Hbase存储数据,由于现在的hadoop
的集群是基于hadoop2.2.0的,本次搭建Hbase集群,是基于底层依赖Hadoop2.2.0的,具体的情况描述如下:
序号 | 机器IP | 角色 | 1 | 192.168.46.32 | Master | 2 | 192.168.46.11 | Slave1 | 3 | 192.168.46.10 | Slave2 |
本次的集群,散仙使用的是Hbase内置的zk,建议生产环境使用外置的zk集群,具体的配置步骤如下:
序号 | 描述 | 1 | Ant,Maven,JDK环境 | 2 | 配置各个机器之间SSH无密码登陆认证 | 3 | 配置底层Hadoop2.2.0的集群,注意需要编译64位的 | 4 | 下载Hbase0.96,无须编译,解压 | 5 | 进入hbase的conf下,配置hbase-env.sh文件 | 6 | 配置conf下的hbase-site.xml文件 | 7 | 配置conf下的regionservers文件 | 8 | 配置完成后,分发到各个节点上 | 9 | 先启动Hadoop集群,确定hadoop集群正常 | 10 | 启动Hbase集群 | 11 | 访问Hbase的60010的web界面,查看是否正常 | 12 | 使用命令bin/hbase shell进入hbase的shell终端,测试 | 13 | 配置Windows下的本地hosts映射(如需在win上查看Hbase) | 14 | 屌丝软件工程师一名 |
hbase-env.sh里面的配置如下,需要配置的地方主要有JDK环境变量的设置,和启动Hbase自带的zk管理:
- #
- #/**
- # * Copyright 2007 The Apache Software Foundation
- # *
- # * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
- # * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
- # * distributed with this work for additional information
- # * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
- # * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
- # * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- # * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
- # *
- # * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- # *
- # * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- # * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- # * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- # * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- # * limitations under the License.
- # */
- # Set environment variables here.
- # This script sets variables multiple times over the course of starting an hbase process,
- # so try to keep things idempotent unless you want to take an even deeper look
- # into the startup scripts (bin/hbase, etc.)
- # The java implementation to use. Java 1.6 required.
- export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
- # Extra Java CLASSPATH elements. Optional.
- # export HBASE_CLASSPATH=
- # The maximum amount of heap to use, in MB. Default is 1000.
- # export HBASE_HEAPSIZE=1000
- # Extra Java runtime options.
- # Below are what we set by default. May only work with SUN JVM.
- # For more on why as well as other possible settings,
- # see http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/PerformanceTuning
- export HBASE_OPTS="-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC"
- # Uncomment one of the below three options to enable java garbage collection logging for the server-side processes.
- # This enables basic gc logging to the .out file.
- # export SERVER_GC_OPTS="-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps"
- # This enables basic gc logging to its own file.
- # If FILE-PATH is not replaced, the log file(.gc) would still be generated in the HBASE_LOG_DIR .
- # export SERVER_GC_OPTS="-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:<FILE-PATH>"
- # This enables basic GC logging to its own file with automatic log rolling. Only applies to jdk 1.6.0_34+ and 1.7.0_2+.
- # If FILE-PATH is not replaced, the log file(.gc) would still be generated in the HBASE_LOG_DIR .
- # export SERVER_GC_OPTS="-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:<FILE-PATH> -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=1 -XX:GCLogFileSize=512M"
- # Uncomment one of the below three options to enable java garbage collection logging for the client processes.
- # This enables basic gc logging to the .out file.
- # export CLIENT_GC_OPTS="-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps"
- # This enables basic gc logging to its own file.
- # If FILE-PATH is not replaced, the log file(.gc) would still be generated in the HBASE_LOG_DIR .
- # export CLIENT_GC_OPTS="-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:<FILE-PATH>"
- # This enables basic GC logging to its own file with automatic log rolling. Only applies to jdk 1.6.0_34+ and 1.7.0_2+.
- # If FILE-PATH is not replaced, the log file(.gc) would still be generated in the HBASE_LOG_DIR .
- # export CLIENT_GC_OPTS="-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:<FILE-PATH> -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=1 -XX:GCLogFileSize=512M"
- # Uncomment below if you intend to use the EXPERIMENTAL off heap cache.
- # export HBASE_OPTS="$HBASE_OPTS -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize="
- # Set hbase.offheapcache.percentage in hbase-site.xml to a nonzero value.
- # Uncomment and adjust to enable JMX exporting
- # See jmxremote.password and jmxremote.access in $JRE_HOME/lib/management to configure remote password access.
- # More details at: http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/management/agent.html
- #
- # export HBASE_JMX_BASE="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false"
- # export HBASE_MASTER_OPTS="$HBASE_MASTER_OPTS $HBASE_JMX_BASE -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=10101"
- # export HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS="$HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS $HBASE_JMX_BASE -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=10102"
- # export HBASE_THRIFT_OPTS="$HBASE_THRIFT_OPTS $HBASE_JMX_BASE -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=10103"
- # export HBASE_ZOOKEEPER_OPTS="$HBASE_ZOOKEEPER_OPTS $HBASE_JMX_BASE -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=10104"
- # export HBASE_REST_OPTS="$HBASE_REST_OPTS $HBASE_JMX_BASE -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=10105"
- # File naming hosts on which HRegionServers will run. $HBASE_HOME/conf/regionservers by default.
- # export HBASE_REGIONSERVERS=${HBASE_HOME}/conf/regionservers
- # Uncomment and adjust to keep all the Region Server pages mapped to be memory resident
- #HBASE_REGIONSERVER_MLOCK=true
- #HBASE_REGIONSERVER_UID="hbase"
- # File naming hosts on which backup HMaster will run. $HBASE_HOME/conf/backup-masters by default.
- # export HBASE_BACKUP_MASTERS=${HBASE_HOME}/conf/backup-masters
- # Extra ssh options. Empty by default.
- # export HBASE_SSH_OPTS="-o ConnectTimeout=1 -o SendEnv=HBASE_CONF_DIR"
- # Where log files are stored. $HBASE_HOME/logs by default.
- # export HBASE_LOG_DIR=${HBASE_HOME}/logs
- # Enable remote JDWP debugging of major HBase processes. Meant for Core Developers
- # export HBASE_MASTER_OPTS="$HBASE_MASTER_OPTS -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=8070"
- # export HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS="$HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=8071"
- # export HBASE_THRIFT_OPTS="$HBASE_THRIFT_OPTS -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=8072"
- # export HBASE_ZOOKEEPER_OPTS="$HBASE_ZOOKEEPER_OPTS -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=8073"
- # A string representing this instance of hbase. $USER by default.
- # export HBASE_IDENT_STRING=$USER
- # The scheduling priority for daemon processes. See 'man nice'.
- # export HBASE_NICENESS=10
- # The directory where pid files are stored. /tmp by default.
- # export HBASE_PID_DIR=/var/hadoop/pids
- # Seconds to sleep between slave commands. Unset by default. This
- # can be useful in large clusters, where, e.g., slave rsyncs can
- # otherwise arrive faster than the master can service them.
- # export HBASE_SLAVE_SLEEP=0.1
- # Tell HBase whether it should manage it's own instance of Zookeeper or not.
- export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=true
- # The default log rolling policy is RFA, where the log file is rolled as per the size defined for the
- # RFA appender. Please refer to the log4j.properties file to see more details on this appender.
- # In case one needs to do log rolling on a date change, one should set the environment property
- # HBASE_ROOT_LOGGER to "<DESIRED_LOG LEVEL>,DRFA".
- # For example:
- # HBASE_ROOT_LOGGER=INFO,DRFA
- # The reason for changing default to RFA is to avoid the boundary case of filling out disk space as
- # DRFA doesn't put any cap on the log size. Please refer to HBase-5655 for more context.
# #/** # * Copyright 2007 The Apache Software Foundation # * # * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one # * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file # * distributed with this work for additional information # * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file # * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the # * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance # * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at # * # * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # * # * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # * limitations under the License. # */ # Set environment variables here. # This script sets variables multiple times over the course of starting an hbase process, # so try to keep things idempotent unless you want to take an even deeper look # into the startup scripts (bin/hbase, etc.) # The java implementation to use. Java 1.6 required. export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk # Extra Java CLASSPATH elements. Optional. # export HBASE_CLASSPATH= # The maximum amount of heap to use, in MB. Default is 1000. # export HBASE_HEAPSIZE=1000 # Extra Java runtime options. # Below are what we set by default. May only work with SUN JVM. # For more on why as well as other possible settings, # see http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/PerformanceTuning export HBASE_OPTS="-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC" # Uncomment one of the below three options to enable java garbage collection logging for the server-side processes. # This enables basic gc logging to the .out file. # export SERVER_GC_OPTS="-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps" # This enables basic gc logging to its own file. # If FILE-PATH is not replaced, the log file(.gc) would still be generated in the HBASE_LOG_DIR . # export SERVER_GC_OPTS="-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:<FILE-PATH>" # This enables basic GC logging to its own file with automatic log rolling. Only applies to jdk 1.6.0_34+ and 1.7.0_2+. # If FILE-PATH is not replaced, the log file(.gc) would still be generated in the HBASE_LOG_DIR . # export SERVER_GC_OPTS="-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:<FILE-PATH> -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=1 -XX:GCLogFileSize=512M" # Uncomment one of the below three options to enable java garbage collection logging for the client processes. # This enables basic gc logging to the .out file. # export CLIENT_GC_OPTS="-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps" # This enables basic gc logging to its own file. # If FILE-PATH is not replaced, the log file(.gc) would still be generated in the HBASE_LOG_DIR . # export CLIENT_GC_OPTS="-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:<FILE-PATH>" # This enables basic GC logging to its own file with automatic log rolling. Only applies to jdk 1.6.0_34+ and 1.7.0_2+. # If FILE-PATH is not replaced, the log file(.gc) would still be generated in the HBASE_LOG_DIR . # export CLIENT_GC_OPTS="-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:<FILE-PATH> -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=1 -XX:GCLogFileSize=512M" # Uncomment below if you intend to use the EXPERIMENTAL off heap cache. # export HBASE_OPTS="$HBASE_OPTS -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=" # Set hbase.offheapcache.percentage in hbase-site.xml to a nonzero value. # Uncomment and adjust to enable JMX exporting # See jmxremote.password and jmxremote.access in $JRE_HOME/lib/management to configure remote password access. # More details at: http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/management/agent.html # # export HBASE_JMX_BASE="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false" # export HBASE_MASTER_OPTS="$HBASE_MASTER_OPTS $HBASE_JMX_BASE -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=10101" # export HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS="$HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS $HBASE_JMX_BASE -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=10102" # export HBASE_THRIFT_OPTS="$HBASE_THRIFT_OPTS $HBASE_JMX_BASE -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=10103" # export HBASE_ZOOKEEPER_OPTS="$HBASE_ZOOKEEPER_OPTS $HBASE_JMX_BASE -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=10104" # export HBASE_REST_OPTS="$HBASE_REST_OPTS $HBASE_JMX_BASE -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=10105" # File naming hosts on which HRegionServers will run. $HBASE_HOME/conf/regionservers by default. # export HBASE_REGIONSERVERS=${HBASE_HOME}/conf/regionservers # Uncomment and adjust to keep all the Region Server pages mapped to be memory resident #HBASE_REGIONSERVER_MLOCK=true #HBASE_REGIONSERVER_UID="hbase" # File naming hosts on which backup HMaster will run. $HBASE_HOME/conf/backup-masters by default. # export HBASE_BACKUP_MASTERS=${HBASE_HOME}/conf/backup-masters # Extra ssh options. Empty by default. # export HBASE_SSH_OPTS="-o ConnectTimeout=1 -o SendEnv=HBASE_CONF_DIR" # Where log files are stored. $HBASE_HOME/logs by default. # export HBASE_LOG_DIR=${HBASE_HOME}/logs # Enable remote JDWP debugging of major HBase processes. Meant for Core Developers # export HBASE_MASTER_OPTS="$HBASE_MASTER_OPTS -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=8070" # export HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS="$HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=8071" # export HBASE_THRIFT_OPTS="$HBASE_THRIFT_OPTS -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=8072" # export HBASE_ZOOKEEPER_OPTS="$HBASE_ZOOKEEPER_OPTS -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=8073" # A string representing this instance of hbase. $USER by default. # export HBASE_IDENT_STRING=$USER # The scheduling priority for daemon processes. See 'man nice'. # export HBASE_NICENESS=10 # The directory where pid files are stored. /tmp by default. # export HBASE_PID_DIR=/var/hadoop/pids # Seconds to sleep between slave commands. Unset by default. This # can be useful in large clusters, where, e.g., slave rsyncs can # otherwise arrive faster than the master can service them. # export HBASE_SLAVE_SLEEP=0.1 # Tell HBase whether it should manage it's own instance of Zookeeper or not. export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=true # The default log rolling policy is RFA, where the log file is rolled as per the size defined for the # RFA appender. Please refer to the log4j.properties file to see more details on this appender. # In case one needs to do log rolling on a date change, one should set the environment property # HBASE_ROOT_LOGGER to "<DESIRED_LOG LEVEL>,DRFA". # For example: # HBASE_ROOT_LOGGER=INFO,DRFA # The reason for changing default to RFA is to avoid the boundary case of filling out disk space as # DRFA doesn't put any cap on the log size. Please refer to HBase-5655 for more context.
hbase-site.xml里面的配置如下:
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
- <!--
- /**
- *
- * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
- * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
- * distributed with this work for additional information
- * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
- * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
- * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
- -->
- <configuration>
- <property>
- <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
- <value>hdfs://192.168.46.32:9000/hbase</value><!--这里必须跟core-site.xml中的配置一样-->
- </property>
- <!-- 开启分布式模式 -->
- <property>
- <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
- <value>true</value>
- </property>
- <!-- 这里是对的,只配置端口,为了配置多个HMaster -->
- <property>
- <name>hbase.master</name>
- <value>192.168.46.32:60000</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>hbase.tmp.dir</name>
- <value>/home/search/hbase/hbasetmp</value>
- </property>
- <!-- Hbase的外置zk集群时,使用下面的zk端口 -->
- <property>
- <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
- <value>192.168.46.32,192.168.46.11,192.168.46.10</value>
- </property>
- </configuration>
<?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <!-- /** * * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file * distributed with this work for additional information * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ --> <configuration> <property> <name>hbase.rootdir</name> <value>hdfs://192.168.46.32:9000/hbase</value><!--这里必须跟core-site.xml中的配置一样--> </property> <!-- 开启分布式模式 --> <property> <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name> <value>true</value> </property> <!-- 这里是对的,只配置端口,为了配置多个HMaster --> <property> <name>hbase.master</name> <value>192.168.46.32:60000</value> </property> <property> <name>hbase.tmp.dir</name> <value>/home/search/hbase/hbasetmp</value> </property> <!-- Hbase的外置zk集群时,使用下面的zk端口 --> <property> <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name> <value>192.168.46.32,192.168.46.11,192.168.46.10</value> </property> </configuration>
regionservers里面的配置如下:
- h1
- h2
- h3
h1 h2 h3
启动后的在Master上进程如下所示:
- 1580 SecondaryNameNode
- 1289 NameNode
- 2662 HMaster
- 2798 HRegionServer
- 1850 NodeManager
- 3414 Jps
- 2569 HQuorumPeer
- 1743 ResourceManager
- 1394 DataNode
1580 SecondaryNameNode 1289 NameNode 2662 HMaster 2798 HRegionServer 1850 NodeManager 3414 Jps 2569 HQuorumPeer 1743 ResourceManager 1394 DataNode
关闭防火墙后,在win上访问Hbase的60010端口,如下所示:
在linu的shell客户端里访问hbase的shell如下所示:
至此,我们的Hbase集群就搭建完毕,下一步我们就可以使用Hbase的shell命令,来测试Hbase的增删改查了,当然我们也可以使用Java API来和Hbase交互,下一篇散仙会给出Java API操作Hbase的一些通用代码。
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HBase构建于Hadoop的HDFS之上,利用Hadoop的分布式存储和计算能力,但其查询性能远超MapReduce。 二、HBase 0.98.12.1版本特性 1. 优化的Region分裂:在0.98.12.1版本中,HBase改进了Region分裂策略,减少了分裂...
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就像Bigtable利用了Google文件系统(File System)所提供的分布式数据存储一样,HBase在Hadoop之上提供了类似于Bigtable的能力。HBase是Apache的Hadoop项目的子项目。HBase不同于一般的关系数据库,它是一个适合于非...
作为Apache Hadoop生态系统的一员,它为大数据处理提供了高效、可扩展的数据存储解决方案。本文将详细阐述如何安装和学习使用HBase 0.98.13-hadoop2版本,并结合Hadoop进行实践。 一、HBase概述 HBase是为海量数据...
大数据企业培训项目:基于SpringMVC+Spring+HBase+Maven构建的Hadoop分布式云系统。使用Hadoop HDFS作为文件存储系统,HBase作为数据存储仓库,Sprin
在使用HBase时,需要注意的一点是,由于其列式存储特性,HBase更适合处理稀疏数据和高并发的读写操作。对于那些需要进行复杂JOIN操作或者对事务有强一致性的需求,可能需要考虑其他数据库系统。 总结来说,HBase是...
HBase是构建在Hadoop之上的分布式数据库,它提供了高可靠性、高性能、可伸缩的列式存储。Hadoop则是一个开源框架,用于存储和处理大规模数据。Hadoop的版本选择必须与HBase兼容,因为HBase依赖于Hadoop的HDFS...