mysql 5.1 编译安装

oracle 收购 innobase 后，mysql从5.1开始就不默认支持innodb引擎了，要使用innodb必须编译时，在configrue的时候，加上--with-plugins=innobase这个参数。

这样编译安装的mysql就支持InnoDB了。

mysql> show plugin;
+------------+--------+----------------+---------+---------+
| Name       | Status | Type           | Library | License |
+------------+--------+----------------+---------+---------+
| binlog     | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL    | GPL     |
| CSV        | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL    | GPL     |
| MEMORY     | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL    | GPL     |
| InnoDB     | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL    | GPL     |
| MyISAM     | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL    | GPL     |
| MRG_MYISAM | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL    | GPL     |
+------------+--------+----------------+---------+---------+
6 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> show engines\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
      Engine: CSV
     Support: YES
     Comment: CSV storage engine
Transactions: NO
          XA: NO
  Savepoints: NO
*************************** 2. row ***************************
      Engine: MRG_MYISAM
     Support: YES
     Comment: Collection of identical MyISAM tables
Transactions: NO
          XA: NO
  Savepoints: NO
*************************** 3. row ***************************
      Engine: MEMORY
     Support: YES
     Comment: Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables
Transactions: NO
          XA: NO
  Savepoints: NO
*************************** 4. row ***************************
      Engine: InnoDB
     Support: YES
     Comment: Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys
Transactions: YES
          XA: YES
  Savepoints: YES
*************************** 5. row ***************************
      Engine: MyISAM
     Support: DEFAULT
     Comment: Default engine as of MySQL 3.23 with great performance
Transactions: NO
          XA: NO
  Savepoints: NO
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

也可以安装innodb团队2008年开发的innodb_plugin，这个plugin其实等同于innodb引擎。
我的是mysql-5.1.39.tar.gz源码包，所以已经集成进去，可以直接在configrue的时候，加上--with-plugins=innodb_plugin这个参数。一些老的5.1版本可能需要自己去下载innodb_plugin。据别人测试mysql 5.0.45 下的 innodb 会比 5.1.24rc 下的 innodb 总体性能稍微好一些（数据仅供参考）。
那位作者的网址是：http://imysql.cn/2008_04_23_mysql_5.1.24rc_and_innodb_plugin。
里面有教5.1.24rc怎么安装innodb_plugin，也有测试数据。

innodb plugin 的一些主要新特性有：
Fast index creation: add or drop indexes without copying the data
Data compression: shrink tables, to significantly reduce storage and i/o
New row format: fully off-page storage of long BLOB, TEXT, and VARCHAR columns
File format management: protects upward and downward compatibility
INFORMATION_SCHEMA tables: information about compression and locking
Other changes for flexibility, ease of use and reliability 
  Dynamic control of innodb_file_per_table
  TRUNCATE TABLE re-creates the *.ibd file to reclaim space
  “Strict mode” to prevent mistakes

根据官方提供的消息，5.4的innodb的性能比5.1/5.0的提升很大，期待正式版的发布。

mysql-5.1.39安装

sudo groupadd mysql
sudo useradd -g mysql mysql

Ubuntu需安装相关库

sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev
sudo apt-get install libncursesw5-dev

RedHat这样

yum -y install ncurses-devel

安装命令

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web/mysql --enable-assembler --with-mysqld-user=mysql --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-extra-charsets=all --with-charset=utf8 --with-collation=utf8_general_ci --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-plugins=innobase --without-debug
make
sudo make install-strip

sudo cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
sudo cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
sudo chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld
sudo ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

设置用户访问权限

cd /usr/local/web/mysql
sudo chown -R root .
sudo chown -R mysql var
sudo chown -R mysql var/.
sudo chown -R mysql var/mysql/.
sudo chgrp -R mysql .

启动设置

sudo /usr/local/web/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
sudo mysqladmin -uroot –p password newpassword
sudo mysql -uroot –pnewpassword

mysql>use mysql;
mysql>delete from user where password=""; #删除用于本机匿名连接的空密码帐号 
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>quit