strust2.1.8的配置

  准备配置Struts 2的一个简单应用，发现配置居然有错误。

严重: Dispatcher initialization failed
Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/D:/eclipse/workplaces/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/Struts2/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.1.8.1.jar!/struts-default.xml:53:89
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:58)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:374)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:418)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.init(FilterDispatcher.java:190)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:295)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:422)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:115)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:3838)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4488)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:785)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:519)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:581)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414)
Caused by: Unable to load bean: type: class:org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerManager - bean - jar:file:/D:/eclipse/workplaces/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/Struts2/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.1.8.1.jar!/struts-default.xml:53:89
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:221)
	at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.register(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:101)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:169)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:55)
	... 21 more

 

    一开始，只加了struts2-core-2.1.8.1.jar，xwork-core-2.1.5.jar和ognl-2.7.3.jar三个jar包，发现启动时也是配置错误。增加commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar和commons-io-1.3.2.jar后，先前的错误得到解决。

  接下来的报错就是：

 

Unable to load bean: type: class:org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerManager

  我根本就没有用FreeMaker，竟然会报错FreeMaker，算了，先加上吧。增加freemarker-2.3.15.jar。

 问题竟然全部解决。

 由此，总结如下：

 如果需要开发Struts 2程序，必须包含以下6个jar

struts2-core-2.1.8.1.jar
ognl-2.7.3.jar
xwork-core-2.1.6.jar
commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar
commons-io-1.3.2.jar
freemarker-2.3.15.jar

 

   最后查看了一下Struts的Sample，发现struts2-blank-2.1.8.1中竟然完好的展示了我的猜测。