Oracle start with.connect by prior子句实现递归查询

转自：http://www.2cto.com/database/201108/101766.html

 

Oracle中的select语句可以用start with...connect by prior子句实现递归查询，connect by 是结构化查询中用到的，其基本语法是：

select ... from <TableName> where <Conditional-1>
start with <Conditional-2> connect by [prior] <Conditional-3>;

 
<Conditional-1>：过滤条件，用于对返回的所有记录进行过滤。
<Conditional-2>：查询结果重起始根结点的限定条件。
<Conditional-3>：连接条件

数据组织结构如下图：

------a-----a1

|         |

|         |----a2

|

|------b------b1

|         |

|         |------b2

 

数据库表结构如下：

create table t2(
  root_id number,
  id number,
  name varchar(5),
  description varchar2(10)
);

insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(0,1,'a','aaa');
insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(1,2,'a1','aaa1');
insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(1,3,'a2','aaa2');
insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(0,4,'b','bbb');
insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(4,5,'b1','bbb1');
insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(4,6,'b2','bbb2');

 

获取完整树：

select * from t2 start with root_id = 0 connect by prior id = root_id;

 

------a-----a1

|         |

|         |----a2

|

|------b------b1

|         |

|         |------b2

获取特定子树：

select * from t2 start with id = 1 connect by prior id = root_id;

 

------a-----a1

|         |

|         |----a2

|

 

select * from t2 start with id = 4 connect by prior id = root_id;

 

|------b------b1

|         |

|         |------b2

如果connect by prior中的prior被省略，则查询将不进行深层递归。
如：

 

select * from t2 start with root_id = 0 connect by id = root_id;

|------a

|  

|------b

 

 

 

select * from t2 start with id = 1 connect by id = root_id;

 
如：

 |------a

 

select t.*, level from t2 start with root_id =0 connect by id = prior root_id;