Three Gorges Dam Forces Another Move

中国政府最近出台计划称，为修建三峡大坝而搬迁的140万农户中的部分移民将不得不再次搬迁，这引发了对中国大坝建设热潮的新质疑。政府上周四在网上公布了三峡库区农户的移民和城市化计划，较为坦率地承认为修建大坝而移民140万人所带来的问题。三峡大坝是世界上规模最大的大坝。Reuters三峡大坝航拍图，摄于2008年11月28日这项计划两年前获得批准，是诸多措施中的一项，旨在减少400英里长三峡水库沿岸地区污染，通过鼓励移民，提高数百万农民的生活水平。国务院公布的新文件更加详细地阐述了项目的目标──旨在缩小重庆地区城乡居民的差距。这个不断扩张的直辖市从中国西部省份四川省划分出来，以帮助吸收长江沿岸数百万的三峡移民。这份报告中说，移民搬迁安置的遗留问题要做细致工作，帮助移民解决生产生活中的实际困难和问题，建设和谐稳定新库区。这个问题，加上另外一个巨型大坝可能是引发四川地震原因的说法，都引起了公众质疑中国西部地震多发地区进行的雄心勃勃的大坝建设项目。中国的大坝建设规模居世界之首。它迫切希望利用清洁能源为不断增长的经济提供动力，如今中国主要依靠火电厂。据Asia Society和皮尤全球气候变化中心(Pew Center on Global Climate Change)最近公布的一份报告，中国计划在2020年前将水电装机容量提高一倍，相当于每两年修建一个三峡大坝。Shai Oster相关阅读三峡库区城镇完成拆迁 2008-07-24三峡大坝附近发生滑坡 2008-04-21


New questions arose about China's dam building boom rose as a recently released government plan said some of the 1.4 million farmers relocated to make way for the Three Gorges Dam would have to move again.The plan for the relocation and urbanization of farmers living near the Three Gorges Reservoir was published online by the government Thursday and includes some of the most pointed acknowledgments of the problems created by the forced migration of 1.4 million people to make way for the world's biggest dam.The plan, part of broader efforts to reduce pollution along the 400-mile long reservoir and raise living standards for millions of farmers by encouraging them to resettle, was approved two years ago.The new document issued by the State Council, China's equivalent of the cabinet, spelled out in greater detail the goals of the project, which aims to reduce the gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing, the sprawling megalopolis carved out of western China's Sichuan province to help absorb the millions of people displaced by the dam on the Yangtze River.'Problems left over from migration and resettlement must be dealt with in detail, helping migrants to solve the real hardships and problems in their work and lives, so as to build a harmonious and stable dam area,' the report says.The issue, along with the possibility that another giant dam may have triggered the earthquake in Sichuan province, raises questions about ambitious dam-building projects across China's earthquake-prone western regions.China, the world's biggest dam builder, is eager to tap into a clean source of energy to fuel a growing economy now largely reliant on coal-fired power plants. China is planning to double its hydropower capacity by 2020 -- the equivalent of adding another Three Gorges dam every two years, according to a recent report by the Asia Society and the Pew Center on Global Climate Change.Shai Oster