Apache的Mod_rewrite 例子(转) -

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Apache的Mod_rewrite 例子(转)

Apache rewrite

转自dreamwaver的博客([url]http://dreamwaver.bokee.com/5692845.html[/url])

目标	重写设置	说明
规范化URL	RewriteRule ^/~([^/]+)/?(.*) /u/$1/$2 [R]	将/~user重写为/u/user的形式
	RewriteRule ^/([uge])/([^/]+)$ /$1/$2/ [R]	将/u/user末尾漏掉的/补上

规范化HostName	RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^fully\.qualified\.domain\.name [NC]	域名不合格
	RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^$	不空
	RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^80$	不是80端口
	RewriteRule ^/(.*) [url]http://fully.qualified.domain.name:%[/url]{SERVER_PORT}/$1 [L,R]	重写
	RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^fully\.qualified\.domain\.name [NC]
	RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^$
	RewriteRule ^/(.*) [url]http://fully.qualified.domain.name/$1[/url] [L,R]

URL根目录转移	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteRule ^/$ /e/www/ [R]	从/移到/e/www/

末尾目录补斜线	RewriteEngine on
（目录范围内）	RewriteBase /~quux/
	RewriteRule ^foo$ foo/ [R]	/~quux/foo是一个目录，补/

	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteBase /~quux/
	RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -d	如果请文件名是个目录
	RewriteRule ^(.+[^/])$ $1/ [R]	URL末尾不是斜线时补上

Web集群	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteMap user-to-host txt:/path/to/map.user-to-host	用户－服务器映射
	RewriteMap group-to-host txt:/path/to/map.group-to-host	组－服务器映射
	RewriteMap entity-to-host txt:/path/to/map.entity-to-host	实体－服务器映射
	RewriteRule ^/u/([^/]+)/?(.*) [url]http://$[/url]{user-to-host:$1\|server0}/u/$1/$2	用户均衡
	RewriteRule ^/g/([^/]+)/?(.*) [url]http://$[/url]{group-to-host:$1\|server0}/g/$1/$2	组均衡
	RewriteRule ^/e/([^/]+)/?(.*) [url]http://$[/url]{entity-to-host:$1\|server0}/e/$1/$2	实体均衡
	RewriteRule ^/([uge])/([^/]+)/?$ /$1/$2/.www/
	RewriteRule ^/([uge])/([^/]+)/([^.]+.+) /$1/$2/.www/$3\

URL根目录搬迁	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteRule ^/~(.+) [url]http://newserver/~$1[/url] [R,L]	到其它服务器

所用户名首字母分	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteRule ^/~(([a-z])[a-z0-9]+)(.*) /home/$2/$1/.www$3	内一层括号为$2

NCSA imagemap移	RewriteEngine on
植为mod_imap	RewriteRule ^/cgi-bin/imagemap(.*) $1 [PT]

多目录查找资源	RewriteEngine on
	# first try to find it in custom/...
	RewriteCond /your/docroot/dir1/%{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f
	RewriteRule ^(.+) /your/docroot/dir1/$1 [L]
	# second try to find it in pub/...
	RewriteCond /your/docroot/dir2/%{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f
	RewriteRule ^(.+) /your/docroot/dir2/$1 [L]
	# else go on for other Alias or ScriptAlias directives,
	RewriteRule ^(.+) - [PT]

据URL设置环境变量	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteRule ^(.)/S=([^/]+)/(.) $1/$3 [E=STATUS:$2]

虚拟主机	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.[^.]+\.host\.com$	基于用户名
	RewriteRule ^(.+) %{HTTP_HOST}$1 [C]
	RewriteRule ^www\.([^.]+)\.host\.com(.*) /home/$1$2

内外人有别	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteCond %{REMOTE_HOST} !^.+\.ourdomain\.com$	基于远程主机
	RewriteRule ^(/~.+) [url]http://www.somewhere.com/$1[/url] [R,L]

错误重定向	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteCond /your/docroot/%{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f	不是regular文件
	RewriteRule ^(.+) [url]http://webserverB.dom/$1[/url]

程序处理特殊协议	RewriteRule ^xredirect:(.+) /path/to/nph-xredirect.cgi/$1 \	Xredirect协议
	[T=application/x-httpd-cgi,L]

最近镜像下载	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteMap multiplex txt:/path/to/map.cxan	顶级域名与最近ftp服务器映射
	RewriteRule ^/CxAN/(.*) %{REMOTE_HOST}::$1 [C]
	RewriteRule ^.+\.([a-zA-Z]+)::(.*)$ ${multiplex:$1\|ftp.default.dom}$2 [R,L]	据顶级域名不同提供不同的FTP服务器

基于时间重写	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteCond %{TIME_HOUR}%{TIME_MIN} >0700
	RewriteCond %{TIME_HOUR}%{TIME_MIN} <1900
	RewriteRule ^foo\.html$ foo.day.html	白天为早晚7点间
	RewriteRule ^foo\.html$ foo.night.html	其余为夜间

向前兼容扩展名	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteBase /~quux/
	# parse out basename, but remember the fact
	RewriteRule ^(.*)\.html$ $1 [C,E=WasHTML:yes]
	# rewrite to document.phtml if exists
	RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}.phtml -f	如果存在$1.phtml则重写
	RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1.phtml [S=1]
	# else reverse the previous basename cutout
	RewriteCond %{ENV:WasHTML} ^yes$	如果不存在$1.phtml，则保持不变
	RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1.html

文件改名（目录级）	RewriteEngine on	内部重写
	RewriteBase /~quux/
	RewriteRule ^foo\.html$ bar.html

	RewriteEngine on	重定向由客户端再次提交
	RewriteBase /~quux/
	RewriteRule ^foo\.html$ bar.html [R]

据浏览器类型重写	RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mozilla/3.*
	RewriteRule ^foo\.html$ foo.NS.html [L]
	RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Lynx/.* [OR]
	RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mozilla/[12].*
	RewriteRule ^foo\.html$ foo.20.html [L]
	RewriteRule ^foo\.html$ foo.32.html [L]

动态镜像远程资源	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteBase /~quux/
	RewriteRule ^hotsheet/(.*)$ [url]http://www.tstimpreso.com/hotsheet/$1[/url] [P]	利用了代理模块

	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteBase /~quux/
	RewriteRule ^usa-news\.html$ [url]http://www.quux-corp.com/news/index.html[/url] [P]

反向动态镜像	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteCond /mirror/of/remotesite/$1 -U
	RewriteRule ^[url]http://www[/url]\.remotesite\.com/(.*)$ /mirror/of/remotesite/$1

负载均衡	RewriteEngine on	利用代理实现round-robin效果
	RewriteMap lb prg:/path/to/lb.pl
	RewriteRule ^/(.+)$ ${lb:$1} [P,L]

	#!/path/to/perl
	$\| = 1;
	$name = "www"; # the hostname base
	$first = 1; # the first server (not 0 here, because 0 is myself)
	$last = 5; # the last server in the round-robin
	$domain = "foo.dom"; # the domainname
	$cnt = 0;
	while (<STDIN>) {
	$cnt = (($cnt+1) % ($last+1-$first));
	$server = sprintf("%s%d.%s", $name, $cnt+$first, $domain);
	print "http://$server/$_";
	}
	##EOF##

静态页面变脚本	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteBase /~quux/
	RewriteRule ^foo\.html$ foo.cgi [T=application/x-httpd-cgi]

阻击机器人	RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^NameOfBadRobot.*
	RewriteCond %{REMOTE_ADDR} ^123\.45\.67\.[8-9]$
	RewriteRule ^/~quux/foo/arc/.+ - [F]

阻止盗连你的图片	RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$
	RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^[url]http://www.quux-corp.de/~quux/.[/url]*$ [NC]	自己的连接可不能被阻止
	RewriteRule .*\.gif$ - [F]

	RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$
	RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !.*/foo-with-gif\.html$
	RewriteRule ^inlined-in-foo\.gif$ - [F]

拒绝某些主机访问	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteMap hosts-deny txt:/path/to/hosts.deny
	RewriteCond ${hosts-deny:%{REMOTE_HOST}\|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND [OR]
	RewriteCond ${hosts-deny:%{REMOTE_ADDR}\|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND
	RewriteRule ^/.* - [F]

用户授权	RewriteCond %{REMOTE_IDENT}@%{REMOTE_HOST} !^friend1@client1.quux-corp\.com$
	RewriteCond %{REMOTE_IDENT}@%{REMOTE_HOST} !^friend2@client2.quux-corp\.com$
	RewriteCond %{REMOTE_IDENT}@%{REMOTE_HOST} !^friend3@client3.quux-corp\.com$
	RewriteRule ^/~quux/only-for-friends/ - [F]

外部重写程序模板	RewriteEngine on
	RewriteMap quux-map prg:/path/to/map.quux.pl
	RewriteRule ^/~quux/(.*)$ /~quux/${quux-map:$1}

	#!/path/to/perl
	$\| = 1;
	while (<>) {
	s\|^foo/\|bar/\|;
	print $_;
	}

搜索引擎友好	RewriteRule ^/products$ /content.php
	RewriteRule ^/products/([0-9]+)$ /content.php?id=$1
	RewriteRule ^/products/([0-9]+),([ad]),([0-9]{0,3}),([0-9]),([0-9]*$) /marso/content.php?id=$1&sort=$2&order=$3&start=$4