"="application/x-internet-signup"
".isp"="application/x-internet-signup"
".IVF"="video/x-ivf"
".java"="java/*"
".jfif"="image/jpeg"
".jpe"="image/jpeg"
".jpe"="application/x-jpe"
".jpeg"="image/jpeg"
".jpg"="image/jpeg"
".jpg"="application/x-jpg"
".js"="application/x-javascript"
".jsp"="text/html"
".la1"="audio/x-liquid-file"
".lar"="application/x-laplayer-reg"
".latex"="application/x-latex"
".lavs"="audio/x-liquid-secure"
".lbm"="application/x-lbm"
".lmsff"="audio/x-la-lms"
".ls"="application/x-javascript"
".ltr"="application/x-ltr"
".m1v"="video/x-mpeg"
".m2v"="video/x-mpeg"
".m3u"="audio/mpegurl"
".m4e"="video/mpeg4"
".mac"="application/x-mac"
".man"="application/x-troff-man"
".math"="text/xml"
".mdb"="application/msaccess"
".mdb"="application/x-mdb"
".mfp"="application/x-shockwave-flash"
".mht"="message/rfc822"
".mhtml"="message/rfc822"
".mi"="application/x-mi"
".mid"="audio/mid"
".midi"="audio/mid"
".mil"="application/x-mil"
".mml"="text/xml"
".mnd"="audio/x-musicnet-download"
".mns"="audio/x-musicnet-stream"
".mocha"="application/x-javascript"
".movie"="video/x-sgi-movie"
".mp1"="audio/mp1"
".mp2"="audio/mp2"
".mp2v"="video/mpeg"
".mp3"="audio/mp3"
".mp4"="video/mpeg4"
".mpa"="video/x-mpg"
".mpd"="application/vnd.ms-project"
".mpe"="video/x-mpeg"
".mpeg"="video/mpg"
".mpg"="video/mpg"
".mpga"="audio/rn-mpeg"
".mpp"="application/vnd.ms-project"
".mps"="video/x-mpeg"
".mpt"="application/vnd.ms-project"
".mpv"="video/mpg"
".mpv2"="video/mpeg"
".mpw"="application/vnd.ms-project"
".mpx"="application/vnd.ms-project"
".mtx"="text/xml"
".mxp"="application/x-mmxp"
".net"="image/pnetvue"
".nrf"="application/x-nrf"
".nws"="message/rfc822"
".odc"="text/x-ms-odc"
".out"="application/x-out"
".p10"="application/pkcs10"
".p12"="application/x-pkcs12"
".p7b"="application/x-pkcs7-certificates"
".p7c"="application/pkcs7-mime"
".p7m"="application/pkcs7-mime"
".p7r"="application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp"
".p7s"="application/pkcs7-signature"
".pc5"="application/x-pc5"
".pci"="application/x-pci"
".pcl"="application/x-pcl"
".pcx"="application/x-pcx"
".pdf"="application/pdf"
".pdf"="application/pdf"
".pdx"="application/vnd.adobe.pdx"
".pfx"="application/x-pkcs12"
".pgl"="application/x-pgl"
".pic"="application/x-pic"
".pko"="application/vnd.ms-pki.pko"
".pl"="application/x-perl"
".plg"="text/html"
".pls"="audio/scpls"
".plt"="application/x-plt"
".png"="image/png"
".png"="application/x-png"
".pot"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
".ppa"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
".ppm"="application/x-ppm"
".pps"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
".ppt"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
".ppt"="application/x-ppt"
".pr"="application/x-pr"
".prf"="application/pics-rules"
".prn"="application/x-prn"
".prt"="application/x-prt"
".ps"="application/x-ps"
".ps"="application/postscript"
".ptn"="application/x-ptn"
".pwz"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
".r3t"="text/vnd.rn-realtext3d"
".ra"="audio/vnd.rn-realaudio"
".ram"="audio/x-pn-realaudio"
".ras"="application/x-ras"
".rat"="application/rat-file"
".rdf"="text/xml"
".rec"="application/vnd.rn-recording"
".red"="application/x-red"
".rgb"="application/x-rgb"
".rjs"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjs"
".rjt"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjt"
".rlc"="application/x-rlc"
".rle"="application/x-rle"
".rm"="application/vnd.rn-realmedia"
".rmf"="application/vnd.adobe.rmf"
".rmi"="audio/mid"
".rmj"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmj"
".rmm"="audio/x-pn-realaudio"
".rmp"="application/vnd.rn-rn_music_package"
".rms"="application/vnd.rn-realmedia-secure"
".rmvb"="application/vnd.rn-realmedia-vbr"
".rmx"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmx"
".rnx"="application/vnd.rn-realplayer"
".rp"="image/vnd.rn-realpix"
".rpm"="audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin"
".rsml"="application/vnd.rn-rsml"
".rt"="text/vnd.rn-realtext"
".rtf"="application/msword"
".rtf"="application/x-rtf"
".rv"="video/vnd.rn-realvideo"
".sam"="application/x-sam"
".sat"="application/x-sat"
".sdp"="application/sdp"
".sdw"="application/x-sdw"
".sit"="application/x-stuffit"
".slb"="application/x-slb"
".sld"="application/x-sld"
".slk"="drawing/x-slk"
".smi"="application/smil"
".smil"="application/smil"
".smk"="application/x-smk"
".snd"="audio/basic"
".sol"="text/plain"
".sor"="text/plain"
".spc"="application/x-pkcs7-certificates"
".spl"="application/futuresplash"
".spp"="text/xml"
".ssm"="application/streamingmedia"
".sst"="application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore"
".stl"="application/vnd.ms-pki.stl"
".stm"="text/html"
".sty"="application/x-sty"
".svg"="text/xml"
".swf"="application/x-shockwave-flash"
".tdf"="application/x-tdf"
".tg4"="application/x-tg4"
".tga"="application/x-tga"
".tif"="image/tiff"
".tif"="application/x-tif"
".tiff"="image/tiff"
".tld"="text/xml"
".top"="drawing/x-top"
".torrent"="application/x-bittorrent"
".tsd"="text/xml"
".txt"="text/plain"
".uin"="application/x-icq"
".uls"="text/iuls"
".vcf"="text/x-vcard"
".vda"="application/x-vda"
".vdx"="application/vnd.visio"
".vml"="text/xml"
".vpg"="application/x-vpeg005"
".vsd"="application/vnd.visio"
".vsd"="application/x-vsd"
".vss"="application/vnd.visio"
".vst"="application/vnd.visio"
".vst"="application/x-vst"
".vsw"="application/vnd.visio"
".vsx"="application/vnd.visio"
".vtx"="application/vnd.visio"
".vxml"="text/xml"
".wav"="audio/wav"
".wax"="audio/x-ms-wax"
".wb1"="application/x-wb1"
".wb2"="application/x-wb2"
".wb3"="application/x-wb3"
".wbmp"="image/vnd.wap.wbmp"
".wiz"="application/msword"
".wk3"="application/x-wk3"
".wk4"="application/x-wk4"
".wkq"="application/x-wkq"
".wks"="application/x-wks"
".wm"="video/x-ms-wm"
".wma"="audio/x-ms-wma"
".wmd"="application/x-ms-wmd"
".wmf"="application/x-wmf"
".wml"="text/vnd.wap.wml"
".wmv"="video/x-ms-wmv"
".wmx"="video/x-ms-wmx"
".wmz"="application/x-ms-wmz"
".wp6"="application/x-wp6"
".wpd"="application/x-wpd"
".wpg"="application/x-wpg"
".wpl"="application/vnd.ms-wpl"
".wq1"="application/x-wq1"
".wr1"="application/x-wr1"
".wri"="application/x-wri"
".wrk"="application/x-wrk"
".ws"="application/x-ws"
".ws2"="application/x-ws"
".wsc"="text/scriptlet"
".wsdl"="text/xml"
".wvx"="video/x-ms-wvx"
".xdp"="application/vnd.adobe.xdp"
".xdr"="text/xml"
".xfd"="application/vnd.adobe.xfd"
".xfdf"="application/vnd.adobe.xfdf"
".xhtml"="text/html"
".xls"="application/vnd.ms-excel"
".xls"="application/x-xls"
".xlw"="application/x-xlw"
".xml"="text/xml"
".xpl"="audio/scpls"
".xq"="text/xml"
".xql"="text/xml"
".xquery"="text/xml"
".xsd"="text/xml"
".xsl"="text/xml"
".xslt"="text/xml"
".xwd"="application/x-xwd"
".x_b"="application/x-x_b"
".x_t"="application/x-x_t"
".myz"="application/myz"
PHP 中 header()函数的作用是给客户端发送头信息。
什么是头信息?
这里只作简单解释,详细的自己看http协议。
在 HTTP协议中,服务器端的回答(response)内容包括两部分:头信息(header) 和 体内容,这里的头信息不是HTML中的<head></head>部分,同样,体内容也不是<BODY>< /BODY>。头信息是用户看不见的,里面包含了很多项,包括:服务器信息、日期、内容的长度等。而体内容就是整个HTML,也就是你所能看见的全部东西。
头信息有什么用呢?
头信息的作用很多,最主要的有下面几个:
1、跳转:当浏览器接受到头信息中的 Location: xxxx 后,就会自动跳转到 xxxx 指向的URL地址,这点有点类似用 js 写跳转。但是这个跳转只有浏览器知道,不管体内容里有没有东西,用户都看不到。
2、指定网页的内容:同样一个XML文件,如果头信息中指定:Content-type: application/xml 的话,浏览器会将其按照XML文件格式解析。但是,如果头信息中是:Content-type: text/xml 的话,浏览器就会将其看作存文本解析。(浏览器不是按照扩展名解析文件的)
3、附件: 不知道大家有没有注意,有些时候在一些网站下载东西,点下载连接以后,结果浏览器将这个附件当成网页打开 了,里面显示的都是乱码,这个问题也和头信息有关。有时候浏览器根据Content-type 来判断是打开还是保存,这样有时就会判断错误(主要是网站设计者忘记写Content-type)。其实,还有一个可以来指定该内容为附件、需要保存,这 个就是:
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="xxxxx"
在PHP中如何写?
1、跳转:
header("Location: http://www.example.com/");
批注:在PHP中用header("location:test.php")进行跳转要注意以下几点,有助于解决一些新手经常遇到的问题
1、location和“:”号间不能有空格,否则会出错。
2、在用header前不能有任何的输出。
3、header后的PHP代码还会被执行。
注:在yii框架中,可以使用header('location:?r=diy/index');
2、指定内容:
header('Content-type: application/pdf');
3、附件:
// 指定内容为附件
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="downloaded.pdf"');
// 打开文件,并输出
readfile('original.pdf');
最后,要提醒大家注意一点,所有头信息都必须在体内容之前,如果一旦有任何输出了的话,header函数写的 头信息就没用了。比如,在文件最开头的<?php 处,如果前面有空格或者有空行,那header函数就没用了(其实可以通过设置:output_buffer来解决,anyway),为什么这样,可以看看HTTP协议,很简单。
定义和用法
header() 函数向客户端发送原始的 HTTP 报头。
认识到一点很重要,即必须在任何实际的输出被发送之前调用 header() 函数(在 PHP 4 以及更高的版本中,您可以使用输出缓存来解决此问题):
<html>
<?php
// 结果出错
// 在调用 header() 之前已存在输出
header('Location: http://www.example.com/');
?>
只能这样:
<?
header("location:../test.php");
?>
<html><head></head><body>...</body></html>
即header函数之前不能向客户发送任何数据。
语法
header(string,replace,http_response_code)
string 必需。规定要发送的报头字符串。
replace 可选。指示该报头是否替换之前的报头,或添加第二个报头。默认是 true(替换)。false(允许相同类型的多个报头)。
http_response_code 可选。把 HTTP 响应代码强制为指定的值。(PHP 4 以及更高版本可用)
注释:从 PHP 4.4 之后,该函数防止一次发送多个报头。这是对头部注入攻击的保护措施。
例子 1
<?php
// Date in the past
header("Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT");
header("Cache-Control: no-cache");
header("Pragma: no-cache");
?>
<html>
<body>
...
...
注释:用户可能会设置一些选项来更改浏览器的默认缓存设置。通过发送上面的报头,您可以覆盖任何这些设置,强制浏览器不进行缓存!
例子 2
提示用户保存一个生成的 PDF 文件(Content-Disposition 报头用于提供一个推荐的文件名,并强制浏览器显示保存对话框):
<?php
header("Content-type:application/pdf");
header("Content-Disposition:attachment;filename='downloaded.pdf'");// 文件将被称为 downloaded.pdf
readfile("original.pdf");// PDF 源在 original.pdf 中
?>
<html>
<body>
<?php
header('Content-type: application/image/pjpeg');//输出的类型
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="downloaded.jpg"'); //下载显示的名字,注意格式
readfile('my.jpg');
// 并将这个文件以前面header发送信息设定的类型输出,从而会弹出一个下载框
// 就是把服务器上的my.jpg下载下来,下载显示和保存的名字默认是downloaded.jpg
?>
附带文档类型及服务器响应类别
一共两个版本.
文档类型 和 服务器响应HTTP的类型
上面的这个可以在上传文件的类型中对应上.下面的差了点.(原文下面的是用来写在文件头上的.来确定该文件是什么类型.)
'chm'=>'application/octet-stream',
'ppt'=>'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
'xls'=>'application/vnd.ms-excel',
'doc'=>'application/msword',
'exe'=>'application/octet-stream',
'rar'=>'application/octet-stream',
'js'=>"javascrīpt/js",
'css'=>"text/css",
'hqx'=>"application/mac-binhex40",
'bin'=>"application/octet-stream",
'oda'=>"application/oda",
'pdf'=>"application/pdf",
'ai'=>"application/postsrcipt",
'eps'=>"application/postsrcipt",
'es'=>"application/postsrcipt",
'rtf'=>"application/rtf",
'mif'=>"application/x-mif",
'csh'=>"application/x-csh",
'dvi'=>"application/x-dvi",
'hdf'=>"application/x-hdf",
'nc'=>"application/x-netcdf",
'cdf'=>"application/x-netcdf",
'latex'=>"application/x-latex",
'ts'=>"application/x-troll-ts",
'src'=>"application/x-wais-source",
'zip'=>"application/zip",
'bcpio'=>"application/x-bcpio",
'cpio'=>"application/x-cpio",
'gtar'=>"application/x-gtar",
'shar'=>"application/x-shar",
'sv4cpio'=>"application/x-sv4cpio",
'sv4crc'=>"application/x-sv4crc",
'tar'=>"application/x-tar",
'ustar'=>"application/x-ustar",
'man'=>"application/x-troff-man",
'sh'=>"application/x-sh",
'tcl'=>"application/x-tcl",
'tex'=>"application/x-tex",
'texi'=>"application/x-texinfo",
'texinfo'=>"application/x-texinfo",
't'=>"application/x-troff",
'tr'=>"application/x-troff",
'roff'=>"application/x-troff",
'shar'=>"application/x-shar",
'me'=>"application/x-troll-me",
'ts'=>"application/x-troll-ts",
'gif'=>"image/gif",
'jpeg'=>"image/pjpeg",
'jpg'=>"image/pjpeg",
'jpe'=>"image/pjpeg",
'ras'=>"image/x-cmu-raster",
'pbm'=>"image/x-portable-bitmap",
'ppm'=>"image/x-portable-pixmap",
'xbm'=>"image/x-xbitmap",
'xwd'=>"image/x-xwindowdump",
'ief'=>"image/ief",
'tif'=>"image/tiff",
'tiff'=>"image/tiff",
'pnm'=>"image/x-portable-anymap",
'pgm'=>"image/x-portable-graymap",
'rgb'=>"image/x-rgb",
'xpm'=>"image/x-xpixmap",
'txt'=>"text/plain",
'c'=>"text/plain",
'cc'=>"text/plain",
'h'=>"text/plain",
'html'=>"text/html",
'htm'=>"text/html",
'htl'=>"text/html",
'rtx'=>"text/richtext",
'etx'=>"text/x-setext",
'tsv'=>"text/tab-separated-values",
'mpeg'=>"video/mpeg",
'mpg'=>"video/mpeg",
'mpe'=>"video/mpeg",
'avi'=>"video/x-msvideo",
'qt'=>"video/quicktime",
'mov'=>"video/quicktime",
'moov'=>"video/quicktime",
'movie'=>"video/x-sgi-movie",
'au'=>"audio/basic",
'snd'=>"audio/basic",
'wav'=>"audio/x-wav",
'aif'=>"audio/x-aiff",
'aiff'=>"audio/x-aiff",
'aifc'=>"audio/x-aiff",
'swf'=>"application/x-shockwave-flash"
'myz'=>"application/myz"
".*"="application/octet-stream"
".001"="application/x-001"
".301"="application/x-301"
".323"="text/h323"
".906"="application/x-906"
".907"="drawing/907"
".a11"="application/x-a11"
".acp"="audio/x-mei-aac"
".ai"="application/postscript"
".aif"="audio/aiff"
".aifc"="audio/aiff"
".aiff"="audio/aiff"
".anv"="application/x-anv"
".asa"="text/asa"
".asf"="video/x-ms-asf"
".asp"="text/asp"
".asx"="video/x-ms-asf"
".au"="audio/basic"
".avi"="video/avi"
".awf"="application/vnd.adobe.workflow"
".biz"="text/xml"
".bmp"="application/x-bmp"
".bot"="application/x-bot"
".c4t"="application/x-c4t"
".c90"="application/x-c90"
".cal"="application/x-cals"
".cat"="application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat"
".cdf"="application/x-netcdf"
".cdr"="application/x-cdr"
".cel"="application/x-cel"
".cer"="application/x-x509-ca-cert"
".cg4"="application/x-g4"
".cgm"="application/x-cgm"
".cit"="application/x-cit"
".class"="java/*"
".cml"="text/xml"
".cmp"="application/x-cmp"
".cmx"="application/x-cmx"
".cot"="application/x-cot"
".crl"="application/pkix-crl"
".crt"="application/x-x509-ca-cert"
".csi"="application/x-csi"
".css"="text/css"
".cut"="application/x-cut"
".dbf"="application/x-dbf"
".dbm"="application/x-dbm"
".dbx"="application/x-dbx"
".dcd"="text/xml"
".dcx"="application/x-dcx"
".der"="application/x-x509-ca-cert"
".dgn"="application/x-dgn"
".dib"="application/x-dib"
".dll"="application/x-msdownload"
".doc"="application/msword"
".dot"="application/msword"
".drw"="application/x-drw"
".dtd"="text/xml"
".dwf"="Model/vnd.dwf"
".dwf"="application/x-dwf"
".dwg"="application/x-dwg"
".dxb"="application/x-dxb"
".dxf"="application/x-dxf"
".edn"="application/vnd.adobe.edn"
".emf"="application/x-emf"
".eml"="message/rfc822"
".ent"="text/xml"
".epi"="application/x-epi"
".eps"="application/x-ps"
".eps"="application/postscript"
".etd"="application/x-ebx"
".exe"="application/x-msdownload"
".fax"="image/fax"
".fdf"="application/vnd.fdf"
".fif"="application/fractals"
".fo"="text/xml"
".frm"="application/x-frm"
".g4"="application/x-g4"
".gbr"="application/x-gbr"
".gcd"="application/x-gcd"
".gif"="image/gif"
".gl2"="application/x-gl2"
".gp4"="application/x-gp4"
".hgl"="application/x-hgl"
".hmr"="application/x-hmr"
".hpg"="application/x-hpgl"
".hpl"="application/x-hpl"
".hqx"="application/mac-binhex40"
".hrf"="application/x-hrf"
".hta"="application/hta"
".htc"="text/x-component"
".htm"="text/html"
".html"="text/html"
".htt"="text/webviewhtml"
".htx"="text/html"
".icb"="application/x-icb"
".ico"="image/x-icon"
".ico"="application/x-ico"
".iff"="application/x-iff"
".ig4"="application/x-g4"
".igs"="application/x-igs"
".iii"="application/x-iphone"
".img"="application/x-img"
".ins"="application/x-internet-signup"
".isp"="application/x-internet-signup"
".IVF"="video/x-ivf"
".java"="java/*"
".jfif"="image/jpeg"
".jpe"="image/jpeg"
".jpe"="application/x-jpe"
".jpeg"="image/jpeg"
".jpg"="image/jpeg"
".jpg"="application/x-jpg"
".js"="application/x-javascript"
".jsp"="text/html"
".la1"="audio/x-liquid-file"
".lar"="application/x-laplayer-reg"
".latex"="application/x-latex"
".lavs"="audio/x-liquid-secure"
".lbm"="application/x-lbm"
".lmsff"="audio/x-la-lms"
".ls"="application/x-javascript"
".ltr"="application/x-ltr"
".m1v"="video/x-mpeg"
".m2v"="video/x-mpeg"
".m3u"="audio/mpegurl"
".m4e"="video/mpeg4"
".mac"="application/x-mac"
".man"="application/x-troff-man"
".math"="text/xml"
".mdb"="application/msaccess"
".mdb"="application/x-mdb"
".mfp"="application/x-shockwave-flash"
".mht"="message/rfc822"
".mhtml"="message/rfc822"
".mi"="application/x-mi"
".mid"="audio/mid"
".midi"="audio/mid"
".mil"="application/x-mil"
".mml"="text/xml"
".mnd"="audio/x-musicnet-download"
".mns"="audio/x-musicnet-stream"
".mocha"="application/x-javascript"
".movie"="video/x-sgi-movie"
".mp1"="audio/mp1"
".mp2"="audio/mp2"
".mp2v"="video/mpeg"
".mp3"="audio/mp3"
".mp4"="video/mpeg4"
".mpa"="video/x-mpg"
".mpd"="application/vnd.ms-project"
".mpe"="video/x-mpeg"
".mpeg"="video/mpg"
".mpg"="video/mpg"
".mpga"="audio/rn-mpeg"
".mpp"="application/vnd.ms-project"
".mps"="video/x-mpeg"
".mpt"="application/vnd.ms-project"
".mpv"="video/mpg"
".mpv2"="video/mpeg"
".mpw"="application/vnd.ms-project"
".mpx"="application/vnd.ms-project"
".mtx"="text/xml"
".mxp"="application/x-mmxp"
".net"="image/pnetvue"
".nrf"="application/x-nrf"
".nws"="message/rfc822"
".odc"="text/x-ms-odc"
".out"="application/x-out"
".p10"="application/pkcs10"
".p12"="application/x-pkcs12"
".p7b"="application/x-pkcs7-certificates"
".p7c"="application/pkcs7-mime"
".p7m"="application/pkcs7-mime"
".p7r"="application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp"
".p7s"="application/pkcs7-signature"
".pc5"="application/x-pc5"
".pci"="application/x-pci"
".pcl"="application/x-pcl"
".pcx"="application/x-pcx"
".pdf"="application/pdf"
".pdf"="application/pdf"
".pdx"="application/vnd.adobe.pdx"
".pfx"="application/x-pkcs12"
".pgl"="application/x-pgl"
".pic"="application/x-pic"
".pko"="application/vnd.ms-pki.pko"
".pl"="application/x-perl"
".plg"="text/html"
".pls"="audio/scpls"
".plt"="application/x-plt"
".png"="image/png"
".png"="application/x-png"
".pot"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
".ppa"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
".ppm"="application/x-ppm"
".pps"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
".ppt"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
".ppt"="application/x-ppt"
".pr"="application/x-pr"
".prf"="application/pics-rules"
".prn"="application/x-prn"
".prt"="application/x-prt"
".ps"="application/x-ps"
".ps"="application/postscript"
".ptn"="application/x-ptn"
".pwz"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
".r3t"="text/vnd.rn-realtext3d"
".ra"="audio/vnd.rn-realaudio"
".ram"="audio/x-pn-realaudio"
".ras"="application/x-ras"
".rat"="application/rat-file"
".rdf"="text/xml"
".rec"="application/vnd.rn-recording"
".red"="application/x-red"
".rgb"="application/x-rgb"
".rjs"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjs"
".rjt"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjt"
".rlc"="application/x-rlc"
".rle"="application/x-rle"
".rm"="application/vnd.rn-realmedia"
".rmf"="application/vnd.adobe.rmf"
".rmi"="audio/mid"
".rmj"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmj"
".rmm"="audio/x-pn-realaudio"
".rmp"="application/vnd.rn-rn_music_package"
".rms"="application/vnd.rn-realmedia-secure"
".rmvb"="application/vnd.rn-realmedia-vbr"
".rmx"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmx"
".rnx"="application/vnd.rn-realplayer"
".rp"="image/vnd.rn-realpix"
".rpm"="audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin"
".rsml"="application/vnd.rn-rsml"
".rt"="text/vnd.rn-realtext"
".rtf"="application/msword"
".rtf"="application/x-rtf"
".rv"="video/vnd.rn-realvideo"
".sam"="application/x-sam"
".sat"="application/x-sat"
".sdp"="application/sdp"
".sdw"="application/x-sdw"
".sit"="application/x-stuffit"
".slb"="application/x-slb"
".sld"="application/x-sld"
".slk"="drawing/x-slk"
".smi"="application/smil"
".smil"="application/smil"
".smk"="application/x-smk"
".snd"="audio/basic"
".sol"="text/plain"
".sor"="text/plain"
".spc"="application/x-pkcs7-certificates"
".spl"="application/futuresplash"
".spp"="text/xml"
".ssm"="application/streamingmedia"
".sst"="application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore"
".stl"="application/vnd.ms-pki.stl"
".stm"="text/html"
".sty"="application/x-sty"
".svg"="text/xml"
".swf"="application/x-shockwave-flash"
".tdf"="application/x-tdf"
".tg4"="application/x-tg4"
".tga"="application/x-tga"
".tif"="image/tiff"
".tif"="application/x-tif"
".tiff"="image/tiff"
".tld"="text/xml"
".top"="drawing/x-top"
".torrent"="application/x-bittorrent"
".tsd"="text/xml"
".txt"="text/plain"
".uin"="application/x-icq"
".uls"="text/iuls"
".vcf"="text/x-vcard"
".vda"="application/x-vda"
".vdx"="application/vnd.visio"
".vml"="text/xml"
".vpg"="application/x-vpeg005"
".vsd"="application/vnd.visio"
".vsd"="application/x-vsd"
".vss"="application/vnd.visio"
".vst"="application/vnd.visio"
".vst"="application/x-vst"
".vsw"="application/vnd.visio"
".vsx"="application/vnd.visio"
".vtx"="application/vnd.visio"
".vxml"="text/xml"
".wav"="audio/wav"
".wax"="audio/x-ms-wax"
".wb1"="application/x-wb1"
".wb2"="application/x-wb2"
".wb3"="application/x-wb3"
".wbmp"="image/vnd.wap.wbmp"
".wiz"="application/msword"
".wk3"="application/x-wk3"
".wk4"="application/x-wk4"
".wkq"="application/x-wkq"
".wks"="application/x-wks"
".wm"="video/x-ms-wm"
".wma"="audio/x-ms-wma"
".wmd"="application/x-ms-wmd"
".wmf"="application/x-wmf"
".wml"="text/vnd.wap.wml"
".wmv"="video/x-ms-wmv"
".wmx"="video/x-ms-wmx"
".wmz"="application/x-ms-wmz"
".wp6"="application/x-wp6"
".wpd"="application/x-wpd"
".wpg"="application/x-wpg"
".wpl"="application/vnd.ms-wpl"
".wq1"="application/x-wq1"
".wr1"="application/x-wr1"
".wri"="application/x-wri"
".wrk"="application/x-wrk"
".ws"="application/x-ws"
".ws2"="application/x-ws"
".wsc"="text/scriptlet"
".wsdl"="text/xml"
".wvx"="video/x-ms-wvx"
".xdp"="application/vnd.adobe.xdp"
".xdr"="text/xml"
".xfd"="application/vnd.adobe.xfd"
".xfdf"="application/vnd.adobe.xfdf"
".xhtml"="text/html"
".xls"="application/vnd.ms-excel"
".xls"="application/x-xls"
".xlw"="application/x-xlw"
".xml"="text/xml"
".xpl"="audio/scpls"
".xq"="text/xml"
".xql"="text/xml"
".xquery"="text/xml"
".xsd"="text/xml"
".xsl"="text/xml"
".xslt"="text/xml"
".xwd"="application/x-xwd"
".x_b"="application/x-x_b"
".x_t"="application/x-x_t"
".myz"="application/myz"
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