Spring Security3.1 最新配置实例

这几天学习了一下Spring Security3.1，从官网下载了Spring Security3.1版本进行练习，经过多次尝试才摸清了其中的一些原理。本人不才，希望能帮助大家。还有，这次我第二次写博客啊，文体不是很行。希望能让观看者不产生疲惫的感觉，我已经心满意足了。
一、数据库结构
     先来看一下数据库结构，采用的是基于角色-资源-用户的权限管理设计。(MySql数据库)
    为了节省篇章，只对比较重要的字段进行注释。
   

1.用户表Users
    CREATE TABLE `users` (
       -- 账号是否有限 1. 是 0.否
       `enable` int(11) default NULL,
       `password` varchar(255) default NULL,
       `account` varchar(255) default NULL,
       `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
       PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
    )
 
   2.角色表Roles
   CREATE TABLE `roles` (
     `enable` int(11) default NULL,
     `name` varchar(255) default NULL,
     `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
     PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
   )
 
   3 用户_角色表users_roles
   CREATE TABLE `users_roles` (
     --用户表的外键
     `uid` int(11) default NULL,
     --角色表的外键
     `rid` int(11) default NULL,
     `urId` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
     PRIMARY KEY  (`urId`),
     KEY `rid` (`rid`),
     KEY `uid` (`uid`),
    CONSTRAINT `users_roles_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`rid`) REFERENCES `roles` (`id`),
    CONSTRAINT `users_roles_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`uid`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`)
   )
 
   4.资源表resources
   CREATE TABLE `resources` (
     `memo` varchar(255) default NULL,
     -- 权限所对应的url地址
     `url` varchar(255) default NULL,
     --优先权
     `priority` int(11) default NULL,
     --类型
     `type` int(11) default NULL,
     --权限所对应的编码，例201代表发表文章
     `name` varchar(255) default NULL,
     `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
     PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
   )
 
   5.角色_资源表roles_resources
    CREATE TABLE `roles_resources` (
      `rsid` int(11) default NULL,
      `rid` int(11) default NULL,
      `rrId` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
      PRIMARY KEY  (`rrId`),
      KEY `rid` (`rid`),
      KEY `roles_resources_ibfk_2` (`rsid`),
      CONSTRAINT `roles_resources_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`rsid`) REFERENCES `resources` (`id`),
      CONSTRAINT `roles_resources_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`rid`) REFERENCES `roles` (`id`)
      )

  二、系统配置
   所需要的jar包，请自行到官网下载，我用的是Spring Security3.1.0.RC1版的。把dist下的除了源码件包导入就行了。还有那些零零碎的   数据库驱动啊，log4j.jar等等，我相信在用Spring Security之前，大家已经会的了。
  1） web.xml

<!-- Spring -->  
  <context-param>  
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml,classpath:applicationContext-security.xml</param-value>  
  </context-param>  
    
      
  <listener>  
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
  </listener>  
  <!-- 权限 -->  
  <filter>  
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>  
            org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy  
        </filter-class>  
   </filter>  
    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping>  

这里主要是配置了让容器启动的时候加载application-security.xml和Spring Security的权限过滤器代理,让其过滤所有的客服请求。
2）application-security.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"  
    xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd">  
                          
    <global-method-security pre-post-annotations="enabled" />   
    <!-- 该路径下的资源不用过滤 -->             
    <http pattern="/js/**" security="none"/>  
    <http use-expressions="true" auto-config="true">  
          
        <form-login />  
        <logout/>  
        <!-- 实现免登陆验证 -->  
        <remember-me />  
        <session-management invalid-session-url="/timeout.jsp">  
            <concurrency-control max-sessions="10" error-if-maximum-exceeded="true" />  
        </session-management>  
        <custom-filter ref="myFilter" before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"/>  
    </http>  
    <!-- 配置过滤器 -->  
    <beans:bean id="myFilter" class="com.huaxin.security.MySecurityFilter">  
        <!-- 用户拥有的权限 -->  
        <beans:property name="authenticationManager" ref="myAuthenticationManager" />  
        <!-- 用户是否拥有所请求资源的权限 -->  
        <beans:property name="accessDecisionManager" ref="myAccessDecisionManager" />  
        <!-- 资源与权限对应关系 -->  
        <beans:property name="securityMetadataSource" ref="mySecurityMetadataSource" />  
    </beans:bean>  
    <!-- 实现了UserDetailsService的Bean -->  
    <authentication-manager alias="myAuthenticationManager">  
        <authentication-provider user-service-ref="myUserDetailServiceImpl" />  
    </authentication-manager>  
    <beans:bean id="myAccessDecisionManager" class="com.huaxin.security.MyAccessDecisionManager"></beans:bean>  
    <beans:bean id="mySecurityMetadataSource" class="com.huaxin.security.MySecurityMetadataSource">  
        <beans:constructor-arg name="resourcesDao" ref="resourcesDao"></beans:constructor-arg>  
    </beans:bean>  
    <beans:bean id="myUserDetailServiceImpl" class="com.huaxin.security.MyUserDetailServiceImpl">  
        <beans:property name="usersDao" ref="usersDao"></beans:property>  
    </beans:bean>  
</beans:beans>  

我们在第二个http标签下配置一个我们自定义的继承了org.springframework.security.access.intercept.AbstractSecurityInterceptor的Filter，并注入其
必须的3个组件authenticationManager、accessDecisionManager和securityMetadataSource。其作用上面已经注释了。

<custom-filter ref="myFilter" before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"/> 这里的FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR是Spring Security默认的Filter，
我们自定义的Filter必须在它之前，过滤客服请求。接下来看下我们最主要的myFilter吧。

3）myFilter
  (1) MySecurityFilter.java 过滤用户请求

public class MySecurityFilter extends AbstractSecurityInterceptor implements Filter {  
    //与applicationContext-security.xml里的myFilter的属性securityMetadataSource对应，  
    //其他的两个组件，已经在AbstractSecurityInterceptor定义  
    private FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource;  
  
    @Override  
    public SecurityMetadataSource obtainSecurityMetadataSource() {  
        return this.securityMetadataSource;  
    }  
  
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,  
            FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {  
        FilterInvocation fi = new FilterInvocation(request, response, chain);  
        invoke(fi);  
    }  
      
    private void invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException, ServletException {  
        // object为FilterInvocation对象  
                  //super.beforeInvocation(fi);源码  
        //1.获取请求资源的权限  
        //执行Collection<ConfigAttribute> attributes = SecurityMetadataSource.getAttributes(object);  
        //2.是否拥有权限  
        //this.accessDecisionManager.decide(authenticated, object, attributes);  
        InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);  
        try {  
            fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());  
        } finally {  
            super.afterInvocation(token, null);  
        }  
    }  
  
    public FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource getSecurityMetadataSource() {  
        return securityMetadataSource;  
    }  
  
    public void setSecurityMetadataSource(FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource) {  
        this.securityMetadataSource = securityMetadataSource;  
    }  
      
    public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
    }  
      
    public void destroy() {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
          
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public Class<? extends Object> getSecureObjectClass() {  
        //下面的MyAccessDecisionManager的supports方面必须放回true,否则会提醒类型错误  
        return FilterInvocation.class;  
    }  
}  

  核心的InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);会调用我们定义的accessDecisionManager:decide(Object object)和securityMetadataSource
  :getAttributes(Object object)方法。

（2）MySecurityMetadataSource.java

//1 加载资源与权限的对应关系  
public class MySecurityMetadataSource implements FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource {  
    //由spring调用  
    public MySecurityMetadataSource(ResourcesDao resourcesDao) {  
        this.resourcesDao = resourcesDao;  
        loadResourceDefine();  
    }  
  
    private ResourcesDao resourcesDao;  
    private static Map<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> resourceMap = null;  
  
    public ResourcesDao getResourcesDao() {  
        return resourcesDao;  
    }  
  
    public void setResourcesDao(ResourcesDao resourcesDao) {  
        this.resourcesDao = resourcesDao;  
    }  
  
    public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAllConfigAttributes() {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
        return null;  
    }  
  
    public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
        return true;  
    }  
    //加载所有资源与权限的关系  
    private void loadResourceDefine() {  
        if(resourceMap == null) {  
            resourceMap = new HashMap<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>>();  
            List<Resources> resources = this.resourcesDao.findAll();  
            for (Resources resource : resources) {  
                Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes = new ArrayList<ConfigAttribute>();  
                                //以权限名封装为Spring的security Object  
                ConfigAttribute configAttribute = new SecurityConfig(resource.getName());  
                configAttributes.add(configAttribute);  
                resourceMap.put(resource.getUrl(), configAttributes);  
            }  
        }  
          
        Set<Entry<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>>> resourceSet = resourceMap.entrySet();  
        Iterator<Entry<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>>> iterator = resourceSet.iterator();  
          
    }  
    //返回所请求资源所需要的权限  
    public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAttributes(Object object) throws IllegalArgumentException {  
          
        String requestUrl = ((FilterInvocation) object).getRequestUrl();  
        System.out.println("requestUrl is " + requestUrl);  
        if(resourceMap == null) {  
            loadResourceDefine();  
        }  
        return resourceMap.get(requestUrl);  
    }  
  
}  

这里的resourcesDao，熟悉Dao设计模式和Spring 注入的朋友应该看得明白。

（3）MyUserDetailServiceImpl.java

public class MyUserDetailServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {  
      
    private UsersDao usersDao;  
    public UsersDao getUsersDao() {  
        return usersDao;  
    }  
  
    public void setUsersDao(UsersDao usersDao) {  
        this.usersDao = usersDao;  
    }  
      
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {  
        System.out.println("username is " + username);  
        Users users = this.usersDao.findByName(username);  
        if(users == null) {  
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException(username);  
        }  
        Collection<GrantedAuthority> grantedAuths = obtionGrantedAuthorities(users);  
          
        boolean enables = true;  
        boolean accountNonExpired = true;  
        boolean credentialsNonExpired = true;  
        boolean accountNonLocked = true;  
          
        User userdetail = new User(users.getAccount(), users.getPassword(), enables, accountNonExpired, credentialsNonExpired, accountNonLocked, grantedAuths);  
        return userdetail;  
    }  
      
    //取得用户的权限  
    private Set<GrantedAuthority> obtionGrantedAuthorities(Users user) {  
        Set<GrantedAuthority> authSet = new HashSet<GrantedAuthority>();  
        Set<Roles> roles = user.getRoles();  
          
        for(Roles role : roles) {  
            Set<Resources> tempRes = role.getResources();  
            for(Resources res : tempRes) {  
                authSet.add(new GrantedAuthorityImpl(res.getName()));  
           }  
        }  
        return authSet;  
    }  
}  

(4) MyAccessDecisionManager.java

public class MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager {  
      
    public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object, Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException {  
        if(configAttributes == null) {  
            return;  
        }  
        //所请求的资源拥有的权限(一个资源对多个权限)  
        Iterator<ConfigAttribute> iterator = configAttributes.iterator();  
        while(iterator.hasNext()) {  
            ConfigAttribute configAttribute = iterator.next();  
            //访问所请求资源所需要的权限  
            String needPermission = configAttribute.getAttribute();  
            System.out.println("needPermission is " + needPermission);  
            //用户所拥有的权限authentication  
            for(GrantedAuthority ga : authentication.getAuthorities()) {  
                if(needPermission.equals(ga.getAuthority())) {  
                    return;  
                }  
            }  
        }  
        //没有权限  
        throw new AccessDeniedException(" 没有权限访问！ ");  
    }  
  
    public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
        return true;  
    }  
  
    public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
        return true;  
    }  
      
}  

三、流程
1）容器启动(MySecurityMetadataSource：loadResourceDefine加载系统资源与权限列表)
2）用户发出请求
3）过滤器拦截(MySecurityFilter:doFilter)
4）取得请求资源所需权限(MySecurityMetadataSource:getAttributes)
5）匹配用户拥有权限和请求权限(MyAccessDecisionManager:decide)，如果用户没有相应的权限，
     执行第6步，否则执行第7步。
6）登录
7）验证并授权(MyUserDetailServiceImpl:loadUserByUsername)
8）重复4,5

我已经把源码上传到CSDN了。http://download.csdn.net/source/3283687
来自：http://blog.csdn.net/k10509806/article/details/6369131