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1、问题: 不依靠XCode带的额外特性,只想用Terminal来构建一个简单的Objective-C程序。这个程序将利用Objective-C向Mac的terminal console window上输出一段消息。   2、解决方案 用你喜欢的文本编辑器在你的主目录中创建一个文件,/Users/[yourusername]/。比如vi或Mac带的图形化的TextEdit——请确保要保存为纯文本。   在该文件中加一个main函数,导入Foundation框架。   编译:用工具clang。就能够创建一个可执行文件,可以从terminal screen中运行该文件。   3 ...
前一章中,介绍了许多基础知识:如何创建、启动、终结、命名线程、监控生命周期,等等。然而,那一章的例子讲解的线程或多或少是独立的:在它们之间不需要共享数据。   但在有些例子中,我们需要让一个线程能够做出判断:其他线程是否完成了它们的任务(也就是那个done标记)。在其他例子中,我们需要改变被用在动画canvas中的字符变量;这是由一个不同于重画canvas的Swing线程的一个线程完成的。当时,我们掩饰了细节,这可能会给你一个暗示它们不重要。然而,我们必须要理解,就是当2个线程共享数据时,复杂度会增加。不管我们是正在实现一个大型共享数据库还是仅仅共享一个done标记,这些复杂性必须要考虑 ...
下面的话摘自Java Persistence with Hibernate!   面向对象术语中,聚合(aggregation)—— 是一种part-of关系。聚合是一种强类型的关联(association); it has some additional semantics with regard to the lifecycle of objects。   组合(composition),是一种比聚合还要强类型的关联,部分要完全依赖于整体的生命周期。
Every JavaScript object has a second JavaScript object (or null, but this is rare) associate with it. This second object is known as a prototype, and the first object inherits properties from the prototype.   All objects created by object literals have the same prototype object, and we can refer t ...
When setting up a Hadoop cluster, you'll need to designate one specific node as the master node. This server will typically host the NameNode and JobTraker daemons. It'll also serve as the base station contacting and activating the DataNode and TaskTracker daemons on all of the slave nodes.   Had ...
For most of this book, my examples are going to focus on XML protocols. These are XML applications used for machine-to-machine exchange of information exchange across the Internet over HTTP.   Three such XML protocol applications are of particular interest: RSS、XML-RPC、SOAP.   RSS: is used to e ...
Ivy files describe the dependencies of a Java library or application, something they term a module.    Every module or child project in a big application has its own ivy.xml file. This file lists what configurations the module has, such as compile, test, standalone, or embedded.   Each configu ...
An Activity is a single focused thing that the user can do.   Typically an Activity will correspond to a screen in an application. but keep in mind that an Activity can also be a floating window on top of another Activity.   An application is typically composed of a set of components, including ...
The class android.view.View is the base class for UI objects in Android.   There are three major types of views: SurfaceView ViewGroup Widget   SurfaceView: provides a direct drawing surface. ViewGroup: are an abstraction of layouts and other view containers. Widget: are the classic UI comp ...
An Application object has a well-defined lifecycle and can be used as a data structure for holding an application's global state.It's created when the process for your application is created, and it isn't bound to a particular Activity or Service. This means it's a great and extemely simple way to ...
One area where Android shines is the flexibility it provides in communicating between components, and sharing data between them. 利用的就是Intent- and IntentFilter-based events.   Intent: is a description of an action you want to happen. IntentFilter: is a means for a component to declare it's capabl ...
Android ships with SQLite, a fully transactional database engine based on the SQL-92 standard.   First, SQLite doesn't require a client-server architecture. SQLite can be embedded directly with the application that uses it, communicating with it via simple function calls instead of complex IPC me ...
Android comes equipped with WebKit, a complete HTML rendering engine also used in Apple's Safari and Google's Chrome.   WebKit supports CSS Level 3 stylesheets and also sports a performant JavaScript engine(Google's V8, which outperforms most other JavaScript VMs in many head-to-head comparison ...
If you want to leverage your web development skills to build Android apps, another interesting option is  available: WebViews.   Android provides the android.webkit.WebView, a View that shows a web page. It uses the popular open source WebKit library to render web content. WebKit is a C++ librar ...
The enterprise has always focused on providing solutions that enable its users to access important data in a variety of ways.   PhoneGap/Cordova is a framework that enables the enterprise to target multiple smartphone platforms with a single code base using technologies the enterprise is already ...
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