RMAN 的备份策略

先看一下系统目前的备份策略为何物。

 

RMAN> SHOW ALL;

RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/usr/local/oracle/product/10.2.0/phoenix1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f'; # default

 

RMAN 在Oracle10g中提供两种备份策略 基于时间的和基于冗余数量的。

 

基于时间的，就是告诉Oracle 你想恢复到几天前的，除了开天辟地那一刻 你随便填 但你随便一下试试？

如果我设置成7 就是让RMAN保留可以让数据库恢复到一周内任何一天任何时刻下的文件。 设置如下:

 

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;

 

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

 

RMAN> SHOW ALL;

 

RMAN configuration parameters are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/usr/local/oracle/product/10.2.0/phoenix1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f'; # default

Okay 策略修改完毕 超出这个时间基准线的备份文件将会被RMAN废弃，可以用DELETE OBSOLETE来清理掉。

另一个 就是默认的那个备份策略就是基于冗余数量的，某个数据文件的冗余备份数量超出了指定数量 RMAN将废弃旧的备份，默认是1  你也可以修改过来。

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;

old RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

或者更狠！不要策略！

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO NONE;

old RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO NONE;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

指定完策略后的工作日里就会有部分的备份被标记为废弃的OBSOLETE的，把他们Report出来！

RMAN> REPORT OBSOLETE; -- 我也是在此感叹到为神马计算机文明和奇迹总是诞生在西方世界！

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command

RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1

Report of obsolete backups and copies

Type                 Key    Completion Time    Filename/Handle

-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------

Backup Set           39     29-MAY-12

  Backup Piece       39     29-MAY-12          /usr/local/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2012_05_29/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20120529T115351_7w8l2j2l_.bkp

Backup Set           40     29-MAY-12

  Backup Piece       40     29-MAY-12          /usr/local/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2012_05_29/o1_mf_s_784554833_7w8l2kdv_.bkp

RMAN> DELETE OBSOLETE;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command

RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1

using channel ORA_DISK_1

Deleting the following obsolete backups and copies:

Type                 Key    Completion Time    Filename/Handle

-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------

Backup Set           39     29-MAY-12

  Backup Piece       39     29-MAY-12          /usr/local/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2012_05_29/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20120529T115351_7w8l2j2l_.bkp

Backup Set           40     29-MAY-12

  Backup Piece       40     29-MAY-12          /usr/local/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2012_05_29/o1_mf_s_784554833_7w8l2kdv_.bkp

Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? YES

deleted backup piece

backup piece handle=/usr/local/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2012_05_29/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20120529T115351_7w8l2j2l_.bkp recid=39 stamp=784554832

deleted backup piece

backup piece handle=/usr/local/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2012_05_29/o1_mf_s_784554833_7w8l2kdv_.bkp recid=40 stamp=784554833

Deleted 2 objects

补：无效的备份有两种。手工删除的被标记为EXPIRED，超出备份策略的被标记为OBSOLETE。