解决PKIX：unable to find valid certification path to requested target 的问题

这两天在外网调用webservice的时候报这个异常

e: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target 

经过检查确认，完整的异常信息应该如下：

javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target

在内网调用的时候是没有问题的，后来仔细检查发现啦一个问题，外网是使用的是HTTS，内网使用的是HTTP，而HTTS是加密协议需要数字证书才能访问

 

所以问题的根本是：

缺少安全证书时出现的异常。

解决问题方法：

将你要访问的webservice/url....的安全认证证书导入到客户端即可。

 

以下是获取安全证书的一种方法，通过以下程序获取安全证书：

 

package com.fangxin;

/*
 * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
 * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

public class InstallCert {


	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		
		/**
		 * 例如调用的webservice的地址是 <br/>
		 * https://5454.43.33.120:3333/wssw-webservice/services/FpzxService <br/>
		 * 则：host:5454.43.33.120 <br/>
		 *     port:3333 <br/>
		 */
		//调用的webservice URL的主机名
		String host;
		//调用的webservice URL的端口号
		int port;
		char[] passphrase;
		if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
			String[] c = args[0].split(":");
			host = c[0];
			port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
			String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
			passphrase = p.toCharArray();
		} else {
			System.out
					.println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");
			return;
		}

		File file = new File("jssecacerts");
		if (file.isFile() == false) {
			char SEP = File.separatorChar;
			File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib"
					+ SEP + "security");
			file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
			if (file.isFile() == false) {
				file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
			}
		}
		System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
		InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
		KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
		ks.load(in, passphrase);
		in.close();

		SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
		TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory
				.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
		tmf.init(ks);
		X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf
				.getTrustManagers()[0];
		SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
		context.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
		SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();

		System.out
				.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
		SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);
		socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
		try {
			System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
			socket.startHandshake();
			socket.close();
			System.out.println();
			System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
		} catch (SSLException e) {
			System.out.println();
			e.printStackTrace(System.out);
		}

		X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
		if (chain == null) {
			System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
			return;
		}

		BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
				System.in));

		System.out.println();
		System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
		System.out.println();
		MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
		MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
		for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
			X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
			System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject "
					+ cert.getSubjectDN());
			System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());
			sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
			System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
			md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
			System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
			System.out.println();
		}

		System.out
				.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");
		String line = reader.readLine().trim();
		int k;
		try {
			k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
		} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
			System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
			return;
		}

		X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
		String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
		ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);

		OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
		ks.store(out, passphrase);
		out.close();

		System.out.println();
		System.out.println(cert);
		System.out.println();
		System.out
				.println("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"
						+ alias + "'");
	}

	private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();

	private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
		for (int b : bytes) {
			b &= 0xff;
			sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
			sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
			sb.append(' ');
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}

	private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {

		private final X509TrustManager tm;
		private X509Certificate[] chain;

		SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
			this.tm = tm;
		}

		public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
			throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
		}

		public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
				throws CertificateException {
			throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
		}

		public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
				throws CertificateException {
			this.chain = chain;
			tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
		}
	}

}

  

 

编译InstallCert.java，然后执行：java InstallCert hostname（可以直接使用域名,例如：https://fp.gdltax.gov.cn/fpzx/，则域名是：fp.gdltax.gov.cn），比如：

java InstallCert www.twitter.com
会看到如下信息：

 

Loading KeyStore jssecacerts...
Opening connection to 61.140.99.120:8136...
Starting SSL handshake...

No errors, certificate is already trusted

Server sent 2 certificate(s):

 1 Subject EMAILADDRESS=[e-mail], CN=www.gdltax.gov.cn, OU=CDC, O=China DataCom Corporation Limited, ST=guangdong, C=CN
   Issuer  EMAILADDRESS=[e-mail], CN=www.gdltax.gov.cn, OU=CDC, O=China DataCom Corporation Limited, L=guangzhou, ST=guangdong, C=CN
   sha1    36 51 47 59 11 3d 7d 0e 53 4c fd 0c bc 50 d5 29 e4 43 e3 51 
   md5     9c 41 5e 69 4f 11 3a 8a 2c 98 dd 4b 3a 6d a4 1d 

 2 Subject EMAILADDRESS=[e-mail], CN=www.gdltax.gov.cn, OU=CDC, O=China DataCom Corporation Limited, L=guangzhou, ST=guangdong, C=CN
   Issuer  EMAILADDRESS=[e-mail], CN=www.gdltax.gov.cn, OU=CDC, O=China DataCom Corporation Limited, L=guangzhou, ST=guangdong, C=CN
   sha1    a1 b7 45 b7 b9 bb 3d 8e 02 24 04 9c 43 80 52 47 88 85 9d 9f 
   md5     16 91 e7 3a cb cb d9 27 2f 10 ef 0d d8 2c 1f 0f 

Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]

 

输入1，回车，然后会在当前的目录下产生一个名为“ssecacerts”的证书。

 

将证书拷贝到$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security目录下，或者通过以下方式：
System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStore", "你的jssecacerts证书路径");//注意这里的证书路径需要使用绝对路径

 

注意：因为是静态加载，所以要重新启动你的Web Server，证书才能生效。