用户操作

MySQL创建用户与授权

2007年06月13日 星期三 13:00

注:我的运行环境是widnows xp professional + MySQL5.0

一, 创建用户:

       命令:CREATE USER ' username'@'host ' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

       说明:username - 你将创建的用户名, host - 指定该用户在哪个主机上可以登陆,如果是本地用户可用localhost, 如果想让该用户可以从任意远程主机登陆,可以使用通配符%. password - 该用户的登陆密码,密码可以为空,如果为空则该用户可以不需要密码登陆服务器.

      例子: CREATE USER ' dog'@'localhost ' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
               CREATE USER ' pig'@'192.168.1.101 _' IDENDIFIED BY '123456';
               CREATE USER ' pig'@'% ' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
               CREATE USER 'pig'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '';
               CREATE USER 'pig'@'%' ;

二,授权:

      命令:GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host'

     说明: privileges - 用户的操作权限,如SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE 等(详细列表见该文最后面).如果要授予所的权限则使用ALL .;databasename - 数据库名,tablename-表名,如果要授予该用户对所有数据库和表的相应操作权限则可用*表示, 如*.*.

      例子: GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON test.user TO 'pig'@'%' ;
               GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'pig'@'%' ;

      注意:用以上命令授权的用户不能给其它用户授权,如果想让该用户可以授权,用以下命令:
           GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host' WITH GRANT OPTION ;

三.设置与更改用户密码

     命令:SET PASSWORD FOR 'username'@'host' = PASSWORD('newpassword'); 如果是当前登陆用户用SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD("newpassword");

      例子: SET PASSWORD FOR 'pig'@'%' = PASSWORD("123456");

四.撤销用户权限

      命令: REVOKE privilege ON databasename.tablename FROM 'username'@'host' ;

     说明: privilege, databasename, tablename - 同授权部分.

      例子: REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM 'pig'@'%' ;

      注意: 假如你在给用户'pig'@'%' 授权的时候是这样的(或类似的):GRANT SELECT ON test.user TO 'pig'@'%' , 则在使用REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM 'pig'@'%' ;命令并不能撤销该用户对test数据库中user表的SELECT 操作.相反,如果授权使用的是GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'pig'@'%' ;则REVOKE SELECT ON test.user FROM 'pig'@'%' ;命令也不能撤销该用户对test数据库中user表的Select 权限.

      具体信息可以用命令SHOW GRANTS FOR 'pig'@'%' ; 查看.

五.删除用户

      命令: DROP USER 'username'@'host' ;

附表:在MySQL中的操作权限

ALTER	Allows use of ALTER TABLE .
ALTER ROUTINE	Alters or drops stored routines.
CREATE	Allows use of CREATE TABLE .
CREATE ROUTINE	Creates stored routines.
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE	Allows use of CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE .
CREATE USER	Allows use of CREATE USER , DROP USER , RENAME USER , and REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES .
CREATE VIEW	Allows use of CREATE VIEW .
DELETE	Allows use of DELETE .
DROP	Allows use of DROP TABLE .
EXECUTE	Allows the user to run stored routines.
FILE	Allows use of SELECT .. . INTO OUTFILE and LOAD DATA INFILE .
INDEX	Allows use of CREATE INDEX and DROP INDEX .
INSERT	Allows use of INSERT .
LOCK TABLES	Allows use of LOCK TABLES on tables for which the user also has SELECT privileges.
PROCESS	Allows use of SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST .
RELOAD	Allows use of FLUSH .
REPLICATION	Allows the user to ask where slave or master
CLIENT	servers are.
REPLICATION SLAVE	Needed for replication slaves.
SELECT	Allows use of SELECT .
SHOW DATABASES	Allows use of SHOW DATABASES .
SHOW VIEW	Allows use of SHOW CREATE VIEW .
SHUTDOWN	Allows use of mysqladmin shutdown .
SUPER	Allows use of CHANGE MASTER , KILL , PURGE MASTER LOGS , and SET GLOBAL SQL statements. Allows mysqladmin debug command. Allows one extra connection to be made if maximum connections are reached.
UPDATE	Allows use of UPDATE .
USAGE	Allows connection without any specific privileges.