<转载>--配置Apache+JK2+Tomcat集群与负载均衡

  (摘抄自《Java Web 2.0架构开发与项目实战》一书)

      首先从Apache网站http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi上下载wingdows安装版本的apache_2.2.11-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi,然后根据安装向导安装该服务器.Apache服务器默认使用80端口.
      从Apache网站http://tomcat.apache.org/connnectors-doc/下载连接器mod_jk-1.2.27-httpd-2.2.10.so,这个文件的版本要与Apache版本相同,目标都是2.2版本的.然后将这个.so文件放入Apache安装目录下的modules目录中,并更改Apache服务器中的httpd.conf,在conf目录中可以找到该文件,在文件最后加上下面一行代码:
            

 

 include "E:\Apache2\conf\mod_jk.conf" # E:Apache2是Apache的安装目录

       更改httpd.conf配置文件后,需要重启apache服务器.

     在于htp.conf同目录下新建workers.properties文件,内容如下:
  

worker.list=controller,tomcat1,tomcat2  #server 列表
   #============tomcat1============
    worker.tomcat1.prot=8009    #ajp13  端口号,在tomcat下server.xml配置,默认8009
    worker.tomcat1.host=localhost  #tomcat的主机地址,如不为本机,请填写ip地址
   worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
    worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=1   #server的加权比重,值越高,分得的请求越多
 #============tomcat2============
    worker.tomcat2.port=9009
    worker.tomcat2.host=localhost
    worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
    worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=1 

 #===========controller,负载均衡控制器==========
    worker.controller.type=lb
    worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2  #指定分担请求的tomcat
    worker.controller.sticky_session=1

    最后在http.conf同目录下新建mod_jk.conf文件,内容如下:
  

#加载mod_jk Module
   LoadModule jk_module modules/ mod_jk-1.2.27.10.so 
  #指定workers.properties文件路径
  JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
 #指定哪些请求交给tomcat处理,"controller"为在 workers.properties里指定的负载分配控制器
  JkMount  /*.jsp  controller 

      这样就配置好负载均衡应用了,但只配置负载均衡还不行,还要session复制,也就是说其中任何一个tomcat添加的session,是要同步复制到其他tomcat,集群内的tomcat都有相同的session.这里假设tomcat1和tomcat2运行在两台电脑上,然后打开tomcat1, tomcat2的server.xml,找到<Cluster>这一行内容,然后把这个标签中的内容替换成如下内容:
    

   

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
                 channelSendOptions="6">

          <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager"
                   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
                   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"  mapSentOptions="6"/>

       <!--
         <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"  
                   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"  
                   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>   

         -->

        <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
            <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
                        address="228.0.0.4"
                        port="45564"
                        frequency="500"
                        dropTime="3000"/>
            <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
                      address="auto"
                      port="5001"
                      autoBind="100"
                   
                      maxThreads="6"/>

           <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
           <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
           </Sender>
           <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
           <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
           <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>
        </Channel>

          <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
                 filter=".*\.gif;.*\.js;.*\.png;.*\.htm;.*\.html;.*\.css;.*\.txt;"/>
 
          <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
                    tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
                    deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
                    watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
                    watchEnabled="false"/>
 
          <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
      </Cluster>