portalocker - Cross-platform (posix/nt) API for flock-style file locking

转自：http://code.activestate.com/recipes/65203/

 

portalocker - Cross-platform (posix/nt) API for flock-style file locking. (Python recipe)

 

 

## {{{ http://code.activestate.com/recipes/65203/ (r7)
# portalocker.py - Cross-platform (posix/nt) API for flock-style file locking.
#                  Requires python 1.5.2 or better.
"""Cross-platform (posix/nt) API for flock-style file locking.

Synopsis:

   import portalocker
   file = open("somefile", "r+")
   portalocker.lock(file, portalocker.LOCK_EX)
   file.seek(12)
   file.write("foo")
   file.close()

If you know what you're doing, you may choose to

   portalocker.unlock(file)

before closing the file, but why?

Methods:

   lock( file, flags )
   unlock( file )

Constants:

   LOCK_EX
   LOCK_SH
   LOCK_NB

Exceptions:

    LockException

Notes:

For the 'nt' platform, this module requires the Python Extensions for Windows.
Be aware that this may not work as expected on Windows 95/98/ME.

History:

I learned the win32 technique for locking files from sample code
provided by John Nielsen <[e-mail]> in the documentation
that accompanies the win32 modules.

Author: Jonathan Feinberg <[e-mail]>,
        Lowell Alleman <[e-mail]>
Version: $Id: portalocker.py 5474 2008-05-16 20:53:50Z lowell $

"""


__all__ = [
    "lock",
    "unlock",
    "LOCK_EX",
    "LOCK_SH",
    "LOCK_NB",
    "LockException",
]

import os

class LockException(Exception):
    # Error codes:
    LOCK_FAILED = 1

if os.name == 'nt':
    import win32con
    import win32file
    import pywintypes
    LOCK_EX = win32con.LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK
    LOCK_SH = 0 # the default
    LOCK_NB = win32con.LOCKFILE_FAIL_IMMEDIATELY
    # is there any reason not to reuse the following structure?
    __overlapped = pywintypes.OVERLAPPED()
elif os.name == 'posix':
    import fcntl
    LOCK_EX = fcntl.LOCK_EX
    LOCK_SH = fcntl.LOCK_SH
    LOCK_NB = fcntl.LOCK_NB
else:
    raise RuntimeError, "PortaLocker only defined for nt and posix platforms"

if os.name == 'nt':
    def lock(file, flags):
        hfile = win32file._get_osfhandle(file.fileno())
        try:
            win32file.LockFileEx(hfile, flags, 0, -0x10000, __overlapped)
        except pywintypes.error, exc_value:
            # error: (33, 'LockFileEx', 'The process cannot access the file because another process has locked a portion of the file.')
            if exc_value[0] == 33:
                raise LockException(LockException.LOCK_FAILED, exc_value[2])
            else:
                # Q:  Are there exceptions/codes we should be dealing with here?
                raise
    
    def unlock(file):
        hfile = win32file._get_osfhandle(file.fileno())
        try:
            win32file.UnlockFileEx(hfile, 0, -0x10000, __overlapped)
        except pywintypes.error, exc_value:
            if exc_value[0] == 158:
                # error: (158, 'UnlockFileEx', 'The segment is already unlocked.')
                # To match the 'posix' implementation, silently ignore this error
                pass
            else:
                # Q:  Are there exceptions/codes we should be dealing with here?
                raise

elif os.name == 'posix':
    def lock(file, flags):
        try:
            fcntl.flock(file.fileno(), flags)
        except IOError, exc_value:
            #  IOError: [Errno 11] Resource temporarily unavailable
            if exc_value[0] == 11:
                raise LockException(LockException.LOCK_FAILED, exc_value[1])
            else:
                raise
    
    def unlock(file):
        fcntl.flock(file.fileno(), fcntl.LOCK_UN)



if __name__ == '__main__':
    from time import time, strftime, localtime
    import sys
    import portalocker

    log = open('log.txt', "a+")
    portalocker.lock(log, portalocker.LOCK_EX)

    timestamp = strftime("%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S\n", localtime(time()))
    log.write( timestamp )

    print "Wrote lines. Hit enter to release lock."
    dummy = sys.stdin.readline()

    log.close()
## end of http://code.activestate.com/recipes/65203/ }}}