struts2.0 学习笔记

struts2.0 学习笔记

先按照文档，做一次：

1，建立WEB.XML：

代码

<!--段洪杰-->
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app>

<display-name>StrutsBlank</display-name>

<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

文档中有一个org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher的filter
还有org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener

2.建SPRING的BEAN配置文件：applicationContext.xml

代码

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEbeansPUBLIC"-//SPRING//DTDBEAN//EN""http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beansdefault-autowire="autodetect">
<!--addyourspringbeanshere-->
</beans>

3.建struts配置文件：

代码

<!DOCTYPEstrutsPUBLIC
"-//ApacheSoftwareFoundation//DTDStrutsConfiguration2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>

<includefile="example.xml"/>

<!--Addpackageshere-->

</struts>

演示了一下配置文件分块的方法，下面这个才起作用：

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

代码

<struts>

<packagename="example"namespace="/example"extends="struts-default">

<actionname="HelloWorld"class="example.HelloWorld">
<result>/example/HelloWorld.jsp</result>
</action>

<actionname="Login!*"method="{1}"class="example.Login">
<resultname="input">/example/Login.jsp</result>
<resulttype="redirect-action">Menu</result>
</action>

<actionname="*"class="example.ExampleSupport">
<result>/example/{1}.jsp</result>
</action>

<!--Addactionshere-->
</package>
</struts>

4，录入验证：Login-validation.xml
这个很象struts1.x

代码

<!DOCTYPEvalidatorsPUBLIC
"-//OpenSymphonyGroup//XWorkValidator1.0.2//EN"
"http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">

<validators>
<fieldname="username">
<field-validatortype="requiredstring">
<messagekey="requiredstring"/>
</field-validator>
</field>
<fieldname="password">
<field-validatortype="requiredstring">
<messagekey="requiredstring"/>
</field-validator>
</field>
</validators>

5.建立资源文件package.properties，这个也很象struts1.x

代码

HelloWorld.message=Strutsisupandrunning...
requiredstring=${getText(fieldName)}isrequired.
password=Password
username=UserName
Missing.message=Thisfeatureisunderconstruction.Pleasetryagaininthenextinteration.

6.搞个action类，和WW2一模一样：

代码

packageexample;

publicclassLoginextendsExampleSupport{

publicStringexecute()throwsException{

if(isInvalid(getUsername()))returnINPUT;

if(isInvalid(getPassword()))returnINPUT;

returnSUCCESS;
}

privatebooleanisInvalid(Stringvalue){
return(value==null||value.length()==0);
}

privateStringusername;

publicStringgetUsername(){
returnusername;
}

publicvoidsetUsername(Stringusername){
this.username=username;
}

privateStringpassword;

publicStringgetPassword(){
returnpassword;
}

publicvoidsetPassword(Stringpassword){
this.password=password;
}

}

7.搞个helloworld类，也和WW2一样：
这里调用了资源文件中的 message, 这里比struts1.X类似功能要直接，会好用一些

代码

packageexample;

/**
*<code>Setwelcomemessage.</code>
*/
publicclassHelloWorldextendsExampleSupport{

publicStringexecute()throwsException{
setMessage(getText(MESSAGE));
returnSUCCESS;
}

/**
*ProvidedefaultvaluieforMessageproperty.
*/
publicstaticfinalStringMESSAGE="HelloWorld.message";

/**
*FieldforMessageproperty.
*/
privateStringmessage;

/**
*ReturnMessageproperty.
*
*@returnMessageproperty
*/
publicStringgetMessage(){
returnmessage;
}

/**
*SetMessageproperty.
*
*@parammessageTexttodisplayonHelloWorldpage.
*/
publicvoidsetMessage(Stringmessage){
this.message=message;
}
}

8。搞个父类出来，这里只是演示用，所以空的

ExampleSupport.java

代码

packageexample;

importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

/**
*BaseActionclassfortheTutorialpackage.
*/
publicclassExampleSupportextendsActionSupport{
}

9。可以测试一下了：

代码

packageexample;

importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.config.entities.ActionConfig;

importjava.util.Map;
importjava.util.Collection;
importjava.util.List;

publicclassLoginTestextendsConfigTest{

publicvoidFIXME_testLoginConfig()throwsException{
ActionConfigconfig=assertClass("example","Login!input","example.Login");
assertResult(config,ActionSupport.SUCCESS,"Menu");
assertResult(config,ActionSupport.INPUT,"/example/Login.jsp");
}

publicvoidtestLoginSubmit()throwsException{
Loginlogin=newLogin();
login.setUsername("username");
login.setPassword("password");
Stringresult=login.execute();
assertSuccess(result);
}

//Needsaccesstoanenvinronmentthatincludesvalidators
publicvoidFIXME_testLoginSubmitInput()throwsException{
Loginlogin=newLogin();
Stringresult=login.execute();
assertInput(result);
Maperrors=assertFieldErrors(login);
assertFieldError(errors,"username","Usernameisrequired.");
assertFieldError(errors,"password","Passwordisrequired.");
}

}

代码

packageexample;

importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
importjunit.framework.TestCase;

publicclassHelloWorldTestextendsTestCase{

publicvoidtestHelloWorld()throwsException{
HelloWorldhello_world=newHelloWorld();
Stringresult=hello_world.execute();
assertTrue("Expectedasuccessresult!",
ActionSupport.SUCCESS.equals(result));
assertTrue("Expectedthedefaultmessage!",
hello_world.getText(HelloWorld.MESSAGE).equals(hello_world.getMessage()));
}
}

代码

packageexample;

importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.config.RuntimeConfiguration;
importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.config.entities.ActionConfig;
importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.config.entities.ResultConfig;
importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider;

importjava.util.Map;
importjava.util.List;

importorg.apache.struts2.StrutsTestCase;

publicclassConfigTestextendsStrutsTestCase{

protectedvoidassertSuccess(Stringresult)throwsException{
assertTrue("Expectedasuccessresult!",
ActionSupport.SUCCESS.equals(result));
}

protectedvoidassertInput(Stringresult)throwsException{
assertTrue("Expectedaninputresult!",
ActionSupport.INPUT.equals(result));
}

protectedMapassertFieldErrors(ActionSupportaction)throwsException{
assertTrue(action.hasFieldErrors());
returnaction.getFieldErrors();
}

protectedvoidassertFieldError(Mapfield_errors,Stringfield_name,Stringerror_message){

Listerrors=(List)field_errors.get(field_name);
assertNotNull("Expectederrorsfor"+field_name,errors);
assertTrue("Expectederrorsfor"+field_name,errors.size()>0);
//TODO:Shouldbealoop
assertEquals(error_message,errors.get(0));

}

protectedvoidsetUp()throwsException{
super.setUp();
XmlConfigurationProviderc=newXmlConfigurationProvider("struts.xml");
configurationManager.addConfigurationProvider(c);
configurationManager.reload();
}

protectedActionConfigassertClass(Stringnamespace,Stringaction_name,Stringclass_name){
RuntimeConfigurationconfiguration=configurationManager.getConfiguration().getRuntimeConfiguration();
ActionConfigconfig=configuration.getActionConfig(namespace,action_name);
assertNotNull("Mssingaction",config);
assertTrue("Wrongclassname:["+config.getClassName()+"]",
class_name.equals(config.getClassName()));
returnconfig;
}

protectedActionConfigassertClass(Stringaction_name,Stringclass_name){
returnassertClass("",action_name,class_name);
}

protectedvoidassertResult(ActionConfigconfig,Stringresult_name,Stringresult_value){
Mapresults=config.getResults();
ResultConfigresult=(ResultConfig)results.get(result_name);
Mapparams=result.getParams();
Stringvalue=(String)params.get("actionName");
if(value==null)
value=(String)params.get("location");
assertTrue("Wrongresultvalue:["+value+"]",
result_value.equals(value));
}

publicvoidtestConfig()throwsException{
assertNotNull(configurationManager);
}

}

哦，测试通过！

10。看看表示层是如何用的？
HelloWorld.jsp

代码

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8"%>
<%@taglibprefix="s"uri="/struts-tags"%>
<html>
<head>
<title><s:textname="HelloWorld.message"/></title>
</head>

<body>
<h2><s:propertyvalue="message"/></h2>

<h3>Languages</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<s:urlid="url"action="HelloWorld">
<s:paramname="request_locale">en</s:param>
</s:url>
<s:ahref="%{url}">English</s:a>
</li>
<li>
<s:urlid="url"action="HelloWorld">
<s:paramname="request_locale">es</s:param>
</s:url>
<s:ahref="%{url}">Espanol</s:a>
</li>
</ul>

</body>
</html>

Login.jsp

代码

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8"%>
<%@taglibprefix="s"uri="/struts-tags"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>SignOn</title>
</head>

<body>
<s:formaction="Login">
<s:textfieldlabel="%{getText('username')}"name="username"/>
<s:passwordlabel="%{getText('password')}"name="password"/>
<s:submit/>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>