HttpClient工具类

package com.md.demo.util;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

/**
* 封装了一些采用HttpClient发送HTTP请求的方法
* @see 本工具所采用的是最新的HttpComponents-Client-4.2.1
*/
public class HttpClientUtil {

private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(HttpClientUtil.class);

private HttpClientUtil(){}

/**
* 发送HTTP_GET请求
* @see 该方法会自动关闭连接,释放资源
* @param requestURL    请求地址(含参数)
* @param decodeCharset 解码字符集,解析响应数据时用之,其为null时默认采用UTF-8解码
* @return 远程主机响应正文
*/
public static String sendGetRequest(String reqURL, String decodeCharset){
long responseLength = 0;       //响应长度
String responseContent = null; //响应内容
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(); //创建默认的httpClient实例
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(reqURL);           //创建org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet
try{
HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); //执行GET请求
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();            //获取响应实体
if(null != entity){
responseLength = entity.getContentLength();
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, decodeCharset==null ? "UTF-8" : decodeCharset);
EntityUtils.consume(entity); //Consume response content
}
System.out.println("请求地址: " + httpGet.getURI());
System.out.println("响应状态: " + response.getStatusLine());
System.out.println("响应长度: " + responseLength);
System.out.println("响应内容: " + responseContent);
}catch(ClientProtocolException e){
log.error("该异常通常是协议错误导致,比如构造HttpGet对象时传入的协议不对(将'http'写成'htp')或者服务器端返回的内容不符合HTTP协议要求等,堆栈信息如下", e);
}catch(ParseException e){
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
}catch(IOException e){
log.error("该异常通常是网络原因引起的,如HTTP服务器未启动等,堆栈信息如下", e);
}finally{
httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown(); //关闭连接,释放资源
}
return responseContent;
}


/**
* 发送HTTP_POST请求
* @see 该方法为<code>sendPostRequest(String,String,boolean,String,String)</code>的简化方法
* @see 该方法在对请求数据的编码和响应数据的解码时,所采用的字符集均为UTF-8
* @see 当<code>isEncoder=true</code>时,其会自动对<code>sendData</code>中的[中文][|][ ]等特殊字符进行<code>URLEncoder.encode(string,"UTF-8")</code>
* @param isEncoder 用于指明请求数据是否需要UTF-8编码,true为需要
*/
public static String sendPostRequest(String reqURL, String sendData, boolean isEncoder){
return sendPostRequest(reqURL, sendData, isEncoder, null, null);
}


/**
* 发送HTTP_POST请求
* @see 该方法会自动关闭连接,释放资源
* @see 当<code>isEncoder=true</code>时,其会自动对<code>sendData</code>中的[中文][|][ ]等特殊字符进行<code>URLEncoder.encode(string,encodeCharset)</code>
* @param reqURL        请求地址
* @param sendData      请求参数,若有多个参数则应拼接成param11=value11¶m22=value22¶m33=value33的形式后,传入该参数中
* @param isEncoder     请求数据是否需要encodeCharset编码,true为需要
* @param encodeCharset 编码字符集,编码请求数据时用之,其为null时默认采用UTF-8解码
* @param decodeCharset 解码字符集,解析响应数据时用之,其为null时默认采用UTF-8解码
* @return 远程主机响应正文
*/
public static String sendPostRequest(String reqURL, String sendData, boolean isEncoder, String encodeCharset, String decodeCharset){
String responseContent = null;
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(reqURL);
//httpPost.setHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
httpPost.setHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
try{
if(isEncoder){
List<NameValuePair> formParams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
for(String str : sendData.split("&")){
formParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(str.substring(0,str.indexOf("=")), str.substring(str.indexOf("=")+1)));
}
httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(URLEncodedUtils.format(formParams, encodeCharset==null ? "UTF-8" : encodeCharset)));
}else{
httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(sendData));
}

HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (null != entity) {
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, decodeCharset==null ? "UTF-8" : decodeCharset);
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
}
}catch(Exception e){
log.error("与[" + reqURL + "]通信过程中发生异常,堆栈信息如下", e);
}finally{
httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
return responseContent;
}


/**
* 发送HTTP_POST请求
* @see 该方法会自动关闭连接,释放资源
* @see 该方法会自动对<code>params</code>中的[中文][|][ ]等特殊字符进行<code>URLEncoder.encode(string,encodeCharset)</code>
* @param reqURL        请求地址
* @param params        请求参数
* @param encodeCharset 编码字符集,编码请求数据时用之,其为null时默认采用UTF-8解码
* @param decodeCharset 解码字符集,解析响应数据时用之,其为null时默认采用UTF-8解码
* @return 远程主机响应正文
*/
public static String sendPostRequest(String reqURL, Map<String, String> params, String encodeCharset, String decodeCharset){
String responseContent = null;
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(reqURL);
List<NameValuePair> formParams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); //创建参数队列
for(Map.Entry<String,String> entry : params.entrySet()){
formParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
try{
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formParams, encodeCharset==null ? "UTF-8" : encodeCharset));

HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (null != entity) {
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, decodeCharset==null ? "UTF-8" : decodeCharset);
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
}
}catch(Exception e){
log.error("与[" + reqURL + "]通信过程中发生异常,堆栈信息如下", e);
}finally{
httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
return responseContent;
}


/**
* 发送HTTPS_POST请求
* @see 该方法为<code>sendPostSSLRequest(String,Map<String,String>,String,String)</code>方法的简化方法
* @see 该方法在对请求数据的编码和响应数据的解码时,所采用的字符集均为UTF-8
* @see 该方法会自动对<code>params</code>中的[中文][|][ ]等特殊字符进行<code>URLEncoder.encode(string,"UTF-8")</code>
*/
public static String sendPostSSLRequest(String reqURL, Map<String, String> params){
return sendPostSSLRequest(reqURL, params, null, null);
}


/**
* 发送HTTPS_POST请求
* @see 该方法会自动关闭连接,释放资源
* @see 该方法会自动对<code>params</code>中的[中文][|][ ]等特殊字符进行<code>URLEncoder.encode(string,encodeCharset)</code>
* @param reqURL        请求地址
* @param params        请求参数
* @param encodeCharset 编码字符集,编码请求数据时用之,其为null时默认采用UTF-8解码
* @param decodeCharset 解码字符集,解析响应数据时用之,其为null时默认采用UTF-8解码
* @return 远程主机响应正文
*/
public static String sendPostSSLRequest(String reqURL, Map<String, String> params, String encodeCharset, String decodeCharset){
String responseContent = "";
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
X509TrustManager xtm = new X509TrustManager(){
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {}
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {return null;}
};
try {
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{xtm}, null);
SSLSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx);
httpClient.getConnectionManager().getSchemeRegistry().register(new Scheme("https", 443, socketFactory));

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(reqURL);
List<NameValuePair> formParams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
for(Map.Entry<String,String> entry : params.entrySet()){
formParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formParams, encodeCharset==null ? "UTF-8" : encodeCharset));

HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (null != entity) {
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, decodeCharset==null ? "UTF-8" : decodeCharset);
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("与[" + reqURL + "]通信过程中发生异常,堆栈信息为", e);
} finally {
httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
return responseContent;
}


/**
* 发送HTTP_POST请求
* @see 若发送的<code>params</code>中含有中文,记得按照双方约定的字符集将中文<code>URLEncoder.encode(string,encodeCharset)</code>
* @see 本方法默认的连接超时时间为30秒,默认的读取超时时间为30秒
* @param reqURL 请求地址
* @param params 发送到远程主机的正文数据,其数据类型为<code>java.util.Map<String, String></code>
* @return 远程主机响应正文`HTTP状态码,如<code>"SUCCESS`200"</code><br>若通信过程中发生异常则返回"Failed`HTTP状态码",如<code>"Failed`500"</code>
*/
public static String sendPostRequestByJava(String reqURL, Map<String, String> params){
StringBuilder sendData = new StringBuilder();
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
sendData.append(entry.getKey()).append("=").append(entry.getValue()).append("&");
}
if(sendData.length() > 0){
sendData.setLength(sendData.length() - 1); //删除最后一个&符号
}
return sendPostRequestByJava(reqURL, sendData.toString());
}


/**
* 发送HTTP_POST请求
* @see 若发送的<code>sendData</code>中含有中文,记得按照双方约定的字符集将中文<code>URLEncoder.encode(string,encodeCharset)</code>
* @see 本方法默认的连接超时时间为30秒,默认的读取超时时间为30秒
* @param reqURL   请求地址
* @param sendData 发送到远程主机的正文数据
* @return 远程主机响应正文`HTTP状态码,如<code>"SUCCESS`200"</code><br>若通信过程中发生异常则返回"Failed`HTTP状态码",如<code>"Failed`500"</code>
*/
public static String sendPostRequestByJava(String reqURL, String sendData){
HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = null;
OutputStream out = null; //写
InputStream in = null;   //读
int httpStatusCode = 0;  //远程主机响应的HTTP状态码
try{
URL sendUrl = new URL(reqURL);
httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection)sendUrl.openConnection();
httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);        //指示应用程序要将数据写入URL连接,其值默认为false
httpURLConnection.setUseCaches(false);
httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(30000); //30秒连接超时
httpURLConnection.setReadTimeout(30000);    //30秒读取超时

out = httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();
out.write(sendData.toString().getBytes());

//清空缓冲区,发送数据
out.flush();

//获取HTTP状态码
httpStatusCode = httpURLConnection.getResponseCode();

//该方法只能获取到[HTTP/1.0 200 OK]中的[OK]
//若对方响应的正文放在了返回报文的最后一行,则该方法获取不到正文,而只能获取到[OK],稍显遗憾
//respData = httpURLConnection.getResponseMessage();

// //处理返回结果
// BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpURLConnection.getInputStream()));
// String row = null;
// String respData = "";
// if((row=br.readLine()) != null){ //readLine()方法在读到换行[\n]或回车[\r]时,即认为该行已终止
// respData = row;              //HTTP协议POST方式的最后一行数据为正文数据
// }
// br.close();

in = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();            
byte[] byteDatas = new byte[in.available()];
in.read(byteDatas);
return new String(byteDatas) + "`" + httpStatusCode;
}catch(Exception e){
log.error(e.getMessage());
return "Failed`" + httpStatusCode;
}finally{
if(out != null){
try{
out.close();
}catch (Exception e){
log.error("关闭输出流时发生异常,堆栈信息如下", e);
}
}
if(in != null){
try{
in.close();
}catch(Exception e){
log.error("关闭输入流时发生异常,堆栈信息如下", e);
}
}
if(httpURLConnection != null){
httpURLConnection.disconnect();
httpURLConnection = null;
}
}
}
}