[Python]一个用ssh来远程登录多台机器并执行命令的脚本

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[Python ]一个用ssh 来远程登录 多台机器并执行命令的脚本 .... 阅读器无法显示某些pdf文档的中文问题 · Ubuntu以及MacOS下使用街机模拟 器Mame · [Python ]Python 3.0来了 ...
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来源：apc999.blogspot.com/2009/01/python _19.html（以上为GOOGLE搜索结果，因blogspot被墙了，故转载止此处，供己收藏，亦与众分享）

功能类似于multissh。事实上我也抄了这个名字//grin。
要求安装了pexpect 这个包先。
用法见usage:
Usage: ./multissh.py -f cmdfile -l username -c cmd -n nodesfile -v -r
execut cmd on remote hosts (all hosts in ./hosts.txt by default)
-v verbose
-r recording hosts on which mission succeeded and failed
-l username
-c cmd to be executed remotely
-n file containing the nodes
-f file conaining the cmd
-h show the usage
就是指定一个文件比如nodes.txt以及命令以后，它可以自动登录 到nodes.txt包含的节点里执行命令。可以在源文件里替换进你自己的密码，也可以使用公钥密钥登录 不需输入密码。指定了v选项的话得到在远端每台主机上的详细输出。指定了r选项的话记录下那些节点成功那些节点失败。
我前面的帖子里有关于ansi_color的一个脚本，拿过来可以配合使用得到彩色输出

   1. #!/usr/bin/python 
   2. import sys  
   3. import os  
   4. import getopt  
   5. import pexpect  
   6. try:  
   7.    from ansi_color import * #就是我前面帖子里关于ansi_color的几个定义  
   8. except ImportError:  
   9.    def color_str(s, *args):  
  10.        return s  
  11.    fg_green = None  
  12.    fg_red = None  
  13.    fg_blue = None  
  14. password="123456" #替换成你自己的密码。  
  15. def do(cmds, dst, username, outfile):  
  16.    global verbose, is_quiet, good_hosts  
  17.    print "executing \"%s\""%(repr(cmds))  
  18.    try:  
  19.        prompt = "^.*\(.*\):|\$"  
  20.        hostname = dst  
  21.        sshcmd = '<b style="color: black; background-color: rgb(153, 255, 153);">ssh</b> %s'%(hostname)  
  22.        if username != None:  
  23.            sshcmd = sshcmd + " -l %s"%username  
  24.        s = pexpect.spawn(command=sshcmd, timeout=20)  
  25.        s.logfile_read = outfile  
  26.        s.setecho(True)  
  27.        i = -1  
  28.        while (i<>0):  
  29.            i = s.expect([prompt,"Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?","Password:"])  
  30.            if i == 1:  
  31.                s.sendline("yes")  
  32.            elif i == 2:  
  33.                s.sendline(password)  
  34.        for cmd in cmds:       
  35.            s.sendline(cmd)  
  36.            s.expect(prompt)  
  37.        s.sendline("exit")  
  38.        s.close()  
  39.        if verbose:  
  40.            print  
  41.        print "["+color_str("OK!", fg_green)+"]"  
  42.        if recording:  
  43.            print>>f_good, hostname  
  44.            f_good.flush()  
  45.        good_hosts.append(hostname)  
  46.    except pexpect.ExceptionPexpect:  
  47.        if verbose:  
  48.            print  
  49.        print "["+color_str("Fail!", fg_red)+"]"  
  50.        if recording:  
  51.            print>>f_bad, hostname  
  52.            f_bad.flush()  
  53.        bad_hosts.append(hostname)  
  54. def print_usage():  
  55.    print "Usage:\t ./make_do.py -f cmdfile -l username -c cmd -n nodesfile -v -r"  
  56.    print "execut cmd on remote hosts (all hosts in ./hosts.txt by default)"  
  57.    print "\t-v verbose"  
  58.    print "\t-r recording hosts on which mission succeeded and failed"  
  59.    print "\t-l username"  
  60.    print "\t-c cmd to be executed remotely"  
  61.    print "\t-n file containing the nodes"  
  62.    print "\t-f file conaining the cmd"  
  63.    print "\t-h show the usage"  
  64.    sys.exit(-1)  
  65. if __name__ == "__main__":  
  66.    try:  
  67.        opts, args=getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "l:f:n:c:vhr",["login_name", "cmdfile","nodesfile","command","help","verbose", "recording"])  
  68.    except getopt.GetoptError, err:  
  69.        print str(err)  
  70.        print_usage()  
  71.    if opts == [] and args == []:  
  72.        print_usage()  
  73.    hosts = None  
  74.    cmds = None  
  75.    outfile = open("/dev/null", "w")  
  76.    verbose = False  
  77.    username = None  
  78.    recording = False  
  79.    for o, ra in opts:  
  80.        a = ra.strip(" \t\n")  
  81.        if o in ("-h", "--help"):  
  82.            print_usage()  
  83.        elif o in ("-n", "--nodesfile"):  
  84.            h = open(a, 'r')  
  85.            hosts = [l.strip(" \t\n") for l in h]  
  86.        elif o in ("-c", "--command"):  
  87.            cmds = [a]  
  88.        elif o in ("-f", "--cmdfile"):  
  89.            cmdfile =  open(a, "r")  
  90.            cmds = [cmd.strip(' \n') for cmd in cmdfile]  
  91.        elif o in ("-v",  "--verbose"):  
  92.            outfile = sys.stdout  
  93.            verbose = True  
  94.        elif o in ("-r", "--recording"):  
  95.            recording = True  
  96.        elif o in ("-l", "--login_name"):  
  97.            username = a  
  98.    if hosts is None:  
  99.        print "using default ./hosts.txt"  
 100.        h = open(os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("."), "hosts.txt"),'r')  
 101.        hosts = [dst.strip(' \n') for dst in h]  
 102.    if cmds is None:  
 103.        print "-c or -f must specified"  
 104.        print_usage()  
 105.    if recording:  
 106.        f_good = open("good_hosts.txt","w")  
 107.        f_bad = open("bad_hosts.txt","w")  
 108.    good_hosts =[]  
 109.    bad_hosts =[]  
 110.    for i in range(len(hosts)):  
 111.        dst = hosts[i]  
 112.        print "%d/%d: ["%(i+1, len(hosts))+ color_str(dst, fg_blue)+"]"  
 113.        do(cmds, dst, username, outfile)  
 114.    print "%d hosts suceed!"%len(good_hosts)  
 115.    outfile.close()  
 116.    h.close()  

 另附一个邮件列表组的讨论内容：

python-cn邮件列表 写道

python 能不能模拟键盘输入字符，类似于TCL的post，比如在我用SSH 连接到LINUX，然后用PYTHON 来输入ls命令。急用

pyexpect

2008/11/25 zhezh80 <zhezh80@...>:
> python能不能模拟键盘输入字符，类似于TCL的post，比如在我用SSH连接到LINUX，然后用PYTHON来输入ls命令。急用
>

你这个并非模拟键盘输入，
而仅仅是远程通过 ssh 执行命令，

请阅以前讨论过的 python-paramiko