yum 命令备查

最近装的服务器都是装centos系统的， 没有了 apt-get 还真有点不习惯了

现在系统软件管理包是用的yum，在网上找了些yum的使用命令，其实也跟我yum -h获得的信息差不多

但是则个比较详细

SYNOPSIS

       yum
 [options] [command] [package ...]

DESCRIPTION

       yum
  is  an interactive, automated update program which can be used for
       maintaining systems using rpm

       command
 is one of:
        * install package1 [package2] [...]
        * update [package1] [package2] [...]
        * check-update
        * upgrade [package1] [package2] [...]
        * remove | erase package1 [package2] [...]
        * list [...]
        * info [...]
        * provides | whatprovides feature1 [feature2] [...]
        * clean [ packages | headers | metadata | cache | dbcache | all ]
        * makecache
        * groupinstall group1 [group2] [...]
        * groupupdate group1 [group2] [...]
        * grouplist [hidden]
        * groupremove group1 [group2] [...]
        * groupinfo group1 [...]
        * search string1 [string2] [...]
        * shell [filename]
        * resolvedep dep1 [dep2] [...]
        * localinstall rpmfile1 [rpmfile2] [...]
        * localupdate rpmfile1 [rpmfile2] [...]
        * deplist package1 [package2] [...]

       Unless the --help or -h option is given, one of the above commands must
       be present.


       install

              Is  used  to install the latest version of a package or group of
              packages while ensuring that all dependencies are satisfied.  If
              no  package  matches the given package name(s), they are assumed
              to be a shell glob and any matches are then installed.


       update
 If run without any packages, update will update every  currently
              installed  package.   If one or more packages are specified, Yum
              will only update the listed packages.  While updating  packages,
              yum
  will  ensure  that  all  dependencies are satisfied.  If no
              package matches the given package name(s), they are  assumed  to
              be a shell glob and any matches are then installed.

              If  the  --obsoletes  flag  is  present yum
 will include package
              obsoletes in its calculations - this makes it  better  for  dis-
              tro-version  changes,  for example: upgrading from somelinux 8.0
              to somelinux 9.


       check-update

              Implemented so you could know if your machine  had  any  updates
              that  needed  to  be  applied  without running it interactively.
              Returns exit value of 100 if there are packages available for an
              update.  Also  returns  a list of the pkgs to be updated in list
              format. Returns 0 and no packages are available for update.


       upgrade

              Is the same as the update command with the --obsoletes flag set.
              See update for more details.


       remove
 or erase

              Are  used  to  remove  the specified packages from the system as
              well as removing any packages which depend on the package  being
              removed.


       list
   Is  used  to  list various information about available packages;
              more complete details are available in the List
 Options
  section
              below.


       provides
 or whatprovides

              Is used to find out which package provides some feature or file.
              Just use a specific name or a file-glob-syntax wildcards to list
              the packages available or installed that provide that feature or
              file.


       search
 Is used to find any packages matching a string in  the  descrip-
              tion,  summary, packager and package name fields of an rpm. Use-
              ful for finding a package you do not know by name  but  know  by
              some word related to it.


       info
   Is  used  to  list  a  description and summary information about
              available packages; takes the same  arguments  as  in  the  List

              Options
 section below.


       clean
  Is  used  to clean up various things which accumulate in the yum

              cache directory over time.  More complete details can  be  found
              in the Clean
 Options
 section below.


       shell
  Is  used  to enter the ’yum shell’, when a filename is specified
              the contents of that file is executed in  yum  shell  mode.  See
              yum-shell(8)
 for more info


       resolvedep

              Is  used  to list packages providing the specified dependencies,
              at most one package is listed per dependency.


       localinstall

              Is used to install a set of local rpm  files.  If  required  the
              enabled repositories will be used to resolve dependencies.


       localupdate

              Is used to update the system by specifying local rpm files. Only
              the specified rpm files of which an  older  version  is  already
              installed  will  be  installed, the remaining specified packages
              will be ignored.  If required the enabled repositories  will  be
              used to resolve dependencies.


       deplist

              Produces  a  list  of all dependencies and what packages provide
              those dependencies for the given packages.

GENERAL OPTIONS

       Most command line options can be set using the  configuration  file  as
       well  and  the descriptions indicate the necessary configuration option
       to set.


       -h,
 --help

              Help; display a help message and then quit.

       -y
     Assume yes; assume that the answer to any question  which  would
              be asked is yes.
              Configuration Option: assume-yes


       -c
 [config
 file]

              Specifies the config file location - can take http, ftp urls and
              local file paths.

       -d
 [number]

              Sets the debugging level to [number] -  turns  up  or  down  the
              amount of things that are printed. Practical range: 0 - 10
              Configuration Option: debuglevel


       -e
 [number]

              Sets the error level to [number] Practical range 0 - 10. 0 means
              print only critical errors about which you must be told. 1 means
              print  all  errors,  even ones that are not overly important. 1+
              means print more errors (if any) -e 0 is good for cron jobs.
              Configuration Option: errorlevel


       -R
 [time
 in
 minutes]

              Sets the maximum amount of time yum will wait before  performing
              a command - it randomizes over the time.

       -C
     Tells  yum  to  run  entirely  from cache - does not download or
              update any headers unless it has to  to  perform  the  requested
              action.

       --version

              Reports the yum
 version number and exits.

       --installroot=root

              Specifies  an  alternative  installroot,  relative  to which all
              packages will be installed.
              Configuration Option: installroot


       --enablerepo=repoidglob

              Enables specific repositories by id or glob that have been  dis-
              abled in the configuration file using the enabled=0 option.
              Configuration Option: enabled


       --disablerepo=repoidglob

              Disables specific repositories by id or glob.
              Configuration Option: enabled


       --obsoletes

              This  option  only  has  affect  for an update, it enables yum
´s
              obsoletes processing logic. For more information see the  update

              command above.
              Configuration Option: obsoletes


       --exclude=package

              Exclude  a  specific package by name or glob from updates on all
              repositories.
              Configuration Option: exclude


       --noplugins

              Run with all plugins disabled.
              Configuration Option: plugins

LIST OPTIONS

       The following are the ways which you can invoke yum
 in list mode.  Note
       that  all list
 commands include information on the version of the pack-
       age.


       yum
 list
 [all
 |
 regexp1]
 [regexp2]
 [...]

              List all available and installed packages.

       yum
 list
 available
 [regexp1]
 [...]

              List all packages  in  the  yum  repositories  available  to  be
              installed.


       yum
 list
 updates
 [regexp1]
 [...]

              List  all  packages  with updates available in the yum reposito-
              ries.


       yum
 list
 installed
 [regexp1]
 [...]

              List the packages specified by args
.  If an  argument  does  not
              match  the  name  of an available package, it is assumed to be a
              shell-style glob and any matches are printed.


       yum
 list
 extras
 [regexp1]
 [...]

              List the packages installed on the system that are not available
              in any yum repository listed in the config file.


       yum
 list
 obsoletes
 [regexp1]
 [...]

              List  the packages installed on the system that are obsoleted by
              packages in any yum repository listed in the config file.


       yum
 list
 recent

              List packages recently added into the repositories.


       Specifying
 package
 names

              All the list options mentioned above take file-glob-syntax wild-
              cards or package names as arguments, for example yum
 list
 avail-

              able
 foo*
 will list all available packages that match foo*.

CLEAN OPTIONS

       The following are the ways which you can invoke yum
 in clean mode.


       yum
 clean
 packages

              Eliminate any cached packages from the system.  Note that  pack-
              ages are not automatically deleted after they are downloaded.


       yum
 clean
 headers

              Eliminate  all  of  the  files  which  yum uses to determine the
              remote availability of packages. Using this  option  will  force
              yum to download all the headers the next time it is run.


       yum
 clean
 all

              Runs yum
 clean
 packages
 and yum
 clean
 headers
 as above.