POI操作EXCEL技巧

1.创建工作簿 (WORKBOOK)

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

2.创建工作表（SHEET）

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet1 = wb.createSheet("new sheet");

    HSSFSheet sheet2 = wb.createSheet("second sheet");

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

3.创建单元格(CELL)

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");

    // Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based.

    HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)0);

    // Create a cell and put a value in it.

    HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short)0);

    cell.setCellValue(1);

    // Or do it on one line.

    row.createCell((short)1).setCellValue(1.2);

    row.createCell((short)2).setCellValue("This is a string");

    row.createCell((short)3).setCellValue(true);

    // Write the output to a file

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

4.创建指定单元格式的单元格

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");

    // Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based.

    HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)0);

    // Create a cell and put a date value in it.  The first cell is not styled

    // as a date.

    HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short)0);

    cell.setCellValue(new Date());

    // we style the second cell as a date (and time).  It is important to

    // create a new cell style from the workbook otherwise you can end up

    // modifying the built in style and effecting not only this cell but other cells.

    HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();

    cellStyle.setDataFormat(HSSFDataFormat.getBuiltinFormat("m/d/yy h:mm"));

    cell = row.createCell((short)1);

    cell.setCellValue(new Date());

    cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);

    // Write the output to a file

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

5. 单元格的不同格式

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");

    HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)2);

    row.createCell((short) 0).setCellValue(1.1);

    row.createCell((short) 1).setCellValue(new Date());

    row.createCell((short) 2).setCellValue("a string");

    row.createCell((short) 3).setCellValue(true);

    row.createCell((short) 4).setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR);

    // Write the output to a file

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

6.单元格的不通对齐方式

    public static void main(String[] args)

            throws IOException

    {

        HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

        HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");

        HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 2);

        createCell(wb, row, (short) 0, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);

        createCell(wb, row, (short) 1, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER_SELECTION);

        createCell(wb, row, (short) 2, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_FILL);

        createCell(wb, row, (short) 3, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_GENERAL);

        createCell(wb, row, (short) 4, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_JUSTIFY);

        createCell(wb, row, (short) 5, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);

        createCell(wb, row, (short) 6, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_RIGHT);

        // Write the output to a file

        FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

        wb.write(fileOut);

        fileOut.close();

    }

    /**

     * Creates a cell and aligns it a certain way.

     *

     * @param wb        the workbook

     * @param row       the row to create the cell in

     * @param column    the column number to create the cell in

     * @param align     the alignment for the cell.

     */

    private static void createCell(HSSFWorkbook wb, HSSFRow row, short column, short align)

    {

        HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(column);

        cell.setCellValue("Align It");

        HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();

        cellStyle.setAlignment(align);

        cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);

    }

7.单元格的边框设置

Working with borders

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");

    // Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based.

    HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 1);

    // Create a cell and put a value in it.

    HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);

    cell.setCellValue(4);

    // Style the cell with borders all around.

    HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();

    style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);

    style.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);

    style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);

    style.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.GREEN.index);

    style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);

    style.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);

    style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_MEDIUM_DASHED);

    style.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);

    cell.setCellStyle(style);

    // Write the output to a file

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

8.填充和颜色设置

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");

    // Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based.

    HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 1);

    // Aqua background

    HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();

    style.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.AQUA.index);

    style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.BIG_SPOTS);

    HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);

    cell.setCellValue("X");

    cell.setCellStyle(style);

    // Orange "foreground", foreground being the fill foreground not the font color.

    style = wb.createCellStyle();

    style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index);

    style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);

    cell = row.createCell((short) 2);

    cell.setCellValue("X");

    cell.setCellStyle(style);

    // Write the output to a file

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

9.合并单元格操作

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");

    HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 1);

    HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);

    cell.setCellValue("This is a test of merging");

    sheet.addMergedRegion(new Region(1,(short)1,1,(short)2));

    // Write the output to a file

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

10.字体设置

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");

    // Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based.

    HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 1);

    // Create a new font and alter it.

    HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();

    font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)24);

    font.setFontName("Courier New");

    font.setItalic(true);

    font.setStrikeout(true);

    // Fonts are set into a style so create a new one to use.

    HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();

    style.setFont(font);

    // Create a cell and put a value in it.

    HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);

    cell.setCellValue("This is a test of fonts");

    cell.setCellStyle(style);

    // Write the output to a file

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

11.自定义颜色

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet();

    HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 0);

    HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 0);

    cell.setCellValue("Default Palette");

    //apply some colors from the standard palette,

    // as in the previous examples.

    //we'll use red text on a lime background

    HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();

    style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIME.index);

    style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);

    HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();

    font.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index);

    style.setFont(font);

    cell.setCellStyle(style);

    //save with the default palette

    FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("default_palette.xls");

    wb.write(out);

    out.close();

    //now, let's replace RED and LIME in the palette

    // with a more attractive combination

    // (lovingly borrowed from freebsd.org)

    cell.setCellValue("Modified Palette");

    //creating a custom palette for the workbook

    HSSFPalette palette = wb.getCustomPalette();

    //replacing the standard red with freebsd.org red

    palette.setColorAtIndex(HSSFColor.RED.index,

            (byte) 153,  //RGB red (0-255)

            (byte) 0,    //RGB green

            (byte) 0     //RGB blue

    );

    //replacing lime with freebsd.org gold

    palette.setColorAtIndex(HSSFColor.LIME.index, (byte) 255, (byte) 204, (byte) 102);

    //save with the modified palette

    // note that wherever we have previously used RED or LIME, the

    // new colors magically appear

    out = new FileOutputStream("modified_palette.xls");

    wb.write(out);

    out.close();

12.读和重写EXCEL文件

    POIFSFileSystem fs      =

            new POIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream("workbook.xls"));

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);

    HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(2);

    HSSFCell cell = row.getCell((short)3);

    if (cell == null)

        cell = row.createCell((short)3);

    cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);

    cell.setCellValue("a test");

    // Write the output to a file

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

13.在EXCEL单元格中使用自动换行

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet s = wb.createSheet();

    HSSFRow r = null;

    HSSFCell c = null;

    HSSFCellStyle cs = wb.createCellStyle();

    HSSFFont f = wb.createFont();

    HSSFFont f2 = wb.createFont();

    cs = wb.createCellStyle();

    cs.setFont( f2 );

    //Word Wrap MUST be turned on

    cs.setWrapText( true );

    r = s.createRow( (short) 2 );

    r.setHeight( (short) 0x349 );

    c = r.createCell( (short) 2 );

    c.setCellType( HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING );

    c.setCellValue( "Use \n with word wrap on to create a new line" );

    c.setCellStyle( cs );

    s.setColumnWidth( (short) 2, (short) ( ( 50 * 8 ) / ( (double) 1 / 20 ) ) );

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream( "workbook.xls" );

    wb.write( fileOut );

    fileOut.close();

14.数字格式自定义

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet");

    HSSFCellStyle style;

    HSSFDataFormat format = wb.createDataFormat();

    HSSFRow row;

    HSSFCell cell;

    short rowNum = 0;

    short colNum = 0;

    row = sheet.createRow(rowNum++);

    cell = row.createCell(colNum);

    cell.setCellValue(11111.25);

    style = wb.createCellStyle();

    style.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("0.0"));

    cell.setCellStyle(style);

    row = sheet.createRow(rowNum++);

    cell = row.createCell(colNum);

    cell.setCellValue(11111.25);

    style = wb.createCellStyle();

    style.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("#,##0.0000"));

    cell.setCellStyle(style);

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

15.调整工作单位置

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet");

    HSSFPrintSetup ps = sheet.getPrintSetup();

    sheet.setAutobreaks(true);

    ps.setFitHeight((short)1);

    ps.setFitWidth((short)1);



    // Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet.

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

16.设置打印区域

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet1");

    wb.setPrintArea(0, "$A$1:$C$2");

    //sets the print area for the first sheet

    //Alternatively:

    //wb.setPrintArea(0, 0, 1, 0, 0) is equivalent to using the name reference (See the JavaDocs for more details)

    // Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet.

    FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");

    wb.write(fileOut);

    fileOut.close();

17.标注脚注

    HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();

    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet");

    HSSFFooter footer = sheet.getFooter()

    footer.setRight( <s

  


  
    
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