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正则表达式全集
正则表达式全集
中国电话号码验证<wbr></wbr>
匹配形式如:0511-4405222<wbr></wbr>或者021-87888822<wbr></wbr>或者<wbr>021-44055520-555<wbr></wbr></wbr>或者<wbr>(0511)4405222<wbr></wbr></wbr>
正则表达式<wbr>"((d{3,4})|d{3,4}-)?d{7,8}(-d{3})*"<wbr></wbr></wbr>
中国邮政编码验证<wbr></wbr>
匹配形式如:215421<wbr></wbr>
正则表达式<wbr>"d{6}"<wbr></wbr></wbr>
电子邮件验证<wbr></wbr>
匹配形式如:justali@justdn.com<wbr></wbr>
正则表达式<wbr>"w+([-+.]w+)*@w+([-.]w+)*.w+([-.]w+)*"<wbr></wbr></wbr>
身份证验证<wbr></wbr>
匹配形式如:15位或者18位身份证<wbr></wbr>
正则表达式<wbr>"d{18}|d{15}"<wbr></wbr></wbr>
常用数字验证<wbr></wbr>
正则表达式<wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr>
"d{n}"<wbr>n<span style="font-family:宋体">为规定长度<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
"d{n,m}"<wbr>n<span style="font-family:宋体">到</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">m</span><span style="font-family:宋体">的长度范围<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
非法字符验证<wbr></wbr>
匹配非法字符如:<<wbr>><wbr>&<wbr>/<wbr>'<wbr>|<wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
正则表达式<wbr>[^<>&/|'\]+<wbr></wbr></wbr>
日期验证<wbr></wbr>
匹配形式如:20030718,030718<wbr></wbr>
范围:1900--2099<wbr></wbr>
正则表达式((((19){1}|(20){1})d{2})|d{2})[01]{1}d{1}[0-3]{1}d{1}
正则表达式是一个好东西,但是一般情况下,我们需要验证的内容少之又少。下面是常用的17种正则表达式:
"^\d+$" //非负整数(正整数<wbr></wbr>+<wbr>0</wbr>)<wbr></wbr>
"^[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*$" //正整数<wbr></wbr>
"^((-\d+)|(0+))$" //非正整数(负整数<wbr></wbr>+<wbr>0</wbr>)<wbr></wbr>
"^-[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*$" //负整数<wbr></wbr>
"^-?\d+$" //整数<wbr></wbr>
"^\d+(\.\d+)?$" //非负浮点数(正浮点数<wbr></wbr>+<wbr>0</wbr>)<wbr></wbr>
"^(([0-9]+\.[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*)|([0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+)|([0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*))$" //正浮点数<wbr></wbr>
"^((-\d+(\.\d+)?)|(0+(\.0+)?))$" //非正浮点数(负浮点数<wbr></wbr>+<wbr>0</wbr>)<wbr></wbr>
"^(-(([0-9]+\.[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*)|([0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+)|([0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*)))$" //负浮点数<wbr></wbr>
"^(-?\d+)(\.\d+)?$" //浮点数<wbr></wbr>
"^[A-Za-z]+$" //由26个英文字母组成的字符串<wbr></wbr>
"^[A-Z]+$" //由26个英文字母的大写组成的字符串<wbr></wbr>
"^[a-z]+$" //由26个英文字母的小写组成的字符串<wbr></wbr>
"^[A-Za-z0-9]+$" //由数字和26个英文字母组成的字符串<wbr></wbr>
"^\w+$" //由数字、26个英文字母或者下划线组成的字符串<wbr></wbr>
"^[\w-]+(\.[\w-]+)*@[\w-]+(\.[\w-]+)+$" //email地址<wbr></wbr>
"^[a-zA-z]+://(\w+(-\w+)*)(\.(\w+(-\w+)*))*(\?\S*)?$" //url
[code]电子邮件<wbr></wbr>:<wbr>@"^\w+((-\w+)|(\.\w+))*\@\w+((\.|-)\w+)*\.\w+$"</wbr>
HTTP<wbr>URL<wbr>:<wbr>@"^[url]http://([/url][\w-]+\.)+[\w-]+(/[\w-<wbr>./?%&=]*)?";</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
邮编<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">:<wbr>@"\d{6}"</wbr></span></wbr>
身份证<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">:<wbr>@"\d{18}|\d{15}"</wbr></span></wbr>
整数<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">:<wbr>@"^\d{1,}$"</wbr></span></wbr>
数值<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">:<wbr>@"^-?(0|\d+)(\.\d+)?$"</wbr></span></wbr>
日期<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">:<wbr>@"^(?:(?:(?:(?:1[6-9]|[2-9]\d)?(?:0[48]|[2468][048]|[13579][26])|(?:(?:16|[2468][048]|[3579][26])00)))(\/|-|\.)(?:0?2\1(?:29))$)|(?:(?:1[6-9]|[2-9]\d)?\d{2})(\/|-|\.)(?:(?:(?:0?[13578]|1[02])\2(?:31))|(?:(?:0?[1,3-9]|1[0-2])\2(29|30))|(?:(?:0?[1-9])|(?:1[0-2]))\2(?:0?[1-9]|1\d|2[0-8]))$"</wbr></span></wbr>
合法的用户名(以字母开头,长度不小于4)<wbr>:<wbr>@"(([a-zA-Z]){1})+(\w{3,29})"[/code]</wbr></wbr>
<="">[code]常用正则表达式语法例句<wbr></wbr>
这里有一些可能会遇到的正则表达式示例:<wbr></wbr>
/^\[<wbr>\t]*$/<wbr>"^\[<wbr>\t]*$"<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配一个空白行。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
/\d{2}-\d{5}/<wbr>"\d{2}-\d{5}"<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">验证一个</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">ID</span><span style="font-family:宋体">号码是否由一个</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">2</span><span style="font-family:宋体">位字,一<wbr></wbr></span></wbr></wbr>
个连字符以及一个5位数字组成。<wbr></wbr>
/<(.*)>.*<\/\1>/<wbr>"<(.*)>.*<\/\1>"<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配一个<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">HTML<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">标记。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr></wbr>
下表是元字符及其在正则表达式上下文中的行为的一个完整列表:<wbr></wbr>
字符<wbr>描述<wbr></wbr></wbr>
\<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">将下一个字符标记为一个特殊字符、或一个原义字符、或一个<wbr>后<wbr></wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
向引用、或一个八进制转义符。例如,'n'<wbr></wbr>匹配字符<wbr></wbr>"n"。'\n'<wbr></wbr>
匹配一个换行符。序列<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'\\'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"\"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">而<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"\("<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">则匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"("</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
^<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配输入字符串的开始位置。如果设置了<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">RegExp<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">对象的<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
Multiline<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">属性,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">^<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">也匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'\n'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">或<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'\r'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">之后的位置。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
$<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配输入字符串的结束位置。如果设置了<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">RegExp<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">对象的<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
Multiline<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">属性,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">$<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">也匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'\n'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">或<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'\r'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">之前的位置。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
*<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配前面的子表达式零次或多次。例如,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">zo*<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">能匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"z"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">以及<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
"zoo"。<wbr></wbr>*<wbr></wbr>等价于{0,}。<wbr></wbr>
+<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配前面的子表达式一次或多次。例如,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'zo+'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">能匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"zo"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">以<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
及<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"zoo"</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,但不能匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"z"</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">+<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">等价于<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">{1,}</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
?<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配前面的子表达式零次或一次。例如,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"do(es)?"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">可以匹配<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
"do"<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">或<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"does"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中的</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"do"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">?<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">等价于<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">{0,1}</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
{n}<wbr>n<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">是一个非负整数。匹配确定的<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">次。例如,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'o{2}'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">不能匹配<wbr></wbr></span></wbr></wbr>
"Bob"<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">中的<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'o'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,但是能匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"food"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中的两个<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">o</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
{n,}<wbr>n<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">是一个非负整数。至少匹配</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">次。例如,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'o{2,}'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">不能匹配<wbr></wbr></span></wbr></wbr>
"Bob"<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">中的<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'o'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,但能匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"foooood"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中的所有<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">o</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'o{1,}'<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
等价于<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'o+'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'o{0,}'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">则等价于<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'o*'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
{n,m}<wbr>m<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">和<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">均为非负整数,其中</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr><=<wbr>m</wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">。最少匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">次且最多匹<wbr></wbr></span></wbr></wbr>
配<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">m<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">次。刘,<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"o{1,3}"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">将匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"fooooood"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中的前三个</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">o</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
'o{0,1}'等价于'o?'。请注意在逗号和两个数之间不能有空格<wbr></wbr>
?<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">当该字符紧跟在任何一个其他限制符<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">(*,<wbr>+,<wbr>?,<wbr>{n},<wbr>{n,},<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
{n,m})<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">后面时,匹配模式是非贪婪的。非贪婪模式尽可能少的<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
匹配所搜索的字符串,而默认的贪婪模式则尽可能多的匹配所搜<wbr></wbr>
索的字符串。例如,对于字符串<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"oooo"</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'o+?'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">将匹配单个<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
"o",而<wbr></wbr>'o+'<wbr></wbr>将匹配所有<wbr></wbr>'o'。<wbr></wbr>
.<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配除<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"\n"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">之外的任何单个字符。要匹配包括<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'\n'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">在内的任<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
何字符,请使用象<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'[.\n]'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">的模式。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
(pattern)<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">pattern<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">并获取这一匹配。所获取的匹配可以从产生的<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
Matches<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">集合得到,在</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">VBScript<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中使用<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">SubMatches<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">集合,在<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
Visual<wbr>Basic<wbr>Scripting<wbr>Edition<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">中则使用<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">$0…$9<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">属性。要<wbr></wbr></span></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
匹配圆括号字符,请使用<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'\('<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">或<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'\)'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
(?:pattern)<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">pattern<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">但不获取匹配结果,也就是说这是一个非获取匹<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
配,不进行存储供以后使用。这在使用<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"</span><span style="font-family:宋体">或</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">字符<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">(|)<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">来组合<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
一个模式的各个部分是很有用。例如,<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'industr(?:y|ies)<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">就<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
是一个比<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'industry|industries'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">更简略的表达式。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
(?=pattern)<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">正向预查,在任何匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">pattern<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">的字符串开始处匹配查找字符<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
串。这是一个非获取匹配,也就是说,该匹配不需要获取供以后<wbr></wbr>
使用。例如,'Windows<wbr>(?=95|98|NT|2000)'<wbr></wbr></wbr>能匹配"Windows<wbr></wbr>
2000"中的"Windows",但不能匹配"Windows3<wbr>.1"</wbr>中"Windows"。<wbr></wbr>
预查不消耗字符,也就是说,在一个匹配发生后,在最后一次匹<wbr></wbr>
配之后立即开始下一次匹配的搜索,而不是从包含预查的字符之<wbr></wbr>
后开始。<wbr></wbr>
(?!pattern)<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">负向预查,在任何不匹配</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Negative<wbr>lookahead<wbr>matches<wbr>the<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
search<wbr>string<wbr>at<wbr>any<wbr>point<wbr>where<wbr>a<wbr>string<wbr>not<wbr>matching<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
pattern<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">的字符串开始处匹配查找字符串。这是一个非获取匹<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
配,也就是说,该匹配不需要获取供以后使用。例如'Windows<wbr></wbr>
(?!95|98|NT|2000)'<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">能匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"Windows<wbr>3.1"<wbr></wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中的<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"Windows"</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
但不能匹配<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"Windows<wbr>2000"<wbr></wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中的<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"Windows"</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。预查不消耗字<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
符,也就是说,在一个匹配发生后,在最后一次匹配之后立即开<wbr></wbr>
始下一次匹配的搜索,而不是从包含预查的字符之后开始<wbr></wbr>
x|y<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">x<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">或<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">y</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。例如,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'z|food'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">能匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"z"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">或<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"food"</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'(z|f)<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
ood'<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">则匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"zood"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">或<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"food"</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
[xyz]<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">字符集合。匹配所包含的任意一个字符。例如,<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'[abc]'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">可以<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
匹配<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"plain"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中的<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'a'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
[^xyz]<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">负值字符集合。匹配未包含的任意字符。例如,<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'[^abc]'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">可以<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
匹配<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"plain"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中的</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'p'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
[a-z]<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">字符范围。匹配指定范围内的任意字符。例如,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'[a-z]'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">可以匹<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
配<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'a'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">到<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'z'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">范围内的任意小写字母字符。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
[^a-z]<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">负值字符范围。匹配任何不在指定范围内的任意字符。例如,<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
'[^a-z]'<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">可以匹配任何不在<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'a'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">到<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'z'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">范围内的任意字符。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\b<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配一个单词边界,也就是指单词和空格间的位置。例如,<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
'er\b'<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">可以匹配</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"never"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中的<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'er'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,但不能匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"verb"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
的<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'er'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\B<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配非单词边界。</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'er\B'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">能匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"verb"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中的<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'er'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,但不能匹<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
配<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"never"<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">中的<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'er'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\cx<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配由</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">x</span><span style="font-family:宋体">指明的控制字符。例如,<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\cM<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配一个<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Control-M<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">或<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
回车符。<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">x<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">的值必须为<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">A-Z<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">或<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">a-z<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">之一。否则,将<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">c<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">视为一<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
个原义的<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'c'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">字符。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\d<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配一个数字字符。等价于<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">[0-9]</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\D<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配一个非数字字符。等价于<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">[^0-9]</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\f<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配一个换页符。等价于<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\x0c<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">和<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\cL</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\n<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配一个换行符。等价于<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\x0a<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">和<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\cJ</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\r<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配一个回车符。等价于<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\x0d<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">和<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\cM</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\s<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配任何空白字符,包括空格、制表符、换页符等等。等价于<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
[<wbr>\f\n\r\t\v]<span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\S<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配任何非空白字符。等价于<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">[^<wbr>\f\n\r\t\v]</wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\t<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配一个制表符。等价于<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\x09<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">和<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\cI</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\v<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配一个垂直制表符。等价于<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\x0b<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">和<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\cK</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\w<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配包括下划线的任何单词字符。等价于</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'[A-Za-z0-9_]'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\W<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配任何非单词字符。等价于<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'[^A-Za-z0-9_]'</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\xn<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,其中<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">为十六进制转义值。十六进制转义值必须为确<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
定的两个数字长。例如,<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'\x41'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">"A"</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'\x041'<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">则等价<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
于<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">'\x04'<wbr>&<wbr>"1"</wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">。正则表达式中可以使用<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">ASCII<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">编码。</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">.<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\num<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">num</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,其中</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">num</span><span style="font-family:宋体">是一个正整数。对所获取的匹配的引用。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
例如,'(.)\1'<wbr></wbr>匹配两个连续的相同字符。<wbr></wbr>
\n<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">标识一个八进制转义值或一个后向引用。如果<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">之前至少<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
个获取的子表达式,则<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">为后向引用。否则,如果<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">为八进制<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
数字<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">(0-7)</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,则<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">为一个八进制转义值。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\nm<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">标识一个八进制转义值或一个后向引用。如果<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\nm<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">之前至少有<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
is<wbr>preceded<wbr>by<wbr>at<wbr>least<wbr>nm<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">个获取得子表达式,则<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">nm<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">为后<wbr></wbr></span></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
向引用。如果<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\nm<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">之前至少有<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">个获取,则<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">为一个后跟文<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
字<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">m<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">的后向引用。如果前面的条件都不满足,若<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">和<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">m<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">均为<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
八进制数字<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">(0-7)</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,则<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\nm<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">将匹配八进制转义值<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">nm</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
\nml<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">如果<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">为八进制数字<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">(0-3)</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,且<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">m<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">和<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">l<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">均为八进制数字<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">(0-<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
7),则匹配八进制转义值<wbr></wbr>nml。<wbr></wbr>
\un<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,其中<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">n<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">是一个用四个十六进制数字表示的</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Unicode</span><span style="font-family:宋体">字<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>
符。例如,<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\u00A9<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配版权符号<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">(?)</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">[/code]</span></wbr>
常用正则表达式<wbr></wbr> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 匹配html的嵌入代码<wbr></wbr>[code]<[^>]*>[/code]<wbr></wbr> 匹配[....]的嵌入码[code]<wbr>\[[^]]\{1,\}\][/code]<wbr></wbr></wbr> 删除仅由空字符组成的行<wbr></wbr> [code]sed<wbr>'/^[[:space:]]*$/d'<wbr>filename[/code]<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> 匹配html标签<wbr></wbr> [code]/\(<[^>]*>\)/[/code]例如:从html文件中剔除html标签<wbr></wbr> [code]sed<wbr>'s/\(<[^>]*>\)//g;/^[[:space:]]*$/d'<wbr><wbr>file.html[/code]<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> 例如:要从下列代码中去除"[]"及其中包括的代码<wbr></wbr> [code][b][color=red]一.<wbr></wbr>替换[/color][/b]<wbr></wbr> sed<wbr>'s/\[[^]]\{1,\}\]//g'<wbr>filename[/code]<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> [b]匹配日期:[/b]<wbr></wbr> [code]Month,<wbr>Day,<wbr>Year<wbr>[A-Z][a-z]\{3,9\},<wbr>[0-9]\{1,2\},<wbr>[0-9]\{4\}<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> 2003-01-28<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">或<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">2003.10.18<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">或<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">2003/10/10<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">或<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">2003<wbr>10<wbr>10<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></span></wbr> \([0-9]\{4\}[<wbr>/-.][0-2][0-9][<wbr>/-.][0-3][0-9]\)[/code]<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> [b]匹配IP地址[/b]<wbr></wbr> [code]\([0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}\)<wbr></wbr> \(\([0-9]\{1,3\}\.\)\{3\}[0-9]\{1,3\}\)[/code]<wbr></wbr> [b]匹配数字串[/b]<wbr></wbr> [code][-+]*[0-9]\{1,\}<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">整数<wbr></wbr></span></wbr> [-+]*[0-9]\{1,\}\.[0-9]\{1,\}<wbr><wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">浮点数</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">[/code]<wbr></wbr></span></wbr></wbr> [b]从字串中解析出两个子串(前2各字符和后9个字符)<wbr>[/b]<wbr></wbr></wbr> [code]echo<wbr>"WeLoveChinaUnix"|sed<wbr>-e<wbr>'H;s/\(..\).*/\1/;x;s/.*\(.\{9\}\)$/\1/;x;G;s/\n/<wbr>/'<wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> We<wbr>ChinaUnix<wbr>[/code]<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> [b]分解日期串[/b]<wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr> [code]echo<wbr>20030922|sed<wbr>'s/\(....\)\(..\)\(..\)/\1<wbr>\2<wbr>\3/'|read<wbr>year<wbr>month<wbr>day<wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> echo<wbr>$year<wbr>$month<wbr>$day<wbr>[/code]<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> [b]文件内容倒序输出[/b]<wbr></wbr> [code]sed<wbr>'1!G;h;$!d'<wbr><wbr>oldfile<wbr>>newfile[/code]</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> |
[code]匹配中文字符的正则表达式:<wbr></wbr>
[\u4e00-\u9fa5]
匹配双字节字符(包括汉字在内):
[^\x00-\xff]
匹配空行的正则表达式:
\n[\s|<wbr>]*\r</wbr>
匹配HTML标记的正则表达式:
/<(.*)>.*<\/\1>|<(.*)<wbr>\/>/<wbr></wbr></wbr>
匹配首尾空格的正则表达式:
(^\s*)|(\s*$)<wbr></wbr>
URL:
[url]http://([/url][\w-]+\.)+[\w-]+(/[\w-<wbr>./?%&=]*)?</wbr>
Email:
\w+([-+.]\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*
中华人民共和国电话号码
(\(\d{3}\)|\d{3}-)?\d{8}
中华人民共和国邮编
\d{6}
门丁注册的id格式:2-12位,数字、字符、下划线(0-9,a-z,A-Z,_)<wbr></wbr>
^[0-9a-zA-Z]+(\w){1,11}[/code]
<wbr></wbr> |
[color=red]蓝吧甜<wbr>宝宝</wbr>:[/color][color=blue]主人,陪我去森林里玩好不好?<wbr></wbr> 你和宝宝在森林里找了个好东西给你~~管理员作的特别科研卡! 卡片说明:获得社区特别科研基金100个金币。 卡片效果:得到100金币。 你高兴我也高兴![/color] [img]http://www.xmsq.com/web/images/card/23.jpg[/img] [code]匹配中文字符的正则表达式:<wbr></wbr>[\u4e00-\u9fa5] 匹配双字节字符(包括汉字在内):[^\x00-\xff] 匹配空行的正则表达式:\n[\s|<wbr>]*\r</wbr> 匹配HTML标记的正则表达式:/<(.*)>.*<\/\1>|<(.*)<wbr>\/>/<wbr></wbr></wbr> 匹配首尾空格的正则表达式:(^\s*)|(\s*$)(像vbscript那样的trim函数) 匹配Email地址的正则表达式:\w+([-+.]\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)* 匹配网址URL的正则表达式:[url]http://([/url][\w-]+\.)+[\w-]+(/[\w-<wbr>./?%&=]*)?</wbr> --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 以下是例子: 利用正则表达式限制网页表单里的文本框输入内容: 用正则表达式限制只能输入中文:onkeyup="value=value.replace(/[^\u4E00-\u9FA5]/g,'')"<wbr>onbeforepaste="clipboardData.setData('text',clipboardData.getData('text').replace(/[^\u4E00-\u9FA5]/g,''))"</wbr> 1.用正则表达式限制只能输入全角字符:<wbr></wbr>')"<wbr>onbeforepaste="clipboardData.setData('text',clipboardData.getData('text').replace(/[^\uFF00-\uFFFF]/g,''))"</wbr> 2.用正则表达式限制只能输入数字:onkeyup="value=value.replace(/[^\d]/g,'')<wbr>"onbeforepaste="clipboardData.setData('text',clipboardData.getData('text').replace(/[^\d]/g,''))"</wbr> 3.用正则表达式限制只能输入数字和英文:onkeyup="value=value.replace(/[\W]/g,'')<wbr>"onbeforepaste="clipboardData.setData('text',clipboardData.getData('text').replace(/[^\d]/g,''))"</wbr> 4.计算字符串的长度(一个双字节字符长度计2,ASCII字符计1) String.prototype.len=function(){return<wbr>this.replace([^\x00-\xff]/g,"aa").length;}</wbr> 5.javascript中没有像vbscript那样的trim函数,我们就可以利用这个表达式来实现,如下: String.prototype.trim<wbr>=<wbr>function()</wbr></wbr> { <wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>return<wbr>this.replace(/(^\s*)|(\s*$)/g,<wbr>"");</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> } 利用正则表达式分解和转换IP地址: 6.下面是利用正则表达式匹配IP地址,并将IP地址转换成对应数值的Javascript程序: function<wbr>IP2V(ip)</wbr> { re=/(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)/g<wbr><wbr>//<span style="font-family:宋体">匹配</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">IP</span><span style="font-family:宋体">地址的正则表达式</span></wbr></wbr> if(re.test(ip)) { return<wbr>RegExp.$1*Math.pow(255,3))+RegExp.$2*Math.pow(255,2))+RegExp.$3*255+RegExp.$4*1</wbr> } else { throw<wbr>new<wbr>Error("<span style="font-family:宋体">不是一个正确的</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">IP</span><span style="font-family:宋体">地址</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">!")</span></wbr></wbr> } } 不过上面的程序如果不用正则表达式,而直接用split函数来分解可能更简单,程序如下: var<wbr>ip="10.100.20.168"</wbr> ip=ip.split(".") alert("IP值是:"+(ip[0]*255*255*255+ip[1]*255*255+ip[2]*255+ip[3]*1))[/code] 经典正则表达式(ZT)<wbr>by<wbr>lemon</wbr></wbr> 关键词:<wbr></wbr>正则表达式<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>by<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>lemon<wbr>posted<wbr>at<wbr>oioj<wbr>on<wbr>2005-12-17<wbr>17:32:01<wbr>Weather:<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">晴</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman"><wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">正则表达式用于字符串处理,表单验证等场合,实用高效,但用到时总是不太把握,以致往往要上网查一番。我将一些常用的表达式收藏在这里,作备忘之用。本贴随时会更新。匹配中文字符的正则表达式:<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">[\u4e00-\u9fa5]</span><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配双字节字符</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">(</span><span style="font-family:宋体">包括汉字在内</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">)</span><span style="font-family:宋体">:</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">[^\x00-\xff]</span><span style="font-family:宋体">应用:计算字符串的长度(一个双字节字符长度计</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">2</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">ASCII</span><span style="font-family:宋体">字符计</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">1</span><span style="font-family:宋体">)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">String.prototype.len=function(){return<wbr>this.replace([^\x00-\xff]/g,"aa").length;}</wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配空行的正则表达式:</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">\n[\s|<wbr>]*\r</wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">HTML</span><span style="font-family:宋体">标记的正则表达式:</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">/<(.*)>.*<\/\1>|<(.*)<wbr>\/>/<wbr></wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">匹配首尾空格的正则表达式:</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">(^\s*)|(\s*$)</span><span style="font-family:宋体">应用:</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">javascript</span><span style="font-family:宋体">中没有像</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">vbscript</span><span style="font-family:宋体">那样的</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">trim</span><span style="font-family:宋体">函数,我们就可以利用这个表达式来实现,如下:</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">String.prototype.trim<wbr>=<wbr>function()</wbr></wbr></span></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> { <wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>return<wbr>this.replace(/(^\s*)|(\s*$)/g,<wbr>"");</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> }利用正则表达式分解和转换IP地址:下面是利用正则表达式匹配IP地址,并将IP地址转换成对应数值的Javascript程序:function<wbr>IP2V(ip)</wbr> { <wbr>re=/(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)/g<wbr><wbr>//<span style="font-family:宋体">匹配</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">IP</span><span style="font-family:宋体">地址的正则表达式</span></wbr></wbr></wbr> if(re.test(ip)) { return<wbr>RegExp.$1*Math.pow(255,3))+RegExp.$2*Math.pow(255,2))+RegExp.$3*255+RegExp.$4*1</wbr> } else { <wbr>throw<wbr>new<wbr>Error("Not<wbr>a<wbr>valid<wbr>IP<wbr>address!")</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> } }不过上面的程序如果不用正则表达式,而直接用split函数来分解可能更简单,程序如下:var<wbr>ip="10.100.20.168"</wbr> ip=ip.split(".") alert("IP值是:"+(ip[0]*255*255*255+ip[1]*255*255+ip[2]*255+ip[3]*1))匹配Email地址的正则表达式:\w+([-+.]\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*匹配网址URL的正则表达式:http://([\w-]+\.)+[\w-]+(/[\w-<wbr>./?%&=]*)?<span style="font-family:宋体">利用正则表达式去除字串中重复的字符的算法程序:</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">[</span><span style="font-family:宋体">注:此程序不正确,原因见本贴回复</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">]var<wbr>s="abacabefgeeii"</wbr></span></wbr> var<wbr>s1=s.replace(/(.).*\1/g,"$1")</wbr> var<wbr>re=new<wbr>RegExp("["+s1+"]","g")</wbr></wbr> var<wbr>s2=s.replace(re,"")<wbr></wbr></wbr> alert(s1+s2)<wbr><wbr>//<span style="font-family:宋体">结果为:</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">abcefgi</span><span style="font-family:宋体">我原来在</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">CSDN</span><span style="font-family:宋体">上发贴寻求一个表达式来实现去除重复字符的方法,最终没有找到,这是我能想到的最简单的实现方法。思路是使用后向引用取出包括重复的字符,再以重复的字符建立第二个表达式,取到不重复的字符,两者串连。这个方法对于字符顺序有要求的字符串可能不适用。得用正则表达式从</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">URL</span><span style="font-family:宋体">地址中提取文件名的</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">javascript</span><span style="font-family:宋体">程序,如下结果为</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">page1s="</span></wbr></wbr>http://www.9499.net/page1.htm" s=s.replace(/(.*\/){0,}([^\.]+).*/ig,"$2") alert(s)利用正则表达式限制网页表单里的文本框输入内容:用正则表达式限制只能输入中文:onkeyup="value=value.replace(/[^\u4E00-\u9FA5]/g,'')"<wbr>onbeforepaste="clipboardData.setData('text',clipboardData.getData('text').replace(/[^\u4E00-\u9FA5]/g,''))"</wbr>用正则表达式限制只能输入全角字符:<wbr></wbr>')"<wbr>onbeforepaste="clipboardData.setData('text',clipboardData.getData('text').replace(/[^\uFF00-\uFFFF]/g,''))"</wbr>用正则表达式限制只能输入数字:onkeyup="value=value.replace(/[^\d]/g,'')<wbr>"onbeforepaste="clipboardData.setData('text',clipboardData.getData('text').replace(/[^\d]/g,''))"</wbr>用正则表达式限制只能输入数字和英文:onkeyup="value=value.replace(/[\W]/g,'')<wbr>"onbeforepaste="clipboardData.setData('text',clipboardData.getData('text').replace(/[^\d]/g,''))"</wbr> 正则表达式,相关链接<wbr></wbr> http://blog.csdn.net/laily/category/19548.aspx<wbr></wbr> http://blog.csdn.net/laily/archive/2004/06/30/30525.aspx<wbr>微软的正则表达式教程(五):选择<span style="font-family:Times New Roman">/</span><span style="font-family:宋体">编组和后向引用<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>http://blog.csdn.net/laily/archive/2004/06/30/30522.aspx<wbr>微软的正则表达式教程(四):限定符和定位符<wbr></wbr></wbr>http://blog.csdn.net/laily/archive/2004/06/30/30517.aspx<wbr>微软的正则表达式教程(三):字符匹配<wbr></wbr></wbr>http://blog.csdn.net/laily/archive/2004/06/30/30514.aspx<wbr>微软的正则表达式教程(二):正则表达式语法和优先权顺序<wbr></wbr></wbr>http://blog.csdn.net/laily/archive/2004/06/30/30511.aspx<wbr>微软的正则表达式教程(一):正则表达式简介<wbr></wbr></wbr>http://blog.csdn.net/laily/archive/2004/06/30/30360.aspx<wbr>小程序大作为:高级查找<span style="font-family:Times New Roman">/</span><span style="font-family:宋体">替换、正则表达式练习器、</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Javascript</span><span style="font-family:宋体">脚本程序调试器<wbr></wbr></span></wbr>http://blog.csdn.net/laily/archive/2004/06/24/25872.aspx<wbr>经典正则表达式<wbr>正则表达式,正规表达式,正则表达式匹配,正则表达式语法,模式匹配,正规表达式匹配<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">javascript</span><span style="font-family:宋体">正则表达式<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">ASP</span><span style="font-family:宋体">正则表达式<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">ASP.NET</span><span style="font-family:宋体">正则表达式<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">C#</span><span style="font-family:宋体">正则表达式<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">JSP</span><span style="font-family:宋体">正则表达式<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">PHP</span><span style="font-family:宋体">正则表达式<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">VB.NET</span><span style="font-family:宋体">正则表达式<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">VBSCript</span><span style="font-family:宋体">正则表达式编程<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">delphi</span><span style="font-family:宋体">正则表达式<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">jscript<wbr></wbr></span></wbr></wbr></wbr> 补充:<wbr></wbr> ^\d+$ //匹配非负整数(正整数<wbr></wbr>+<wbr>0</wbr>)<wbr></wbr> ^[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*$ //匹配正整数<wbr></wbr> ^((-\d+)|(0+))$ //匹配非正整数(负整数<wbr></wbr>+<wbr>0</wbr>)<wbr></wbr> ^-[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*$ //匹配负整数<wbr></wbr> ^-?\d+$ //匹配整数<wbr></wbr> ^\d+(\.\d+)?$ //匹配非负浮点数(正浮点数<wbr></wbr>+<wbr>0</wbr>)<wbr></wbr> ^(([0-9]+\.[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*)|([0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+)|([0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*))$ //匹配正浮点数<wbr></wbr> ^((-\d+(\.\d+)?)|(0+(\.0+)?))$ //匹配非正浮点数(负浮点数<wbr></wbr>+<wbr>0</wbr>)<wbr></wbr> ^(-(([0-9]+\.[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*)|([0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+)|([0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*)))$ //匹配负浮点数<wbr></wbr> ^(-?\d+)(\.\d+)?$ //匹配浮点数<wbr></wbr> ^[A-Za-z]+$ //匹配由26个英文字母组成的字符串<wbr></wbr> ^[A-Z]+$ //匹配由26个英文字母的大写组成的字符串<wbr></wbr> ^[a-z]+$ //匹配由26个英文字母的小写组成的字符串<wbr></wbr> ^[A-Za-z0-9]+$ //匹配由数字和26个英文字母组成的字符串<wbr></wbr> ^\w+$ //匹配由数字、26个英文字母或者下划线组成的字符串<wbr></wbr> ^[\w-]+(\.[\w-]+)*@[\w-]+(\.[\w-]+)+$ //匹配email地址<wbr></wbr> ^[a-zA-z]+://匹配(\w+(-\w+)*)(\.(\w+(-\w+)*))*(\?\S*)?$ //匹配url<wbr></wbr>利用正则表达式去除字串中重复的字符的算法程序:<wbr></wbr>var<wbr>s="abacabefgeeii"<wbr></wbr></wbr> var<wbr>s1=s.replace(/(.).*\1/g,"$1")<wbr></wbr></wbr> var<wbr>re=new<wbr>RegExp("["+s1+"]","g")<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> var<wbr>s2=s.replace(re,"")<wbr></wbr></wbr> alert(s1+s2)<wbr>//<span style="font-family:宋体">结果为:</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">abcefgi<wbr></wbr></span></wbr> ===============================<wbr></wbr> 如果var<wbr>s<wbr>=<wbr>"abacabefggeeii"<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> 结果就不对了,结果为:abeicfgg<wbr></wbr> 正则表达式的能力有限<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">1.</span><span style="font-family:宋体">确认有效电子邮件格式<wbr></wbr></span></wbr> 下面的代码示例使用静态<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Regex.IsMatch<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">方法验证一个字符串是否为有效电子邮件格式。如果字符串包含一个有效的电子邮件地址,则<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">IsValidEmail<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">方法返回<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">true</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,否则返回<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">false</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,但不采取其他任何操作。您可以使用<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">IsValidEmail</span><span style="font-family:宋体">,在应用程序将地址存储在数据库中或显示在<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">ASP.NET<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">页中之前,筛选出包含无效字符的电子邮件地址。<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">[Visual<wbr>Basic]<wbr></wbr></wbr></span></wbr> Function<wbr>IsValidEmail(strIn<wbr>As<wbr>String)<wbr>As<wbr>Boolean<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> '<wbr>Return<wbr>true<wbr>if<wbr>strIn<wbr>is<wbr>in<wbr>valid<wbr>e-mail<wbr>format.<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> Return<wbr>Regex.IsMatch(strIn,<wbr>("^([\w-\.]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)|(([\w-]+\.)+))([a-zA-Z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(\]?)$")<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> End<wbr>Function<wbr></wbr></wbr> [C#]<wbr></wbr> bool<wbr>IsValidEmail(string<wbr>strIn)<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> {<wbr></wbr> //<wbr>Return<wbr>true<wbr>if<wbr>strIn<wbr>is<wbr>in<wbr>valid<wbr>e-mail<wbr>format.<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> return<wbr>Regex.IsMatch(strIn,<wbr>@"^([\w-\.]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)|(([\w-]+\.)+))([a-zA-Z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(\]?)$");<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> }<wbr></wbr> 2.清理输入字符串<wbr></wbr> 下面的代码示例使用静态<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Regex.Replace<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">方法从字符串中抽出无效字符。您可以使用这里定义的<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">CleanInput<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">方法,清除掉在接受用户输入的窗体的文本字段中输入的可能有害的字符。</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">CleanInput<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">在清除掉除<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">@</span><span style="font-family:宋体">、</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">-</span><span style="font-family:宋体">(连字符)和<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">.</span><span style="font-family:宋体">(句点)以外的所有非字母数字字符后返回一个字符串。<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">[Visual<wbr>Basic]<wbr></wbr></wbr></span></wbr> Function<wbr>CleanInput(strIn<wbr>As<wbr>String)<wbr>As<wbr>String<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> '<wbr>Replace<wbr>invalid<wbr>characters<wbr>with<wbr>empty<wbr>strings.<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> Return<wbr>Regex.Replace(strIn,<wbr>"[^\w\.@-]",<wbr>"")<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> End<wbr>Function<wbr></wbr></wbr> [C#]<wbr></wbr> String<wbr>CleanInput(string<wbr>strIn)<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> {<wbr></wbr> //<wbr>Replace<wbr>invalid<wbr>characters<wbr>with<wbr>empty<wbr>strings.<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> return<wbr>Regex.Replace(strIn,<wbr>@"[^\w\.@-]",<wbr>"");<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> }<wbr></wbr> 3.更改日期格式<wbr></wbr> 以下代码示例使用<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Regex.Replace<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">方法来用<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">dd-mm-yy<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">的日期形式代替<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">mm/dd/yy<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">的日期形式。<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">[Visual<wbr>Basic]<wbr></wbr></wbr></span></wbr> Function<wbr>MDYToDMY(input<wbr>As<wbr>String)<wbr>As<wbr>String<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> Return<wbr>Regex.Replace(input,<wbr>_<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> "\b(?\d{1,2})/(?\d{1,2})/(?\d{2,4})\b",<wbr>_<wbr></wbr></wbr> "${day}-${month}-${year}")<wbr></wbr> End<wbr>Function<wbr></wbr></wbr> [C#]<wbr></wbr> String<wbr>MDYToDMY(String<wbr>input)<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> {<wbr></wbr> return<wbr>Regex.Replace(input,<wbr></wbr></wbr> "\\b(?\\d{1,2})/(?\\d{1,2})/(?\\d{2,4})\\b",<wbr></wbr> "${day}-${month}-${year}");<wbr></wbr> }<wbr></wbr> Regex<wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">替换模式<wbr></wbr></span></wbr> 本示例说明如何在<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Regex.Replace<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">的替换模式中使用命名的反向引用。其中,替换表达式<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">${day}<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">插入由<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">(?...)<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">组捕获的子字符串。<wbr>有几种静态函数使您可以在使用正则表达式操作时无需创建显式正则表达式对象,而<wbr></wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Regex.Replace<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">函数正是其中之一。如果您不想保留编译的正则表达式,这将给您带来方便<wbr></wbr></span></wbr> 4.提取<wbr></wbr>URL<wbr></wbr>信息<wbr></wbr> 以下代码示例使用<wbr><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Match.Result<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">来从<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">URL<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:宋体">提取协议和端口号。例如,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">“http://www.contoso.com:8080/letters/readme.html”</span><span style="font-family:宋体">将返回</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">“http:8080”</span><span style="font-family:宋体">。<wbr></wbr></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">[Visual<wbr>Basic]<wbr></wbr></wbr></span></wbr> Function<wbr>Extension(url<wbr>As<wbr>String)<wbr>As<wbr>String<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> Dim<wbr>r<wbr>As<wbr>New<wbr>Regex("^(?\w+)://[^/]+?(?:\d+)?/",<wbr>_<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> RegexOptions.Compiled)<wbr></wbr> Return<wbr>r.Match(url).Result("${proto}${port}")<wbr></wbr></wbr> End<wbr>Function<wbr></wbr></wbr> [C#]<wbr></wbr> String<wbr>Extension(String<wbr>url)<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> {<wbr></wbr> Regex<wbr>r<wbr>=<wbr>new<wbr>Regex(@"^(?\w+)://[^/]+?(?:\d+)?/",<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> RegexOptions.Compiled);<wbr></wbr> return<wbr>r.Match(url).Result("${proto}${port}");<wbr></wbr></wbr> }<wbr></wbr> by<wbr>lemon<wbr>posted<wbr>on<wbr>2005-12-17<wbr>17:32:51<wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> 常用的匹配正则表达式和实例:<wbr></wbr>http://www.blueidea.com/tech/program/2004/2273.asp<wbr></wbr> 正则表达式使用详解[转] <wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><span style="font-family:宋体">如果我们问那些</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">UNIX</span><span style="font-family:宋体">系统的爱好者他们最喜欢什么,答案除了稳定的系统和可以远程启动之外,十有八九的人会提到正则表达式;如果我们再问他们最头痛的是什么,可能除了复杂的进程控制和安装过程之外,还会是正则表达式。那么正则表达式到底是什么?如何才能真正的掌握正则表达式并正确的加以灵活运用?本文将就此展开介绍,希望能够对那些渴望了解和掌握正则表达式的读者有所助益。</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman"><wbr></wbr></span></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> 入门简介<wbr></wbr> 简单的说,正则表达式是一种可以用于模式匹配和替换的强有力的工具。我们可以在几乎所有的基于UNIX系统的工具中找到正则表达式的身影,例如,vi编辑器,Perl或PHP脚本语言,以及awk或sed<wbr>shell</wbr>程序等。此外,象JavaScript这种客户端的脚本语言也提供了对正则表达式的支持。由此可见,正则表达式已经超出了某种语言或某个系统的局限,成为人们广为接受的概念和功能。<wbr></wbr> 正则表达式可以让用户通过使用一系列的特殊字符构建匹配模式,然后把匹配模式与数据文件、程序输入以及WEB页面的表单输入等目标对象进行比较,根据比较对象中是否包含匹配模式,执行相应的程序。<wbr></wbr> 举例来说,正则表达式的一个最为普遍的应用就是用于验证用户在线输入的邮件地址的格式是否正确。如果通过正则表达式验证用户邮件地址的格式正确,用户所填写的表单信息将会被正常处理;反之,如果用户输入的邮件地址与正则表达的模式不匹配,将会弹出提示信息,要求用户重新输入正确的邮件地址。由此可见正则表达式在WEB应用的逻辑判断中具有举足轻重的作用。<wbr></wbr> 基本语法<wbr></wbr> 在对正则表达式的功能和作用有了初步的了解之后,我们就来具体看一下正则表达式的语法格式。<wbr></wbr> 正则表达式的形式一般如下:<wbr></wbr> /love/<wbr></wbr> 其中位于“/”定界符之间的部分就是将要在目标对象中进行匹配的模式。用户只要把希望查找匹配对象的模式内容放入“/”定界符之间即可。为了能够使用户更加灵活的定制模式内容,正则表达式提供了专门的“元字符”。所谓元字符就是指那些在正则表达式中具有特殊意义的专用字符,可以用来规定其前导字符(即位于元字符前面的字符)在目标对象中的出现模式。<wbr></wbr> 较为常用的元字符包括:<wbr>“+”</wbr>,<wbr>“*”</wbr>,以及<wbr>“?”</wbr>。其中,“+”元字符规定其前导字符必须在目标对象中连续出现一次或多次,“*”元字符规定其前导字符必须在目标对象中出现零次或连续多次,而“?”元字符规定其前导对象必须在目标对象中连续出现零次或一次。<wbr></wbr> 下面,就让我们来看一下正则表达式元字符的具体应用。<wbr></wbr> /fo+/<wbr></wbr> 因为上述正则表达式中包含“+”元字符,表示可以与目标对象中的<wbr>“fool”,<wbr>“fo”,<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>或者<wbr>“football”</wbr>等在字母f后面连续出现一个或多个字母o的字符串相匹配。<wbr></wbr> /eg*/<wbr></wbr> 因为上述正则表达式中包含“*”元字符,表示可以与目标对象中的<wbr>“easy”,<wbr>“ego”,<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>或者<wbr>“egg”</wbr>等在字母e后面连续出现零个或多个字母g的字符串相匹配。<wbr></wbr> /Wil?/<wbr></wbr> 因为上述正则表达式中包含“?”元字符,表示可以与目标对象中的<wbr>“Win”,<wbr></wbr></wbr>或者<wbr>“Wilson”,</wbr>等在字母i后面连续出现零个或一个字母l的字符串相匹配。<wbr></wbr> 除了元字符之外,用户还可以精确指定模式在匹配对象中出现的频率。例如,<wbr></wbr> /jim{2,6}/<wbr></wbr> 上述正则表达式规定字符m可以在匹配对象中连续出现2-6次,因此,上述正则表达式可以同jimmy或jimmmmmy等字符串相匹配。<wbr></wbr> 在对如何使用正则表达式有了初步了解之后,我们来看一下其它几个重要的元字符的使用方式。<wbr></wbr> \s:用于匹配单个空格符,包括tab键和换行符;<wbr></wbr> \S:用于匹配除单个空格符之外的所有字符;<wbr></wbr> \d:用于匹配从0到9的数字;<wbr></wbr> \w:用于匹配字母,数字或下划线字符;<wbr></wbr> \W:用于匹配所有与\w不匹配的字符;<wbr></wbr> .<wbr></wbr>:用于匹配除换行符之外的所有字符。<wbr></wbr> (说明:我们可以把\s和\S以及\w和\W看作互为逆运算)<wbr></wbr> 下面,我们就通过实例看一下如何在正则表达式中使用上述元字符。<wbr></wbr> /\s+/<wbr></wbr> 上述正则表达式可以用于匹配目标对象中的一个或多个空格字符。<wbr></wbr> /\d000/<wbr></wbr> 如果我们手中有一份复杂的财务报表,那么我们可以通过上述正则表达式轻而易举的查找到所有总额达千元的款项。<wbr></wbr> 除了我们以上所介绍的元字符之外,正则表达式中还具有另外一种较为独特的专用字符,即定位符。定位符用于规定匹配模式在目标对象中的出现位置。<wbr></wbr> 较为常用的定位符包括:<wbr>“^”,<wbr>“$”,<wbr>“\b”<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>以及<wbr>“\B”</wbr>。其中,“^”定位符规定匹配模式必须出现在目标字符串的开头,“$”定位符规定匹配模式必须出现在目标对象的结尾,\b定位符规定匹配模式必须出现在目标字符串的开头或结尾的两个边界之一,而“\B”定位符则规定匹配对象必须位于目标字符串的开头和结尾两个边界之内,即匹配对象既不能作为目标字符串的开头,也不能作为目标字符串的结尾。同样,我们也可以把“^”和“$”以及“\b”和“\B”看作是互为逆运算的两组定位符。举例来说:<wbr></wbr> /^hell/<wbr></wbr> 因为上述正则表达式中包含“^”定位符,所以可以与目标对象中以<wbr>“hell”,<wbr>“hello”</wbr></wbr>或<wbr>“hellhound”</wbr>开头的字符串相匹配。<wbr></wbr> /ar$/<wbr></wbr> 因为上述正则表达式中包含“$”定位符,所以可以与目标对象中以<wbr>“car”,<wbr>“bar”</wbr></wbr>或<wbr>“ar”<wbr></wbr></wbr>结尾的字符串相匹配。<wbr></wbr> /\bbom/<wbr></wbr> 因为上述正则表达式模式以“\b”定位符开头,所以可以与目标对象中以<wbr>“bomb”,<wbr></wbr></wbr>或<wbr>“bom”</wbr>开头的字符串相匹配。<wbr></wbr> /man\b/<wbr></wbr> 因为上述正则表达式模式以“\b”定位符结尾,所以可以与目标对象中以<wbr>“human”,<wbr>“woman”</wbr></wbr>或<wbr>“man”</wbr>结尾的字符串相匹配。<wbr></wbr> 为了能够方便用户更加灵活的设定匹配模式,正则表达式允许使用者在匹配模式中指定某一个范围而不局限于具体的字符。例如:<wbr></wbr> /[A-Z]/<wbr></wbr> 上述正则表达式将会与从A到Z范围内任何一个大写字母相匹配。<wbr></wbr> /[a-z]/<wbr></wbr> 上述正则表达式将会与从a到z范围内任何一个小写字母相匹配。<wbr></wbr> /[0-9]/<wbr></wbr> 上述正则表达式将会与从0到9范围内任何一个数字相匹配。<wbr></wbr> /([a-z][A-Z][0-9])+/<wbr></wbr> 上述正则表达式将会与任何由字母和数字组成的字符串,如<wbr>“aB0”<wbr></wbr></wbr>等相匹配。这里需要提醒用户注意的一点就是可以在正则表达式中使用<wbr>“()”<wbr></wbr></wbr>把字符串组合在一起。“()”符号包含的内容必须同时出现在目标对象中。因此,上述正则表达式将无法与诸如<wbr>“abc”</wbr>等的字符串匹配,因为“abc”中的最后一个字符为字母而非数字。<wbr></wbr> 如果我们希望在正则表达式中实现类似编程逻辑中的“或”运算,在多个不同的模式中任选一个进行匹配的话,可以使用管道符<wbr>“|”</wbr>。例如:<wbr></wbr> /to|too|2/<wbr></wbr> 上述正则表达式将会与目标对象中的<wbr>“to”,<wbr>“too”,<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>或<wbr>“2”<wbr></wbr></wbr>相匹配。<wbr></wbr> 正则表达式中还有一个较为常用的运算符,即否定符<wbr>“[^]”</wbr>。与我们前文所介绍的定位符<wbr>“^”<wbr></wbr></wbr>不同,否定符<wbr>“[^]”</wbr>规定目标对象中不能存在模式中所规定的字符串。例如:<wbr></wbr> /[^A-C]/<wbr></wbr> 上述字符串将会与目标对象中除A,B,和C之外的任何字符相匹配。一般来说,当“^”出现在<wbr>“[]”</wbr>内时就被视做否定运算符;而当“^”位于“[]”之外,或没有“[]”时,则应当被视做定位符。<wbr></wbr> 最后,当用户需要在正则表达式的模式中加入元字符,并查找其匹配对象时,可以使用转义符“\”。例如:<wbr></wbr> /Th\*/<wbr></wbr> 上述正则表达式将会与目标对象中的“Th*”而非“The”等相匹配。 使用实例<wbr></wbr> 在对正则表达式有了较为全面的了解之后,我们就来看一下如何在Perl,PHP,以及JavaScript中使用正则表达式。<wbr></wbr> 通常,Perl中正则表达式的使用格式如下:<wbr></wbr> operator<wbr>/<wbr>regular-expression<wbr>/<wbr>string-to-replace<wbr>/<wbr>modifiers<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> 运算符一项可以是m或s,分别代表匹配运算和替换运算。<wbr></wbr> 其中,正则表达式一项是将要进行匹配或替换操作的模式,可以由任意字符,元字符,或定位符等组成。替换字符串一项是使用s运算符时,对查找到的模式匹配对象进行替换的字符串。最后的参数项用来控制不同的匹配或替换方式。例如:<wbr></wbr> s/geed/good/<wbr></wbr> 将会在目标对象中查找第一个出现的geed字串,并将其替换为good。如果我们希望在目标对象的全局范围内执行多次查找—替换操作的话,可以使用参数<wbr>“g”</wbr>,即s/love/lust/g。<wbr></wbr> 此外,如果我们不需要限制匹配的大小写形式的话,可以使用参数<wbr>“i<wbr>”</wbr></wbr>。例如,<wbr></wbr> m/JewEL/i<wbr></wbr> 上述正则表达式将会与目标对象中的jewel,Jewel,或JEWEL相匹配。<wbr></wbr> 在Perl中,使用专门的运算符“=~”指定正则表达式的匹配对象。例如:<wbr></wbr> $flag<wbr>=~<wbr>s/abc/ABC/<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> 上述正则表达式将会把变量$flag中的字串abc替换为ABC。<wbr></wbr> 下面,我们就在Perl程序中加入正则表达式,验证用户邮件地址格式的有效性。代码如下:<wbr></wbr> #!/usr/bin/perl<wbr></wbr> #<wbr>get<wbr>input<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> print<wbr>“What\'s<wbr>your<wbr>email<wbr>address?\n”;<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> $email<wbr>=<wbr><STDIN><wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> chomp($email);<wbr></wbr> #<wbr>match<wbr>and<wbr>display<wbr>result<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> if($email<wbr>=~<wbr>/^([a-zA-Z0-9_-])+@([a-zA-Z0-9_-])+(\.[a-zA-Z0-9_-])+/)<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> {<wbr></wbr> print(“Your<wbr>email<wbr>address<wbr>is<wbr>correct!\n”);<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> }<wbr></wbr> else<wbr></wbr> {<wbr></wbr> print(“Please<wbr>try<wbr>again!\n”);<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> }<wbr></wbr> 如果用户更偏爱PHP的话,可以使用ereg()函数进行模式匹配操作。ereg()函数的使用格式如下:<wbr></wbr> <wbr>ereg(pattern,<wbr>string)<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> 其中,pattern代表正则表达式的模式,而string则是执行查找替换操作的目标对象。同样是验证邮件地址,使用PHP编写的程序代码如下:<wbr></wbr> <?php<wbr></wbr> <wbr>if<wbr>(ereg(“^([a-zA-Z0-9_-])+@([a-zA-Z0-9_-])+(\.[a-zA-Z0-9_-])+”,$email))<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr>{<wbr>echo<wbr>“Your<wbr>email<wbr>address<wbr>is<wbr>correct!”;}<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr>else<wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr>{<wbr>echo<wbr>“Please<wbr>try<wbr>again!”;}<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr>?><wbr></wbr></wbr> 最后,我们在来看一下JavaScript。JavaScript<wbr>1.2</wbr>中带有一个功能强大的RegExp()对象,可以用来进行正则表达式的匹配操作。其中的test()方法可以检验目标对象中是否包含匹配模式,并相应的返回true或false。<wbr></wbr> 我们可以使用JavaScript编写以下脚本,验证用户输入的邮件地址的有效性。<wbr></wbr> <wbr></wbr> <wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr><script<wbr>language=\"Javascript1.2\"><wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr><!--<wbr>start<wbr>hiding<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr>function<wbr>verifyAddress(obj)<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> {<wbr></wbr> var<wbr>email<wbr>=<wbr>obj.email.value;<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> var<wbr>pattern<wbr>=<wbr>/^([a-zA-Z0-9_-])+@([a-zA-Z0-9_-])+(\.[a-zA-Z0-9_-])+/;<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> flag<wbr>=<wbr>pattern.test(email);<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> if(flag)<wbr></wbr> {<wbr></wbr> alert(“Your<wbr>email<wbr>address<wbr>is<wbr>correct!”);<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> return<wbr>true;<wbr></wbr></wbr> }<wbr></wbr> else<wbr></wbr> {<wbr></wbr> alert(“Please<wbr>try<wbr>again!”);<wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> return<wbr>false;<wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr>}<wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr>}<wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr>//<wbr>stop<wbr>hiding<wbr>--><wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr></wbr> <wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr> <wbr><form<wbr>onSubmit=\"return<wbr>verifyAddress(this);\"><wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> <input<wbr>name=\"email\"<wbr>type=\"text\"><wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> <input<wbr>type=\"submit\"><wbr></wbr></wbr> </form><wbr></wbr> Trackback:<wbr></wbr>http://tb.blog.csdn.net/TrackBack.aspx?PostId=544235<wbr></wbr> |
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