Android中发送Http请求实例

Android中发送Http请求实例（包括文件上传、servlet接收）

http, post, 上传文件
本帖最后由 xinke7hao 于 2010-6-12 13:43 编辑


前天开始要准备实现手机端往服务器传参数，还要能传附件，找了不少文章和资料，现在总结一下分享分享：代码中的catch什么的就省略了，尝试了图片、txt、xml是没问题的.. 各位 尽情拍砖吧。

发完发现代码部分的格式……这个编辑器不太会用，怎么感觉把换行都去掉了,处理好换行缩进也……

首先我是写了个java工程测试发送post请求：可以包含文本参数和文件参数****************************************************
/**
* 通过http协议提交数据到服务端，实现表单提交功能，包括上传文件
* @param actionUrl 上传路径
* @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
* @param file 上传文件
*/
public static void postMultiParams(String actionUrl, Map<String, String> params, FormBean[] files) {
try {
PostMethod post = new PostMethod(actionUrl);
List<art> formParams = new ArrayList<art>();
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
formParams.add(new StringPart(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}

if(files!=null)
for(FormBean file : files){
//filename为在服务端接收时希望保存成的文件名，filepath是本地文件路径(包括了源文件名)，filebean中就包含了这俩属性
formParams.add(new FilePart("file", file.getFilename(), new File(file.getFilepath())));
}

Part[] parts = new Part[formParams.size()];
Iterator<art> pit = formParams.iterator();
int i=0;

while(pit.hasNext()){
parts[i++] = pit.next();
}
//如果出现乱码可以尝试一下方式
//StringPart sp = new StringPart("TEXT", "testValue", "GB2312"); 
//FilePart fp = new FilePart("file", "test.txt", new File("./temp/test.txt"), null, "GB2312"
//postMethod.getParams().setContentCharset("GB2312");

MultipartRequestEntity mrp = new MultipartRequestEntity(parts, post.getParams());
post.setRequestEntity(mrp);

//execute post method
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
int code = client.executeMethod(post);
System.out.println(code);
} catch ...
}
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通过以上代码可以成功的模拟java客户端发送post请求，服务端也能接收并保存文件
java端测试的main方法：
public static void main(String[] args){
String actionUrl = "http://192.168.0.123:8080/WSserver/androidUploadServlet";
Map<String, String> strParams = new HashMap<String, String>();
strParams.put("paramOne", "valueOne");
strParams.put("paramTwo", "valueTwo");
FormBean[] files = new FormBean[]{new FormBean("dest1.xml", "F:/testpostsrc/main.xml")};
HttpTool.postMultiParams(actionUrl,strParams,files);
}
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本以为大功告成了，结果一移植到android工程中，编译是没有问题的。
但是运行时抛了异常 先是说找不到PostMethod类，org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod这个类绝对是有包含的；
还有个异常就是VerifyError。 开发中有几次碰到这个异常都束手无策，觉得是SDK不兼容还是怎么地，哪位知道可得跟我说说～～
于是看网上有直接分析http request的内容构建post请求的，也有找到带上传文件的，拿下来运行老是有些问题，便直接通过运行上面的java工程发送的post请求，在servlet中打印出请求内容，然后对照着拼接字符串和流终于给实现了！代码如下：
***********************************************************
/**
* 通过拼接的方式构造请求内容，实现参数传输以及文件传输
* @param actionUrl
* @param params
* @param files
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String post(String actionUrl, Map<String, String> params,
Map<String, File> files) throws IOException {

String BOUNDARY = java.util.UUID.randomUUID().toString();
String PREFIX = "--" , LINEND = "\r\n";
String MULTIPART_FROM_DATA = "multipart/form-data";
String CHARSET = "UTF-8";

URL uri = new URL(actionUrl);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) uri.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(5 * 1000); // 缓存的最长时间
conn.setDoInput(true);// 允许输入
conn.setDoOutput(true);// 允许输出
conn.setUseCaches(false); // 不允许使用缓存
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "keep-alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("Charsert", "UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", MULTIPART_FROM_DATA + ";boundary=" + BOUNDARY);

// 首先组拼文本类型的参数
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
sb.append(PREFIX);
sb.append(BOUNDARY);
sb.append(LINEND);
sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + entry.getKey() + "\"" + LINEND);
sb.append("Content-Type: text/plain; charset=" + CHARSET+LINEND);
sb.append("Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit" + LINEND);
sb.append(LINEND);
sb.append(entry.getValue());
sb.append(LINEND);
}

DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
outStream.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
// 发送文件数据
if(files!=null)
for (Map.Entry<String, File> file: files.entrySet()) {
StringBuilder sb1 = new StringBuilder();
sb1.append(PREFIX);
sb1.append(BOUNDARY);
sb1.append(LINEND);
sb1.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\""+file.getKey()+"\""+LINEND);
sb1.append("Content-Type: application/octet-stream; charset="+CHARSET+LINEND);
sb1.append(LINEND);
outStream.write(sb1.toString().getBytes());

InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file.getValue());
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
}

is.close();
outStream.write(LINEND.getBytes());
}

//请求结束标志
byte[] end_data = (PREFIX + BOUNDARY + PREFIX + LINEND).getBytes();
outStream.write(end_data);
outStream.flush();
// 得到响应码
int res = conn.getResponseCode();
if (res == 200) {
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
int ch;
StringBuilder sb2 = new StringBuilder();
while ((ch = in.read()) != -1) {
sb2.append((char) ch);
}
}
outStream.close();
conn.disconnect();
return in.toString();
}
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**********************
button响应中的代码：
**********************
public void onClick(View v){
String actionUrl = getApplicationContext().getString(R.string.wtsb_req_upload);
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("strParamName", "strParamValue");
Map<String, File> files = new HashMap<String, File>();
files.put("tempAndroid.txt", new File("/sdcard/temp.txt"));
try {
HttpTool.postMultiParams(actionUrl, params, files);
} catch ...
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***************************
服务器端servlet代码：
***************************
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {

//print request.getInputStream to check request content
//HttpTool.printStreamContent(request.getInputStream());

RequestContext req = new ServletRequestContext(request);
if(FileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)){
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
ServletFileUpload fileUpload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
fileUpload.setFileSizeMax(FILE_MAX_SIZE);

List items = new ArrayList();
try {
items = fileUpload.parseRequest(request);
} catch ...

Iterator it = items.iterator();
while(it.hasNext()){
FileItem fileItem = (FileItem)it.next();
if(fileItem.isFormField()){
System.out.println(fileItem.getFieldName()+" "+fileItem.getName()+" "+new String(fileItem.getString().getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"GBK"));
} else {
System.out.println(fileItem.getFieldName()+" "+fileItem.getName()+" "+
fileItem.isInMemory()+" "+fileItem.getContentType()+" "+fileItem.getSize());
if(fileItem.getName()!=null && fileItem.getSize()!=0){
File fullFile = new File(fileItem.getName());
File newFile = new File(FILE_SAVE_PATH+fullFile.getName());
try {
fileItem.write(newFile);
} catch ...
} else {
System.out.println("no file choosen or empty file");
}
}
}
}
}

public void init() throws ServletException {
//读取在web.xml中配置的init-param  
FILE_MAX_SIZE = Long.parseLong(this.getInitParameter("file_max_size"));//上传文件大小限制 
FILE_SAVE_PATH = this.getInitParameter("file_save_path");//文件保存位置
}