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xStream学习xml,JASON,JAVA对象转换

xml 
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       xStream不仅对XML的转换非常友好,而且提供annotation注解,可以在JavaBean中完成对xml节点、属性的描述。以及对JSON也支持,只需要提供相关的JSONDriver就可以完成转换。

 

       准备工作jar文件的下载:https://nexus.codehaus.org/content/repositories/releases/com/thoughtworks/xstream/xstream-distribution/1.3.1/xstream-distribution-1.3.1-bin.zip

 

   1  用Junit作为测试工具

//junit 测试类 
public class XStreamTest {
    
    private XStream xstream = null;
    private ObjectOutputStream  out = null;
    private ObjectInputStream in = null;
    private Student bean = null;
    
    /**
     * <b>function:</b>初始化资源准备
     * @author hoojo
     * @createDate Nov 27, 2010 12:16:28 PM
     */
    @Before
    public void init() {
        try {
            xstream = new XStream();
            //xstream = new XStream(new DomDriver()); // 需要xpp3 jar
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        bean = new Student();
        bean.setAddress("china");
        bean.setEmail("jack@email.com");
        bean.setId(1);
        bean.setName("jack");
        Birthday day = new Birthday();
        day.setBirthday("2010-11-22");
        bean.setBirthday(day);
    }
    
    /**
     * <b>function:</b>释放对象资源
     */
    @After
    public void destory() {
        xstream = null;
        bean = null;
        try {
            if (out != null) {
                out.flush();
                out.close();
            }
            if (in != null) {
                in.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.gc();
    }
 
    
    public final void fail(String string) {
        System.out.println(string);
    }
    
    public final void failRed(String string) {
        System.err.println(string);
    }
}
  

 

    需要的基础实体类 

public class Birthday {
	private String birthday;
}

 

package xstream;

public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String email;
    private String address;
    private Birthday birthday;
    //getter、setter
    public String toString() {
        return this.name + "#" + this.id + "#" + this.address + "#" + this.birthday + "#" + this.email;
    }

}

 

   二 测试java类转为xml方法

 

   1 实体bean转换成XML

    @Test
    public void writeBean2XML() {
        try {
            fail("------------Bean->XML------------");
            fail(xstream.toXML(bean));
            fail("重命名后的XML");
            //类重命名
            //xstream.alias("account", Student.class);
            //xstream.alias("生日", Birthday.class);
            //xstream.aliasField("生日", Student.class, "birthday");
            //xstream.aliasField("生日", Birthday.class, "birthday");
            //fail(xstream.toXML(bean));
            //属性重命名
//            xstream.aliasField("邮件", Student.class, "email");
            //包重命名
//            xstream.aliasPackage("xstream", "com.hoo.entity");
            fail(xstream.toXML(bean));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

 

   测试答应的xml文档 其中 第二个xml中的报名是被重命名的

------------Bean->XML------------
<xstream.Student>
  <id>1</id>
  <name>jack</name>
  <email>jack@email.com</email>
  <address>china</address>
  <birthday>
    <birthday>2010-11-22</birthday>
  </birthday>
</xstream.Student>
重命名后的XML
<xstream__rename.Student>
  <id>1</id>
  <name>jack</name>
  <email>jack@email.com</email>
  <address>china</address>
  <birthday>
    <birthday>2010-11-22</birthday>
  </birthday>
</xstream__rename.Student>

 2、 将List集合转换成xml文档

 

 

 

  @Test
    public void writeList2XML() {

        try {

            //修改元素名称

            xstream.alias("beans", ListBean.class);
            xstream.alias("student", Student.class);
            fail("----------List-->XML----------");
            
            ListBean listBean = new ListBean();
            listBean.setName("this is a List Collection");
            
            List<Object> list = new ArrayList<Object>();
            list.add(bean);
            list.add(bean);//引用bean 这个bean和第一个bean相同 
            //list.add(listBean);//引用listBean,父元素

            bean = new Student();
            bean.setAddress("china");
            bean.setEmail("tom@125.com");
            bean.setId(2);
            bean.setName("tom");
            Birthday day = new Birthday("2010-11-22");
            bean.setBirthday(day);

            list.add(bean);
            listBean.setList(list);
            //将ListBean中的集合设置空元素,即不显示集合元素标签
            //xstream.addImplicitCollection(ListBean.class, "list");
            //设置reference模型
            //xstream.setMode(XStream.NO_REFERENCES);//不引用
            xstream.setMode(XStream.ID_REFERENCES);//id引用
            //xstream.setMode(XStream.XPATH_ABSOLUTE_REFERENCES);//绝对路径引用
            //将name设置为父类(Student)的元素的属性
            xstream.useAttributeFor(Student.class, "name");
            xstream.useAttributeFor(Birthday.class, "birthday");
            //修改属性的name
            xstream.aliasAttribute("姓名", "name");
            xstream.aliasField("生日", Birthday.class, "birthday");
            fail(xstream.toXML(listBean));

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

 

 

   输出的结果

 

 

----------List-->XML----------
<beans id="1">
  <name>this is a List Collection</name>
  <list id="2">
    <student id="3" 姓名="jack">
      <id>1</id>
      <email>jack@email.com</email>
      <address>china</address>
      <birthday id="4" 生日="2010-11-22"/>
    </student>
    <student reference="3"/>
    <student id="5" 姓名="tom">
      <id>2</id>
      <email>tom@125.com</email>
      <address>china</address>
      <birthday id="6" 生日="2010-11-22"/>
    </student>
  </list>
</beans>

 

 

     如果不加xstream.addImplicitCollection(ListBean.class, "list");

这个设置的话,会出现一个List节点包裹着Student节点元素。添加addImplicitCollection可以忽略这个list节点元素。那么上面的list节点就不存在,只会在beans元素中出现name、student这2个xml元素标签;

setMode是设置相同的对象的引用方式,如果设置XStream.NO_REFERENCES就是不引用,会输出2分相同的Student元素。如果是XStream.ID_REFERENCES会引用相同的那个对象的id属性,如果是XStream.XPATH_ABSOLUTE_REFERENCES引用,那么它将显示xpath路径。上面采用的id引用,<student reference="3"/>这个引用了id=3的那个student标签元素;

useAttributeFor是设置某个节点显示到父节点的属性中,也就是将指定class中的指定属性,在这个class元素节点的属性中显示。

如:<student><name>hoojo</name></student>

设置好后就是这样的结果:<student name=”hoojo”></student>

aliasAttribute是修改属性名称。 

 

 3   在JavaBean中添加Annotation注解进行重命名设置

 

 

@XStreamAlias("class")
public class Classes {

	/*
	 * 设置属性显示
	 */

	@XStreamAsAttribute
	@XStreamAlias("名称")
	private String name;

	/*
	 * 忽略
	 */
	@XStreamOmitField
	private int number;

	@XStreamImplicit(itemFieldName = "Students")
	private List<Student> students;

	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
	@XStreamConverter(SingleValueCalendarConverter.class)
	private Calendar created = new GregorianCalendar();

	public Classes() {
	}

	public Classes(String name, Student... stu) {
		this.name = name;
		this.students = Arrays.asList(stu);
	}
    //set get

}

  SingleValueCalendarConverter.java这个是一个类型转换器

 

   

import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.Converter;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.MarshallingContext;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.UnmarshallingContext;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamReader;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamWriter;

public class SingleValueCalendarConverter implements Converter {

	public void marshal(Object source, HierarchicalStreamWriter writer,

	MarshallingContext context) {
		Calendar calendar = (Calendar) source;
		writer.setValue(String.valueOf(calendar.getTime().getTime()));
	}

	public Object unmarshal(HierarchicalStreamReader reader,
	UnmarshallingContext context) {
		GregorianCalendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar();
		calendar.setTime(new Date(Long.parseLong(reader.getValue())));
		return calendar;
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public boolean canConvert(Class type) {
		return type.equals(GregorianCalendar.class);

	}

}

  

 

测试用例代码

 

 

    @Test
    public void writeList2XML4Annotation() {
        try {
            failRed("---------annotation Bean --> XML---------");
            Student stu = new Student();
            stu.setName("jack");
            Classes c = new Classes("一班", bean, stu);
            c.setNumber(2);
            //对指定的类使用Annotation
            //xstream.processAnnotations(Classes.class);
            //启用Annotation
            //xstream.autodetectAnnotations(true);
            xstream.alias("student", Student.class);
            fail(xstream.toXML(c));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

 当启用annotation或是对某个特定的类启用annotation时,上面的classes这个类才有效果。如果不启用annotation,运行后结果如下

  

---------annotation Bean --> XML---------
<xstream.Classes>
  <name>一班</name>
  <number>2</number>
  <students class="java.util.Arrays$ArrayList">
    <a class="student-array">
      <student>
        <id>1</id>
        <name>jack</name>
        <email>jack@email.com</email>
        <address>china</address>
        <birthday>
          <birthday>2010-11-22</birthday>
        </birthday>
      </student>
      <student>
        <id>0</id>
        <name>jack</name>
      </student>
    </a>
  </students>
  <created>
    <time>1361861808921</time>
    <timezone>Asia/Shanghai</timezone>
  </created>
</xstream.Classes>

 当启用annotation后xstream.processAnnotations(Classes.class),结果如下:

 

---------annotation Bean --> XML---------
<class 名称="一班">
  <Students>
    <id>1</id>
    <name>jack</name>
    <email>jack@email.com</email>
    <address>china</address>
    <birthday>
      <birthday>2010-11-22</birthday>
    </birthday>
  </Students>
  <Students>
    <id>0</id>
    <name>jack</name>
  </Students>
  <created>1303292242937</created>
</class>

 

    4 Map 转换为XML

	@Test
	public void writeMap2XML() {

		try {
			failRed("---------Map --> XML---------");
			Map<String, Student> map = new HashMap<String, Student>();
			map.put("No.1", bean);// put
			bean = new Student();
			bean.setAddress("china");
			bean.setEmail("tom@125.com");
			bean.setId(2);
			bean.setName("tom");
			Birthday day = new Birthday("2010-11-22");
			bean.setBirthday(day);
			map.put("No.2", bean);// put
			
			bean = new Student();
			bean.setName("jack");
			map.put("No.3", bean);// put

			xstream.alias("student", Student.class);
			xstream.alias("key", String.class);
			xstream.useAttributeFor(Student.class, "id");
			xstream.useAttributeFor("birthday", String.class);
			fail(xstream.toXML(map));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

 

 

 

  5、 用OutStream输出流写XML

	@Test
	public void writeXML4OutStream() {

	    try {
	        out = xstream.createObjectOutputStream(System.out);
	        Student stu = new Student();
	        stu.setName("jack");
	        Classes c = new Classes("一班", bean, stu);
	        c.setNumber(2);
	        failRed("---------ObjectOutputStream # JavaObject--> XML---------");
	        out.writeObject(stu);
	        out.writeObject(new Birthday("2010-05-33"));
	        out.write(22);//byte
	        out.writeBoolean(true);
	        out.writeFloat(22.f);
	        out.writeUTF("hello");
	    } catch (Exception e) {
	        e.printStackTrace();
	    }
	}

 

使用输出流后,可以通过流对象完成xml的构建,即使没有JavaBean对象,你可以用流来构建一个复杂的xml文档,运行后结果如下:

 

 

---------ObjectOutputStream # JavaObject--> XML---------
<object-stream>
  <xstream.Student>
    <id>0</id>
    <name>jack</name>
  </xstream.Student>
  <xstream.Birthday>
    <birthday>2010-05-33</birthday>
  </xstream.Birthday>
  <byte>22</byte>
  <boolean>true</boolean>
  <float>22.0</float>
  <string>hello</string>
</object-stream>

 

 三、XML内容转换Java对象

 

1、 用InputStream将XML文档转换成java对象  

 

	 @Test
	 public void readXML4InputStream() {
	     try {
	         String s = "<object-stream><xstream.Student><id>0</id><name>jack</name>" +
	           "</xstream.Student><xstream.Birthday><birthday>2010-05-33</birthday>" +
	           "</xstream.Birthday><byte>22</byte><boolean>true</boolean><float>22.0</float>" +
	           "<string>hello</string></object-stream>";
	         
	         failRed("---------ObjectInputStream## XML --> javaObject---------");
	         
	         StringReader reader = new StringReader(s);
	         in = xstream.createObjectInputStream(reader);
	         Student stu = (Student) in.readObject();
	         Birthday b = (Birthday) in.readObject();
	         byte i = in.readByte();
	         boolean bo = in.readBoolean();
	         float f = in.readFloat();
	         String str = in.readUTF();
	         System.out.println(stu);
	         System.out.println(b);
	         System.out.println(i);
	         System.out.println(bo);
	         System.out.println(f);
	         System.out.println(str);
	     } catch (Exception e) {
	         e.printStackTrace();
	     }
	 }

 

 读取后,转换的Java对象,结果如下

 

---------ObjectInputStream## XML --> javaObject---------
jack#0#null#null#null
xstream.Birthday@1786e64
22
true
22.0
hello

 

 

 

四、XStreamJSON的支持

xStream对JSON也有非常好的支持,它提供了2个模型驱动。用这2个驱动可以完成Java对象到JSON的相互转换。使用JettisonMappedXmlDriver驱动,将Java对象转换成json,需要添加jettison.jar  

1、 用JettisonMappedXmlDriver完成Java对象到JSON的转换

 

	 @Test
	 public void writeEntity2JETTSON() {
	     failRed("=======JettisonMappedXmlDriver===JavaObject >>>> JaonString=========");
	     xstream = new XStream(new JettisonMappedXmlDriver());
	     xstream.setMode(XStream.NO_REFERENCES);
	     xstream.alias("student", Student.class);
	     fail(xstream.toXML(bean));
	 }

 

  测试结果:

=======JettisonMappedXmlDriver===JavaObject >>>> JaonString=========
{"student":{"id":1,"name":"jack","email":"jack@email.com","address":"china","birthday":[{},"2010-11-22"]}}

 JSON的转换和XML的转换用法一样,只是创建XStream需要传递一个参数,这个参数就是xml到JSON映射转换的驱动。这里会涉及到两个驱动,分别是JettisonMappedXmlDriver、JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver。

 

 

 

 

2、 JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver完成Java对象到JSON的转换  

	 @Test
	 public void writeEntiry2JSON() {
	     failRed("======JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver====JavaObject >>>> JaonString=========");
	     xstream = new XStream(new JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver());
	     //xstream.setMode(XStream.NO_REFERENCES);
	     xstream.alias("student", Student.class);
	     failRed("-------Object >>>> JSON---------");
	     fail(xstream.toXML(bean));
	     //failRed("========JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver==删除根节点=========");
	     //删除根节点
	     xstream = new XStream(new JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver() {
	         public HierarchicalStreamWriter createWriter(Writer out) {
	             return new JsonWriter(out, JsonWriter.DROP_ROOT_MODE);
	         }
	     });
	     //xstream.setMode(XStream.NO_REFERENCES);
	     xstream.alias("student", Student.class);
	     fail(xstream.toXML(bean));
	 }

  运行结果 

======JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver====JavaObject >>>> JaonString=========
-------Object >>>> JSON---------
{"student": {
  "id": 1,
  "name": "jack",
  "email": "jack@email.com",
  "address": "china",
  "birthday": {
    "birthday": "2010-11-22"
  }
}}
{
  "id": 1,
  "name": "jack",
  "email": "jack@email.com",
  "address": "china",
  "birthday": {
    "birthday": "2010-11-22"
  }
}

 使用JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver转换默认会给转换后的对象添加一个根节点,但是在构建JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver驱动的时候,你可以重写createWriter方法,删掉根节点。

看上面的结果,一个是默认带根节点的JSON对象,它只是将类名作为一个属性,将对象作为该属性的一个值。而另一个没有带根属性的JSON就是通过重写createWriter方法完成的。  

 

 

	@Test
	public void writeList2JSON() {

		failRed("======JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver====JavaObject >>>> JaonString=========");
		JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver driver = new JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver();
		xstream = new XStream(driver);
		// xstream = new XStream(new JettisonMappedXmlDriver());//转换错误
		// xstream.setMode(XStream.NO_REFERENCES);
		xstream.alias("student", Student.class);
		List<Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>();
		list.add(bean);// add
		bean = new Student();
		bean.setAddress("china");
		bean.setEmail("tom@125.com");
		bean.setId(2);
		bean.setName("tom");
		Birthday day = new Birthday("2010-11-22");
		bean.setBirthday(day);
		list.add(bean);// add
		bean = new Student();
		bean.setName("jack");
		list.add(bean);// add
		fail(xstream.toXML(list));
		// failRed("========JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver==删除根节点=========");
		// 删除根节点
		xstream = new XStream(new JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver() {
			public HierarchicalStreamWriter createWriter(Writer out) {
				return new JsonWriter(out, JsonWriter.DROP_ROOT_MODE);
			}
		});
		xstream.alias("student", Student.class);
		fail(xstream.toXML(list));
	}

 

上面的list1是使用JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver 转换的,当然你也可以使用JettisonMappedXmlDriver驱动进行转换;用JettisonMappedXmlDriver转换后,你会发现格式不同而且没有根属性。  

  

 

 4、 Map转换json

	@Test
	public void writeMap2JSON() {

		failRed("======JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver==== Map >>>> JaonString=========");
		xstream = new XStream(new JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver());
		// xstream = new XStream(new JettisonMappedXmlDriver());
		xstream.alias("student", Student.class);
		Map<String, Student> map = new HashMap<String, Student>();
		map.put("No.1", bean);// put
		bean = new Student();
		bean.setAddress("china");
		bean.setEmail("tom@125.com");
		bean.setId(2);
		bean.setName("tom");
		bean.setBirthday(new Birthday("2010-11-21"));
		map.put("No.2", bean);// put
		bean = new Student();
		bean.setName("jack");
		map.put("No.3", bean);// put
		fail(xstream.toXML(map));

		// failRed("========JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver==删除根节点=========");
		// 删除根节点
		xstream = new XStream(new JsonHierarchicalStreamDriver() {
			public HierarchicalStreamWriter createWriter(Writer out) {
				return new JsonWriter(out, JsonWriter.DROP_ROOT_MODE);
			}
		});
		xstream.alias("student", Student.class);
		fail(xstream.toXML(map));
	}

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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